通用中文 | 钙镁钾和羟丁酸钠 口服溶液 | 通用外文 | Calcium, Magnesium,Potassium, and Sodium Oxybates |
品牌中文 | 品牌外文 | Xywav | |
其他名称 | |||
公司 | Jazz(Jazz) | 产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 180ml,0.5g/ml | 包装 | 1瓶/盒 |
剂型给药 | 口服溶液 | 储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者中的瘫痪症和白天过度嗜睡(EDS) |
通用中文 | 钙镁钾和羟丁酸钠 口服溶液 |
通用外文 | Calcium, Magnesium,Potassium, and Sodium Oxybates |
品牌中文 | |
品牌外文 | Xywav |
其他名称 | |
公司 | Jazz(Jazz) |
产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 180ml,0.5g/ml |
包装 | 1瓶/盒 |
剂型给药 | 口服溶液 |
储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者中的瘫痪症和白天过度嗜睡(EDS) |
Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液-先前为JZP-258
公司名称:Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc
批准日期:2020年7月21日
治疗:发作性睡病
Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)是一种低羟丁酸钠产品,用于治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者中的瘫痪症和白天过度嗜睡(EDS)。
都柏林,2020年7月22日,美通社-PR Newswire /-Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc(Nasdaq:JAZZ)今天宣布,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)于7月21日批准了Xywav™(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液。 ,2020年,用于治疗7岁及以上发作性睡病患者的瘫痪或日间过度嗜睡(EDS)。1,2Xywav是一种含氧酸盐产品,具有独特的阳离子组成,可减少92%的钠,约等于1000到1000。 1,500毫克/晚–在建议的6到9克的剂量范围内,比次硫酸氢钠高1。
该公司计划在实施风险评估和缓解策略(REMS)后,于今年年底推出Xywav。 Jazz致力于确保获得我们的药物,并将努力确保适当的患者获得最广泛的使用。
FDA批准Xywav是基于一项全球第3期双盲,安慰剂对照,随机退出,多中心研究,该研究证明了Xywav在发作性睡病患者中治疗昏厥和EDS的有效性和安全性。该研究招募了201名患者,与安慰剂相比,Xywav在每周一次的脑瘫发作次数和Epworth Sleepiness Scale评分方面具有统计学上的显着差异(p <0.0001)。3
成人和儿科患者可以选择多种Xywav剂量。处方者可以将Xywav滴定为一整夜不等的剂量。当患者在羟丁酸钠后开始Xywav治疗时,以与羟丁酸钠相同的剂量和方案(克数克)开始Xywav治疗,并根据疗效和耐受性根据需要进行滴定。1
“根据临床计划中显示的功效,Xywav的批准对于患有发作性发作或发作性睡病相关性EDS的人非常重要。1Xywav使患者可以选择低羟丁酸钠治疗。这可能有助于患者服用羟丁酸钠更好地符合包括美国心脏协会在内的每日钠摄入量建议,4”“南卡罗来纳大学医学院副临床教授,SleepMed医院医学官Richard K. Bogan说道。南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚市和第三阶段研究的首席研究员。 “美国人平均摄入过多的钠。5钠摄入过多与血压,高血压,中风和其他心血管疾病的增加有关。6,7,8,9”
羟丁酸钠警告称其钠含量高,10以前是唯一被批准用于治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者的脑瘫和EDS的唯一产品11,并被指定为治疗脑瘫和EDS的护理标准美国睡眠医学科学院。12为了建立新的护理标准,Xywav的开发目的是为发作性睡病患者提供一种含钠量较低的羟丁酸盐疗法,并且不带有钠含量警告。
Xywav有盒装警告语,可作为中枢神经系统抑制剂,并具有滥用和滥用的可能性。由于存在中枢神经系统抑郁,滥用和滥用的风险,Xywav仅可通过REMS的受限计划(称为Xywav和Xyrem REMS计划)获得。成人中最常见的不良反应(≥5%)为头痛,恶心,头晕,食欲不振,失眠,腹泻,多汗症,焦虑和呕吐1。
“我们已经开发了将近十年的Xywav,这是一种独特的氧杂酸盐产品,可显着降低钠含量。我们很自豪地推动睡眠研究计划背后的科学发展,以继续为嗜睡症患者带来改变。” Jazz Pharmaceuticals董事长兼首席执行官Bruce Cozadd说。 “爵士致力于解决睡眠医学未满足的需求,其中包括我们创新且长期的含氧酸盐计划。”
发作性睡病是一种无法治愈的慢性神经系统疾病,随着时间的推移,疾病负担会对患者的健康产生深远的影响。13,14,15,16作为公认的睡眠医学领导者,爵士乐致力于提高人们对发作性睡病的认识。并帮助患者找到应对这种睡眠障碍的策略。
Project Sleep总裁兼首席执行官朱莉·弗莱加(Julie Flygare)说:“许多患有发作性睡病的人可能要经过数年才能被正确诊断,这可能会对他们的日常生活产生重大影响。” “嗜睡症是一生的病,因此重要的是要有新的选择来治疗EDS和脑瘫。”
美国禁毒署(DEA)已将Xywav指定为Schedule III药品。 DEA将附表III的药物,物质或化学药品定义为具有中度到低度的身体和心理依赖性的药物。
关于Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液
Xywav,也称为JZP-258,已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)的批准,可用于7岁及以上发作性睡病患者的瘫痪或白天过度嗜睡。也正在研究用于治疗成年患者的特发性失眠症。 Xywav由独特的阳离子组成组成,在建议的6至9克的剂量范围内,钠比钠的羟丁酸钠减少92%或约1,000至1,500 mg / night的钠。 Xywav具有与羟丁酸钠相同的羟丁酸盐浓度,并且包含钙,镁,钾和钠阳离子的混合物。尽管Xywav的确切作用机理尚不清楚,但据推测,Xywav对中枢神经系统疾病和多巴胺能神经元以及丘脑皮质神经元的睡眠期间GABA B的作用是介导的,对脑瘫和白天过度嗜睡的治疗作用。
重要安全信息
警告:将Xywav与其他中枢神经系统(CNS)抑制剂合用,例如使您或您的孩子入睡的药物,包括阿片类镇痛药,苯二氮卓类药物,镇静抗抑郁药,抗精神病药,镇静抗癫痫药,全身麻醉剂,肌肉松弛剂,酒精类药物或街头毒品,可能会导致严重的医学问题,包括呼吸困难(呼吸抑制),血压低(低血压),机敏性(嗜睡),昏厥(晕厥)和死亡。
Xywav的活性成分是伽玛羟基丁酸酯(GHB)的一种形式。单独使用或滥用非法GHB或与其他药物一起使用会导致机敏性(或意识)改变,已引起严重的副作用。这些影响包括癫痫发作,呼吸困难(呼吸抑制),警觉性变化(嗜睡),昏迷和死亡。如果您或您的孩子有任何严重的副作用,请立即致电医生。
由于存在这些风险,您必须通过Xywav和XYREM REMS程序才能填写您或您孩子的Xywav处方。
如果您服用或您的孩子服用其他睡眠药物或镇静剂(引起嗜睡的药物),饮酒或出现罕见的问题(称为琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶缺乏症),请勿服用Xywav。
将Xywav放在安全的地方,以防止滥用和误用。出售或赠送Xywav可能会伤害他人,并且是违法的。告诉医生您是否曾经滥用或依赖酒精,处方药或街头毒品。
服用Xywav的任何人在服用Xywav后至少6小时内都不应做任何要求他们完全清醒或有危险的事情,包括驾驶汽车,使用重型机械或驾驶飞机。在您知道Xywav如何影响您或您的孩子之前,不应该进行这些活动。
Xywav可能导致严重的副作用,包括以下内容:
呼吸问题,包括呼吸缓慢,呼吸困难和/或在睡眠时短时间不呼吸(睡眠呼吸暂停)。已经有呼吸或肺部疾病的人在使用Xywav时出现呼吸问题的可能性更高。
心理健康问题,包括困惑,看到或听到不真实的东西(幻觉),异常或令人不安的想法(异常思维),感到焦虑或沮丧,沮丧,对自己自杀或试图自杀的想法,增加的疲劳感,内gui,一文不值或难以集中注意力。告诉医生您或您的孩子是否患有抑郁症或试图伤害自己。
如果您有或您的孩子出现精神健康问题或体重或食欲变化,请立即致电医生。
梦游。梦游会导致受伤。如果您或您的孩子开始梦游,请致电您的医生。您的医生应检查您或您的孩子。
Xywav在成人中最常见的副作用包括头痛,恶心,头晕,食欲不振,失眠(一种睡眠障碍,可能包括异常的梦,异常的快速眼动(REM)睡眠,睡眠麻痹,睡眠说话,睡眠恐怖,睡眠-相关的进食障碍,睡眠行走以及其他与睡眠有关的异常事件),腹泻,多汗(多汗症),焦虑和呕吐。
Xywav在儿童中最常见的副作用包括尿床,恶心,头痛,呕吐,体重减轻,食欲下降和头晕。
如果不按照指示服用Xywav,可能会导致药物的身体依赖性和渴望。这些并非Xywav的所有可能的副作用。
关于发作性睡病
发作性睡病是一种慢性的,使人衰弱的神经系统疾病,其特征在于EDS且无法正常调节睡眠-觉醒周期。2,15,18据估计,它影响了美国每2,000人中的1人,其症状通常出现在儿童或青少年时期。19 ,20,21研究表明,发作性睡病患者可能需要10年或更长时间才能得到诊断。22,23发作性睡病有五个主要症状,包括EDS,脑瘫,夜间睡眠中断,与睡眠有关的幻觉和睡眠。瘫痪[24]虽然所有发作性睡病患者都经历过EDS,但并非所有发作性睡病患者都经历所有五种症状。15,23EDS是发作性睡病的主要症状,并且存在于所有患有该病的人中。21,25EDS的特征是无能力19、21、22发作性睡病与心脏代谢性合并症(包括肥胖症)的患病率增加有关,从而使白天保持清醒和警觉,从而导致睡意和意外进入睡眠状态。高血压,糖尿病和高胆固醇血症13,14,26,27
关于Cataplexy
发作性发作是发作性睡病最具体的症状,是突然的,通常短暂的(<2分钟)的肌肉张力丧失,并伴有意识丧失。它通常是由诸如笑,惊奇或愤怒之类的强烈情绪触发的。19,21尽管许多情绪都可能引发瘫痪,但与喜乐相关的情绪通常最有效。21约有70%的发作性睡病患者会发生猝倒症。 29发作性睡病患者的表现差异很大,从笑声引起的偶发性局部发作到各种情绪引起的频繁完全性崩溃都存在。19,21完全性崩溃不太常见。19,21更常见的是,瘫痪发作仅涉及某些肌肉群,例如胳膊和腿(例如,膝盖屈曲),头和脖子(例如,头低垂)或脸部和下巴(例如,下垂,言语不清,眼睑下垂)。19,21,28,29
Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液-先前为JZP-258
公司名称:Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc
批准日期:2020年7月21日
治疗:发作性睡病
Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)是一种低羟丁酸钠产品,用于治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者中的瘫痪症和白天过度嗜睡(EDS)。
都柏林,2020年7月22日,美通社-PR Newswire /-Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc(Nasdaq:JAZZ)今天宣布,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)于7月21日批准了Xywav™(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液。 ,2020年,用于治疗7岁及以上发作性睡病患者的瘫痪或日间过度嗜睡(EDS)。1,2Xywav是一种含氧酸盐产品,具有独特的阳离子组成,可减少92%的钠,约等于1000到1000。 1,500毫克/晚–在建议的6到9克的剂量范围内,比次硫酸氢钠高1。
该公司计划在实施风险评估和缓解策略(REMS)后,于今年年底推出Xywav。 Jazz致力于确保获得我们的药物,并将努力确保适当的患者获得最广泛的使用。
FDA批准Xywav是基于一项全球第3期双盲,安慰剂对照,随机退出,多中心研究,该研究证明了Xywav在发作性睡病患者中治疗昏厥和EDS的有效性和安全性。该研究招募了201名患者,与安慰剂相比,Xywav在每周一次的脑瘫发作次数和Epworth Sleepiness Scale评分方面具有统计学上的显着差异(p <0.0001)。3
成人和儿科患者可以选择多种Xywav剂量。处方者可以将Xywav滴定为一整夜不等的剂量。当患者在羟丁酸钠后开始Xywav治疗时,以与羟丁酸钠相同的剂量和方案(克数克)开始Xywav治疗,并根据疗效和耐受性根据需要进行滴定。1
“根据临床计划中显示的功效,Xywav的批准对于患有发作性发作或发作性睡病相关性EDS的人非常重要。1Xywav使患者可以选择低羟丁酸钠治疗。这可能有助于患者服用羟丁酸钠更好地符合包括美国心脏协会在内的每日钠摄入量建议,4”“南卡罗来纳大学医学院副临床教授,SleepMed医院医学官Richard K. Bogan说道。南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚市和第三阶段研究的首席研究员。 “美国人平均摄入过多的钠。5钠摄入过多与血压,高血压,中风和其他心血管疾病的增加有关。6,7,8,9”
羟丁酸钠警告称其钠含量高,10以前是唯一被批准用于治疗7岁及以上的发作性睡病患者的脑瘫和EDS的唯一产品11,并被指定为治疗脑瘫和EDS的护理标准美国睡眠医学科学院。12为了建立新的护理标准,Xywav的开发目的是为发作性睡病患者提供一种含钠量较低的羟丁酸盐疗法,并且不带有钠含量警告。
Xywav有盒装警告语,可作为中枢神经系统抑制剂,并具有滥用和滥用的可能性。由于存在中枢神经系统抑郁,滥用和滥用的风险,Xywav仅可通过REMS的受限计划(称为Xywav和Xyrem REMS计划)获得。成人中最常见的不良反应(≥5%)为头痛,恶心,头晕,食欲不振,失眠,腹泻,多汗症,焦虑和呕吐1。
“我们已经开发了将近十年的Xywav,这是一种独特的氧杂酸盐产品,可显着降低钠含量。我们很自豪地推动睡眠研究计划背后的科学发展,以继续为嗜睡症患者带来改变。” Jazz Pharmaceuticals董事长兼首席执行官Bruce Cozadd说。 “爵士致力于解决睡眠医学未满足的需求,其中包括我们创新且长期的含氧酸盐计划。”
发作性睡病是一种无法治愈的慢性神经系统疾病,随着时间的推移,疾病负担会对患者的健康产生深远的影响。13,14,15,16作为公认的睡眠医学领导者,爵士乐致力于提高人们对发作性睡病的认识。并帮助患者找到应对这种睡眠障碍的策略。
Project Sleep总裁兼首席执行官朱莉·弗莱加(Julie Flygare)说:“许多患有发作性睡病的人可能要经过数年才能被正确诊断,这可能会对他们的日常生活产生重大影响。” “嗜睡症是一生的病,因此重要的是要有新的选择来治疗EDS和脑瘫。”
美国禁毒署(DEA)已将Xywav指定为Schedule III药品。 DEA将附表III的药物,物质或化学药品定义为具有中度到低度的身体和心理依赖性的药物。
关于Xywav(钙,镁,钾和羟丁酸钠)口服溶液
Xywav,也称为JZP-258,已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)的批准,可用于7岁及以上发作性睡病患者的瘫痪或白天过度嗜睡。也正在研究用于治疗成年患者的特发性失眠症。 Xywav由独特的阳离子组成组成,在建议的6至9克的剂量范围内,钠比钠的羟丁酸钠减少92%或约1,000至1,500 mg / night的钠。 Xywav具有与羟丁酸钠相同的羟丁酸盐浓度,并且包含钙,镁,钾和钠阳离子的混合物。尽管Xywav的确切作用机理尚不清楚,但据推测,Xywav对中枢神经系统疾病和多巴胺能神经元以及丘脑皮质神经元的睡眠期间GABA B的作用是介导的,对脑瘫和白天过度嗜睡的治疗作用。
重要安全信息
警告:将Xywav与其他中枢神经系统(CNS)抑制剂合用,例如使您或您的孩子入睡的药物,包括阿片类镇痛药,苯二氮卓类药物,镇静抗抑郁药,抗精神病药,镇静抗癫痫药,全身麻醉剂,肌肉松弛剂,酒精类药物或街头毒品,可能会导致严重的医学问题,包括呼吸困难(呼吸抑制),血压低(低血压),机敏性(嗜睡),昏厥(晕厥)和死亡。
Xywav的活性成分是伽玛羟基丁酸酯(GHB)的一种形式。单独使用或滥用非法GHB或与其他药物一起使用会导致机敏性(或意识)改变,已引起严重的副作用。这些影响包括癫痫发作,呼吸困难(呼吸抑制),警觉性变化(嗜睡),昏迷和死亡。如果您或您的孩子有任何严重的副作用,请立即致电医生。
由于存在这些风险,您必须通过Xywav和XYREM REMS程序才能填写您或您孩子的Xywav处方。
如果您服用或您的孩子服用其他睡眠药物或镇静剂(引起嗜睡的药物),饮酒或出现罕见的问题(称为琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶缺乏症),请勿服用Xywav。
将Xywav放在安全的地方,以防止滥用和误用。出售或赠送Xywav可能会伤害他人,并且是违法的。告诉医生您是否曾经滥用或依赖酒精,处方药或街头毒品。
服用Xywav的任何人在服用Xywav后至少6小时内都不应做任何要求他们完全清醒或有危险的事情,包括驾驶汽车,使用重型机械或驾驶飞机。在您知道Xywav如何影响您或您的孩子之前,不应该进行这些活动。
Xywav可能导致严重的副作用,包括以下内容:
呼吸问题,包括呼吸缓慢,呼吸困难和/或在睡眠时短时间不呼吸(睡眠呼吸暂停)。已经有呼吸或肺部疾病的人在使用Xywav时出现呼吸问题的可能性更高。
心理健康问题,包括困惑,看到或听到不真实的东西(幻觉),异常或令人不安的想法(异常思维),感到焦虑或沮丧,沮丧,对自己自杀或试图自杀的想法,增加的疲劳感,内gui,一文不值或难以集中注意力。告诉医生您或您的孩子是否患有抑郁症或试图伤害自己。
如果您有或您的孩子出现精神健康问题或体重或食欲变化,请立即致电医生。
梦游。梦游会导致受伤。如果您或您的孩子开始梦游,请致电您的医生。您的医生应检查您或您的孩子。
Xywav在成人中最常见的副作用包括头痛,恶心,头晕,食欲不振,失眠(一种睡眠障碍,可能包括异常的梦,异常的快速眼动(REM)睡眠,睡眠麻痹,睡眠说话,睡眠恐怖,睡眠-相关的进食障碍,睡眠行走以及其他与睡眠有关的异常事件),腹泻,多汗(多汗症),焦虑和呕吐。
Xywav在儿童中最常见的副作用包括尿床,恶心,头痛,呕吐,体重减轻,食欲下降和头晕。
如果不按照指示服用Xywav,可能会导致药物的身体依赖性和渴望。这些并非Xywav的所有可能的副作用。
关于发作性睡病
发作性睡病是一种慢性的,使人衰弱的神经系统疾病,其特征在于EDS且无法正常调节睡眠-觉醒周期。2,15,18据估计,它影响了美国每2,000人中的1人,其症状通常出现在儿童或青少年时期。19 ,20,21研究表明,发作性睡病患者可能需要10年或更长时间才能得到诊断。22,23发作性睡病有五个主要症状,包括EDS,脑瘫,夜间睡眠中断,与睡眠有关的幻觉和睡眠。瘫痪[24]虽然所有发作性睡病患者都经历过EDS,但并非所有发作性睡病患者都经历所有五种症状。15,23EDS是发作性睡病的主要症状,并且存在于所有患有该病的人中。21,25EDS的特征是无能力19、21、22发作性睡病与心脏代谢性合并症(包括肥胖症)的患病率增加有关,从而使白天保持清醒和警觉,从而导致睡意和意外进入睡眠状态。高血压,糖尿病和高胆固醇血症13,14,26,27
关于Cataplexy
发作性发作是发作性睡病最具体的症状,是突然的,通常短暂的(<2分钟)的肌肉张力丧失,并伴有意识丧失。它通常是由诸如笑,惊奇或愤怒之类的强烈情绪触发的。19,21尽管许多情绪都可能引发瘫痪,但与喜乐相关的情绪通常最有效。21约有70%的发作性睡病患者会发生猝倒症。 29发作性睡病患者的表现差异很大,从笑声引起的偶发性局部发作到各种情绪引起的频繁完全性崩溃都存在。19,21完全性崩溃不太常见。19,21更常见的是,瘫痪发作仅涉及某些肌肉群,例如胳膊和腿(例如,膝盖屈曲),头和脖子(例如,头低垂)或脸部和下巴(例如,下垂,言语不清,眼睑下垂)。19,21,28,29
Xywav (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates) Oral Solution - formerly JZP-258
Company: Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc
Date of Approval: July 21, 2020
Treatment for: Narcolepsy
Xywav (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates) is a low-sodium oxybate product for the treatment of cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients 7 years of age and older with narcolepsy.
DUBLIN, July 22, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc (Nasdaq: JAZZ) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Xywav™ (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates) oral solution on July 21, 2020 for the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients 7 years of age and older with narcolepsy.1,2 Xywav is an oxybate product with a unique composition of cations resulting in 92 percent less sodium – or approximately 1,000 to 1,500 mg/night – than sodium oxybate at the recommended dosage range of 6 to 9 grams.1
The company plans to launch Xywav by the end of the year following Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) implementation. Jazz is committed to ensuring access to our medicines and will work to secure the broadest access possible for appropriate patients.
The FDA approval of Xywav is based on a global Phase 3 double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized-withdrawal, multicenter study that demonstrated the efficacy and safety of Xywav in the treatment of cataplexy and EDS in patients with narcolepsy. In the study, which enrolled 201 patients, Xywav demonstrated highly statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) in weekly number of cataplexy attacks and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores compared to placebo.3
Multiple Xywav dosing options are available for adult and pediatric patients. Prescribers can titrate Xywav into unequal doses taken over the course of the night. When patients start Xywav after sodium oxybate, Xywav treatment is initiated at the same dose and regimen as sodium oxybate (gram for gram) and titrated as needed based on efficacy and tolerability.1
"Based on the efficacy demonstrated in the clinical program, the approval of Xywav is important for people living with cataplexy or EDS associated with narcolepsy.1 Xywav makes it possible for patients to have a lower-sodium oxybate treatment option. This may help patients taking sodium oxybate better align with daily sodium intake recommendations including those by the American Heart Association,4" said Richard K. Bogan, MD, FCCP, FAASM, associate clinical professor at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine, a medical officer at SleepMed in Columbia, SC and lead investigator of the Phase 3 study. "The average American consumes too much sodium.5 Excess sodium intake has been linked with increases in blood pressure, hypertension, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease.6,7,8,9"
Sodium oxybate carries warnings about its high sodium content,10 and was previously the only product approved to treat both cataplexy and EDS in patients with narcolepsy 7 years of age and older11 and designated as a standard of care for the treatment of cataplexy and EDS by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.12 With the goal of establishing a new standard of care, Xywav was developed to provide people with narcolepsy an oxybate therapy with lower sodium, and does not carry warnings about sodium content.
Xywav has a Boxed Warning as a central nervous system depressant, and for its potential for abuse and misuse. Because of the risks of CNS depression and abuse and misuse, Xywav is available only through a restricted program under a REMS called the Xywav and Xyrem REMS Program. Most common adverse reactions in adults (≥5%) were headache, nausea, dizziness, decreased appetite, parasomnia, diarrhea, hyperhidrosis, anxiety and vomiting.1
"We have been working for nearly a decade to develop Xywav, a unique oxybate product with a significant reduction in sodium. We are proud to advance the science behind our sleep research program in order to continue making a difference for people living with narcolepsy," said Bruce Cozadd, chairman and CEO of Jazz Pharmaceuticals. "Jazz is committed to addressing unmet needs in sleep medicine, which includes our innovative and long-standing oxybate program."
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic condition with no cure and the illness burden can have a far-reaching impact on a patient's health over time.13,14,15,16 As an established leader in sleep medicine, Jazz is commited to raising awareness about narcolepsy and helping patients find strategies to manage this sleep disorder.
"Many people with narcolepsy can go years before being properly diagnosed and this can have a significant impact to their everyday life," said Julie Flygare, president and CEO of Project Sleep. "Narcolepsy is a life-long condition so it is important to have new options to help treat EDS and cataplexy."
The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) has designated Xywav as a Schedule III medicine. The DEA defines Schedule III drugs, substances, or chemicals as drugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence.17
About Xywav (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates) oral solution
Xywav, also known as JZP-258, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness in patients 7 years of age and older with narcolepsy. It is also being studied for the treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia in adult patients. Xywav is comprised of a unique composition of cations resulting in 92 percent less sodium, or approximately 1,000 to 1,500 mg/night, than sodium oxybate at the recommended dosage range of 6 to 9 grams. Xywav has the same oxybate concentration as sodium oxybate and includes a mix of calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium cations. While the exact mechanism of action of Xywav is unknown, it is hypothesized that the therapeutic effects of Xywav on cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness are mediated through GABAB actions during sleep at noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurons, as well as at thalamocortical neurons.1
Important Safety Information
WARNING: Taking Xywav with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants such as medicines used to make you or your child fall asleep, including opioid analgesics, benzodiazepines, sedating antidepressants, antipsychotics, sedating anti-epileptic medicines, general anesthetics, muscle relaxants, alcohol, or street drugs, may cause serious medical problems, including trouble breathing (respiratory depression), low blood pressure (hypotension), changes in alertness (drowsiness), fainting (syncope), and death.
The active ingredient of Xywav is a form of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Abuse or misuse of illegal GHB alone or with other drugs that cause changes in alertness (or consciousness) has caused serious side effects. These effects include seizures, trouble breathing (respiratory depression), changes in alertness (drowsiness), coma, and death. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has any of these serious side effects.
Because of these risks, you have to go through the Xywav and XYREM REMS Program to have your or your child's prescription for Xywav filled.
Do not take Xywav if you take or your child takes other sleep medicines or sedatives (medicines that cause sleepiness), drinks alcohol, or has a rare problem called succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency.
Keep Xywav in a safe place to prevent abuse and misuse. Selling or giving away Xywav may harm others, and is against the law. Tell your doctor if you have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines, or street drugs.
Anyone who takes Xywav should not do anything that requires them to be fully awake or is dangerous, including driving a car, using heavy machinery, or flying an airplane, for at least 6 hours after taking Xywav. Those activities should not be done until you know how Xywav affects you or your child.
Xywav can cause serious side effects, including the following:
· Breathing problems, including slower breathing, trouble breathing, and/or short periods of not breathing while sleeping (sleep apnea). People who already have breathing or lung problems have a higher chance of having breathing problems when they use Xywav.
· Mental health problems, including confusion, seeing or hearing things that are not real (hallucinations), unusual or disturbing thoughts (abnormal thinking), feeling anxious or upset, depression, thoughts of killing yourself or trying to kill yourself, increased tiredness, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, or difficulty concentrating. Tell your doctor if you or your child have or had depression or have tried to harm yourself or themselves.
· Call your doctor right away if you have or your child has symptoms of mental health problems or a change in weight or appetite.
· Sleepwalking. Sleepwalking can cause injuries. Call your doctor if you or your child starts sleepwalking. Your doctor should check you or your child.
· The most common side effects of Xywav in adults include headache, nausea, dizziness, decreased appetite, parasomnia (a sleep disorder that can include abnormal dreams, abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, sleep paralysis, sleep talking, sleep terror, sleep-related eating disorder, sleep walking, and other abnormal sleep-related events), diarrhea, excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis), anxiety and vomiting.
The most common side effects of Xywav in children include bedwetting, nausea, headache, vomiting, weight decrease, decreased appetite, and dizziness.
Xywav can cause physical dependence and craving for the medicine when it is not taken as directed. These are not all the possible side effects of Xywav.
About Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a chronic, debilitating neurological disorder characterized by EDS and the inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally.2,15,18 It affects an estimated one in 2,000 people in the United States, with symptoms typically appearing in childhood or adolescence.19,20,21 Studies have shown it may take 10 years or more for people with narcolepsy to receive a diagnosis.22,23 There are five main symptoms of narcolepsy, including EDS, cataplexy, disrupted nighttime sleep, sleep-related hallucinations, and sleep paralysis.24 While all people with narcolepsy experience EDS, not all individuals with narcolepsy experience all five symptoms.15,23 EDS is the primary symptom of narcolepsy and is present in all people with the disorder.21,25 EDS is characterized by the inability to stay awake and alert during the day resulting in drowsiness and unplanned lapses into sleep.19,21,22 Narcolepsy is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.13,14,26,27
About CataplexyCataplexy, the most specific symptom of narcolepsy, is the sudden, generally brief (<2 minutes) loss of muscle tone with retained consciousness. It is usually triggered by strong emotions, such as laughter, surprise, or anger.19,21 Although many emotions can potentially trigger cataplexy, those associated with mirth are usually the most potent.21 Cataplexy occurs in about 70 percent of people with narcolepsy.29 Presentation differs widely among people with narcolepsy, ranging from sporadic partial attacks triggered by laughter to frequent complete collapse brought about by a variety of emotions.19,21 Complete collapse is less common.19,21 More commonly, episodes of cataplexy involve only certain muscle groups, such as arms and legs (e.g., knees buckling), the head and neck (e.g., head dropping), or the face and jaw (e.g., sagging, slurred speech, eyelid drooping).19,21,28,29