通用中文 | 西诺巴米片 | 通用外文 | Cenobamate |
品牌中文 | 品牌外文 | Xcopri | |
其他名称 | |||
公司 | SK Life(SK Life) | 产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 100mg | 包装 | 30片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 片剂 口服 | 储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 发作性癫痫 |
通用中文 | 西诺巴米片 |
通用外文 | Cenobamate |
品牌中文 | |
品牌外文 | Xcopri |
其他名称 | |
公司 | SK Life(SK Life) |
产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 100mg |
包装 | 30片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 片剂 口服 |
储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 发作性癫痫 |
Xcopri(cenobamate)是一种钠离子通道阻断剂,用于治疗成人部分发作性癫痫,它的活性药物成分为cenobamate,属于γ-氨基丁酸(GABAA)离子通道的正变构调节剂,也可以抑制大脑的异常放电,对成人部分发作性癫痫效果显著。
美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)已批准森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)片剂,用于成人治疗部分发作性癫痫。在2项充分且控制良好的临床研究中,Xcopri显著降低了部分发作性癫痫的发作频率,并且在维持期内高达20%的患者实现零癫痫发作。
该药有5种剂量强度,每日一次服药:12.5mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、200mg。用药方面,Xcopri应以12.5mg开始,每日一次,每2周滴定一次。在经过药物调整期后,推荐的维持剂量为200毫克/天,但一些患者可能需要调整为400毫克/天,这是最大的推荐剂量。Xcopri可与其他抗癫痫药物联合使用或单独使用。
【生产企业】:美国SK生命科学(SK Life Sciences)公司
【规格】:12.5毫克;25毫克;50mg;100mg;150mg;200mg
【商标】:Xcopri
【中文名】:森巴考特
【英文名称】:cenobamate tablets
【性状】:薄膜包衣片,不同规格的其外形和颜色也有差异。其中12.5毫克的为未包衣的圆形白色至灰白色片;25毫克的为薄膜包衣的圆形棕色片;50mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形黄色片;100mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形棕色片;150mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形浅橙色片;200mg的为薄膜包衣的改性椭圆形浅橙色片。
【贮藏】:20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F);将药物放在儿童和宠物接触不到的地方。
【森巴考特Xcopri适应证和用途】
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)是一种处方药,用于治疗成人部分发作性癫痫,目前不知道Xcopri(cenobamate)在儿童中是否安全有效。
【森巴考特Xcopri剂量和给药方法】
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)在进食或者没有进食的情况下都可以服用,用水送服,不要咀嚼。
一、一般剂量建议
单一疗法和辅助疗法
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)每天口服一次,表1列出了建议的剂量,由于可能发生严重的不良反应,因此不要超过推荐剂量。
表1:成人部分发作性癫痫的推荐剂量
初始剂量
第1周和第2周 每天一次;12.5毫克
逐渐增量方案
第3周和第4周 每天一次;25毫克
第5周和第6周 每天一次;50毫克
第7周和第8周 每天一次;100毫克
第9周和第10周 每天一次;150毫克
维持剂量
第11周及其后 每天一次;200毫克
最大用量
如果根据临床反应和耐受性需要,剂量可以增加至200 mg以上,每两周增加50 mg,直至400 mg。 每天一次;400毫克
二、肝功能不全患者的剂量调整
对于轻度至中度(肝功能评估为5-9分)的肝功能不全患者,最大推荐剂量为每天一次;200 mg。对于严重肝功能不全的患者不建议使用Xcopri(cenobamate)。
三、森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)如何停用
在没有咨询医生之前,不要自行停止服药,突然停止用药可能会导致严重的问题,包括无法停止的癫痫发作(癫痫持续状态)。如果需要停药,则应在至少2周内逐渐减少剂量。
【森巴考特Xcopri禁忌证】
一、对森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)中的任何成分过敏者。有关成分的完整列表,请参见本使用说明的末尾。
二、患有影响心脏电系统的遗传问题(称为家族性短QT综合征)。
【森巴考特Xcopri不良反应】
不良反应详细信息见“警告和注意事项”小节:
(1)嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)/多器官超敏反应
(2)心电图QT间期缩短
(3)自杀行为倾向
(4)神经系统不良反应
(5)停用抗癫痫药
【森巴考特Xcopri警告和注意事项】
一、嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)/多器官超敏反应的药物反应
服用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate) 的患者中有些出现了嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)的不良反应,也称为多器官超敏反应,通常表现为发烧,皮疹,淋巴结肿大和/或面部肿胀,以及其他器官系统疾病,例如肝炎,肾炎,血液学异常,心肌炎或有时类似于急性病毒感染的肌炎。一般来说药物剂量增加过快时会发生DRESS,但并不意味着较慢的增量就可以防止发生DRESS。应该按照推荐剂量服用,从每天12.5 mg开始,每两周增量一次。另外需要注意的是,即使皮疹不明显,也可能出现过敏反应,例如发烧或淋巴结肿大。如果出现此类症状,应立即就医,如果确实是Xcopri(cenobamate)引起的,应该立即停止使用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)。
二、QT间期缩短
研究发现服用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)会缩短QT间期,如果本来就存在家族性短QT综合征,则会增加猝死和室性心律失常的风险,特别是心室纤颤。所以家族性短QT综合征的患者不能使用Xcopri(cenobamate)。Xcopri(cenobamate)和其他缩短QT间期的药物一起使用时应谨慎,因为可能会增加QT间期缩短的风险。
三、自杀行为和倾向
包括Xcopri(cenobamate)在内的抗癫痫药(AED)会增加自杀的风险,因此应监测患者的自杀念头或行为和/或情绪或行为的任何异常变化。
四、神经系统不良反应
1、嗜睡和疲劳
Xcopri(cenobamate)会引起嗜睡和与劳相关的不良反应(嗜睡,疲劳,乏力,乏力,失眠,镇静和嗜睡),且随着剂量增加。
2、头晕和干扰步态和动作协调
Xcopri(cenobamate)会引起与头晕和步态和协调障碍有关的不良反应(头晕,眩晕,平衡障碍,共济失调,眼球震颤,步态障碍和异常协调)。
3、认知功能障碍
Xcopri(cenobamate)引起与认知功能障碍相关事件相关的不良反应(例如,记忆障碍,注意力障碍,健忘症,精神错乱状态,失语症,言语障碍,思维迟钝,迷失方向和精神运动发育迟缓)。
4、视觉变化
Xcopri(cenobamate)引起与视力变化有关的不良反应,包括重影,视力模糊和视力障碍。
5、风险改善
医生应劝告患者不要进行需要精神集中的危险活动,例如驾驶汽车或危险机械。当Xcopri(cenobamate)与其他具有镇静作用的药物一起使用时,由于潜在的累加作用,应仔细观察患者的中枢神经系统(CNS)抑郁症迹象,例如嗜睡和镇静作用。
五、停用抗癫痫药
与大多数抗癫痫药一样,由于癫痫发作频率和癫痫持续状态增加的风险,一般应逐渐停用Xcopri(cenobamate)。但是,如果由于严重的不良事件需要停药,可以考虑快速停药。
【森巴考特Xcopri在特殊人群中使用】
一、怀孕
使用Xcopri|cenobamate的孕妇可以通过拨打免费电话1-888-233-2334或访问http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/来加入北美抗癫痫药物(NAAED)怀孕登记系统。
风险总结
目前没有足够的数据表明孕妇使用Xcopri|cenobamate有相关的发育风险。但在动物研究中,在妊娠期间或整个妊娠期间和哺乳期服用Xcopri|cenobamate会对发育产生不良影响(增加胚胎胎儿死亡率,降低胎儿和后代体重,后代的神经行为和生殖功能受损)。
二、哺乳期
三、目前没有发现母乳中存在Xcopri|cenobamate,应该综合考虑母亲对药物的需要以及药物对婴儿的潜在不良影响,来决定是否使用Xcopri|cenobamate。
三、有生殖潜力的男性和女性
使用其他或替代的非激素避孕方法。
四、小儿用药
儿科患者的安全性和有效性尚未确定。
五、老人用药
Xcopri(cenobamate)的临床研究并未包括足够多的65岁及以上的患者来确定Xcopri(cenobamate)在老年人群中的安全性和有效性。通常,老年患者的剂量选择应谨慎,通常从给药范围的低端开始。
六、肾功能不全
Xcopri(cenobamate)应谨慎使用,轻度至中度肾功能不全(CLcr低于30 mL / min)和重度肾功能不全(CLcr低于30 mL / min)患者应考虑减少剂量。如果患者正在接受透析,不建议使用。
九、肝功能不全
应谨慎使用,对于轻度至中度(肝功能评估为5-9分;A或B级)肝功能不全的患者。在这些患者中,最大推荐剂量是每天一次200 mg,并且可以考虑减少其他剂量,不建议严重肝功能不全的患者使用。
【森巴考特Xcopri药物过量】
过量使用Xcopri|cenobamate在人体内的临床经验有限。目前没有针对Xcopri|cenobamate过量服用的特定解毒剂。如果发生药物过量,应确保足够的氧气供应和通风;建议监测心率,心律和生命体征。尽快联系经认证的毒物控制中心,以获取有关Xcopri|cenobamate过量处理的最新信息。目前没有关于使用透析去除Xcopri|cenobamate的数据。
【森巴考特Xcopri作用机制】
Cenobamate对部分发作型癫痫患者发挥治疗作用的确切机制尚不清楚。已经证明,Cenobamate可通过抑制电压门控钠电流来减少重复性神经元放电,它也是γ-氨基丁酸(GABA A)离子通道的正变构调节剂。
【森巴考特Xcopri患者咨询资料】
一、告知患者可能会发生严重或危及生命的过敏反应,可能会影响器官和身体其他部位,例如肝脏或血细胞。这些类型的反应可能有皮疹,也可能没有皮疹。如果有以下任何情况,请立即就医:面部,眼睛,嘴唇或舌头肿胀;;口腔或眼睛周围疼痛的疮;吞咽或呼吸困难;皮肤或眼睛发黄;皮疹;不寻常的瘀伤或出血;麻疹;严重疲劳或无力;发烧,腺体肿胀或喉咙痛没有消失或消失;严重的肌肉疼痛;频繁感染。
二、告知患者像其他抗癫痫药一样,Xcopri(cenobamate)可能会在极少数的人中引起自杀念头或行动。如果有以下任何症状,请立即就医:关于自杀或死亡的想法;睡眠困难(失眠);企图自杀;烦躁不安;新的或更严重的抑郁症;表现出攻击性,生气或暴力;新的或更严重的焦虑;采取危险的冲动;感到烦躁或不安;活动和谈话急剧增加(躁狂);惊恐发作;行为或情绪上的其他异常变化。
三、告知患者不要自行停止服用Xcopri(cenobamate),突然停止服用癫痫药可能会导致癫痫发作无法停止(癫痫持续状态)。
四、告知患者Xcopri(cenobamate)它可能被滥用或导致依赖。将Xcopri(cenobamate)放在安全的地方,以防止滥用和滥用。告诉您的医生您是否曾经滥用或依赖酒精,处方药或毒品。出售或赠送Xcopri(cenobamate)可能会伤害他人并违反法律。
【森巴考特Xcopri|cenobamate药物成分】
活性成分:cenobamate
非活性成分:胶体二氧化硅,乳糖一水合物,硬脂酸镁,微晶纤维素和羟乙酸淀粉钠和以下指定的薄膜包衣剂:
12.5毫克片剂未包衣,不含薄膜包衣剂。
25毫克和100毫克片剂:着色剂FD&C蓝色#2 /靛红色胭脂红铝色淀,氧化铁红,氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,经聚乙烯醇部分水解的滑石粉和二氧化钛。
50毫克片剂:氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,部分水解的聚乙烯醇,滑石粉和二氧化钛。
150毫克和200毫克片剂:氧化铁红,氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,水解的聚乙烯醇,滑石粉和二氧化钛
Xcopri(cenobamate)是一种钠离子通道阻断剂,用于治疗成人部分发作性癫痫,它的活性药物成分为cenobamate,属于γ-氨基丁酸(GABAA)离子通道的正变构调节剂,也可以抑制大脑的异常放电,对成人部分发作性癫痫效果显著。
美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)已批准森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)片剂,用于成人治疗部分发作性癫痫。在2项充分且控制良好的临床研究中,Xcopri显著降低了部分发作性癫痫的发作频率,并且在维持期内高达20%的患者实现零癫痫发作。
该药有5种剂量强度,每日一次服药:12.5mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、200mg。用药方面,Xcopri应以12.5mg开始,每日一次,每2周滴定一次。在经过药物调整期后,推荐的维持剂量为200毫克/天,但一些患者可能需要调整为400毫克/天,这是最大的推荐剂量。Xcopri可与其他抗癫痫药物联合使用或单独使用。
【生产企业】:美国SK生命科学(SK Life Sciences)公司
【规格】:12.5毫克;25毫克;50mg;100mg;150mg;200mg
【商标】:Xcopri
【中文名】:森巴考特
【英文名称】:cenobamate tablets
【性状】:薄膜包衣片,不同规格的其外形和颜色也有差异。其中12.5毫克的为未包衣的圆形白色至灰白色片;25毫克的为薄膜包衣的圆形棕色片;50mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形黄色片;100mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形棕色片;150mg的为薄膜包衣的圆形浅橙色片;200mg的为薄膜包衣的改性椭圆形浅橙色片。
【贮藏】:20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F);将药物放在儿童和宠物接触不到的地方。
【森巴考特Xcopri适应证和用途】
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)是一种处方药,用于治疗成人部分发作性癫痫,目前不知道Xcopri(cenobamate)在儿童中是否安全有效。
【森巴考特Xcopri剂量和给药方法】
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)在进食或者没有进食的情况下都可以服用,用水送服,不要咀嚼。
一、一般剂量建议
单一疗法和辅助疗法
森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)每天口服一次,表1列出了建议的剂量,由于可能发生严重的不良反应,因此不要超过推荐剂量。
表1:成人部分发作性癫痫的推荐剂量
初始剂量
第1周和第2周 每天一次;12.5毫克
逐渐增量方案
第3周和第4周 每天一次;25毫克
第5周和第6周 每天一次;50毫克
第7周和第8周 每天一次;100毫克
第9周和第10周 每天一次;150毫克
维持剂量
第11周及其后 每天一次;200毫克
最大用量
如果根据临床反应和耐受性需要,剂量可以增加至200 mg以上,每两周增加50 mg,直至400 mg。 每天一次;400毫克
二、肝功能不全患者的剂量调整
对于轻度至中度(肝功能评估为5-9分)的肝功能不全患者,最大推荐剂量为每天一次;200 mg。对于严重肝功能不全的患者不建议使用Xcopri(cenobamate)。
三、森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)如何停用
在没有咨询医生之前,不要自行停止服药,突然停止用药可能会导致严重的问题,包括无法停止的癫痫发作(癫痫持续状态)。如果需要停药,则应在至少2周内逐渐减少剂量。
【森巴考特Xcopri禁忌证】
一、对森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)中的任何成分过敏者。有关成分的完整列表,请参见本使用说明的末尾。
二、患有影响心脏电系统的遗传问题(称为家族性短QT综合征)。
【森巴考特Xcopri不良反应】
不良反应详细信息见“警告和注意事项”小节:
(1)嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)/多器官超敏反应
(2)心电图QT间期缩短
(3)自杀行为倾向
(4)神经系统不良反应
(5)停用抗癫痫药
【森巴考特Xcopri警告和注意事项】
一、嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)/多器官超敏反应的药物反应
服用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate) 的患者中有些出现了嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状(DRESS)的不良反应,也称为多器官超敏反应,通常表现为发烧,皮疹,淋巴结肿大和/或面部肿胀,以及其他器官系统疾病,例如肝炎,肾炎,血液学异常,心肌炎或有时类似于急性病毒感染的肌炎。一般来说药物剂量增加过快时会发生DRESS,但并不意味着较慢的增量就可以防止发生DRESS。应该按照推荐剂量服用,从每天12.5 mg开始,每两周增量一次。另外需要注意的是,即使皮疹不明显,也可能出现过敏反应,例如发烧或淋巴结肿大。如果出现此类症状,应立即就医,如果确实是Xcopri(cenobamate)引起的,应该立即停止使用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)。
二、QT间期缩短
研究发现服用森巴考特Xcopri(cenobamate)会缩短QT间期,如果本来就存在家族性短QT综合征,则会增加猝死和室性心律失常的风险,特别是心室纤颤。所以家族性短QT综合征的患者不能使用Xcopri(cenobamate)。Xcopri(cenobamate)和其他缩短QT间期的药物一起使用时应谨慎,因为可能会增加QT间期缩短的风险。
三、自杀行为和倾向
包括Xcopri(cenobamate)在内的抗癫痫药(AED)会增加自杀的风险,因此应监测患者的自杀念头或行为和/或情绪或行为的任何异常变化。
四、神经系统不良反应
1、嗜睡和疲劳
Xcopri(cenobamate)会引起嗜睡和与劳相关的不良反应(嗜睡,疲劳,乏力,乏力,失眠,镇静和嗜睡),且随着剂量增加。
2、头晕和干扰步态和动作协调
Xcopri(cenobamate)会引起与头晕和步态和协调障碍有关的不良反应(头晕,眩晕,平衡障碍,共济失调,眼球震颤,步态障碍和异常协调)。
3、认知功能障碍
Xcopri(cenobamate)引起与认知功能障碍相关事件相关的不良反应(例如,记忆障碍,注意力障碍,健忘症,精神错乱状态,失语症,言语障碍,思维迟钝,迷失方向和精神运动发育迟缓)。
4、视觉变化
Xcopri(cenobamate)引起与视力变化有关的不良反应,包括重影,视力模糊和视力障碍。
5、风险改善
医生应劝告患者不要进行需要精神集中的危险活动,例如驾驶汽车或危险机械。当Xcopri(cenobamate)与其他具有镇静作用的药物一起使用时,由于潜在的累加作用,应仔细观察患者的中枢神经系统(CNS)抑郁症迹象,例如嗜睡和镇静作用。
五、停用抗癫痫药
与大多数抗癫痫药一样,由于癫痫发作频率和癫痫持续状态增加的风险,一般应逐渐停用Xcopri(cenobamate)。但是,如果由于严重的不良事件需要停药,可以考虑快速停药。
【森巴考特Xcopri在特殊人群中使用】
一、怀孕
使用Xcopri|cenobamate的孕妇可以通过拨打免费电话1-888-233-2334或访问http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/来加入北美抗癫痫药物(NAAED)怀孕登记系统。
风险总结
目前没有足够的数据表明孕妇使用Xcopri|cenobamate有相关的发育风险。但在动物研究中,在妊娠期间或整个妊娠期间和哺乳期服用Xcopri|cenobamate会对发育产生不良影响(增加胚胎胎儿死亡率,降低胎儿和后代体重,后代的神经行为和生殖功能受损)。
二、哺乳期
三、目前没有发现母乳中存在Xcopri|cenobamate,应该综合考虑母亲对药物的需要以及药物对婴儿的潜在不良影响,来决定是否使用Xcopri|cenobamate。
三、有生殖潜力的男性和女性
使用其他或替代的非激素避孕方法。
四、小儿用药
儿科患者的安全性和有效性尚未确定。
五、老人用药
Xcopri(cenobamate)的临床研究并未包括足够多的65岁及以上的患者来确定Xcopri(cenobamate)在老年人群中的安全性和有效性。通常,老年患者的剂量选择应谨慎,通常从给药范围的低端开始。
六、肾功能不全
Xcopri(cenobamate)应谨慎使用,轻度至中度肾功能不全(CLcr低于30 mL / min)和重度肾功能不全(CLcr低于30 mL / min)患者应考虑减少剂量。如果患者正在接受透析,不建议使用。
九、肝功能不全
应谨慎使用,对于轻度至中度(肝功能评估为5-9分;A或B级)肝功能不全的患者。在这些患者中,最大推荐剂量是每天一次200 mg,并且可以考虑减少其他剂量,不建议严重肝功能不全的患者使用。
【森巴考特Xcopri药物过量】
过量使用Xcopri|cenobamate在人体内的临床经验有限。目前没有针对Xcopri|cenobamate过量服用的特定解毒剂。如果发生药物过量,应确保足够的氧气供应和通风;建议监测心率,心律和生命体征。尽快联系经认证的毒物控制中心,以获取有关Xcopri|cenobamate过量处理的最新信息。目前没有关于使用透析去除Xcopri|cenobamate的数据。
【森巴考特Xcopri作用机制】
Cenobamate对部分发作型癫痫患者发挥治疗作用的确切机制尚不清楚。已经证明,Cenobamate可通过抑制电压门控钠电流来减少重复性神经元放电,它也是γ-氨基丁酸(GABA A)离子通道的正变构调节剂。
【森巴考特Xcopri患者咨询资料】
一、告知患者可能会发生严重或危及生命的过敏反应,可能会影响器官和身体其他部位,例如肝脏或血细胞。这些类型的反应可能有皮疹,也可能没有皮疹。如果有以下任何情况,请立即就医:面部,眼睛,嘴唇或舌头肿胀;;口腔或眼睛周围疼痛的疮;吞咽或呼吸困难;皮肤或眼睛发黄;皮疹;不寻常的瘀伤或出血;麻疹;严重疲劳或无力;发烧,腺体肿胀或喉咙痛没有消失或消失;严重的肌肉疼痛;频繁感染。
二、告知患者像其他抗癫痫药一样,Xcopri(cenobamate)可能会在极少数的人中引起自杀念头或行动。如果有以下任何症状,请立即就医:关于自杀或死亡的想法;睡眠困难(失眠);企图自杀;烦躁不安;新的或更严重的抑郁症;表现出攻击性,生气或暴力;新的或更严重的焦虑;采取危险的冲动;感到烦躁或不安;活动和谈话急剧增加(躁狂);惊恐发作;行为或情绪上的其他异常变化。
三、告知患者不要自行停止服用Xcopri(cenobamate),突然停止服用癫痫药可能会导致癫痫发作无法停止(癫痫持续状态)。
四、告知患者Xcopri(cenobamate)它可能被滥用或导致依赖。将Xcopri(cenobamate)放在安全的地方,以防止滥用和滥用。告诉您的医生您是否曾经滥用或依赖酒精,处方药或毒品。出售或赠送Xcopri(cenobamate)可能会伤害他人并违反法律。
【森巴考特Xcopri|cenobamate药物成分】
活性成分:cenobamate
非活性成分:胶体二氧化硅,乳糖一水合物,硬脂酸镁,微晶纤维素和羟乙酸淀粉钠和以下指定的薄膜包衣剂:
12.5毫克片剂未包衣,不含薄膜包衣剂。
25毫克和100毫克片剂:着色剂FD&C蓝色#2 /靛红色胭脂红铝色淀,氧化铁红,氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,经聚乙烯醇部分水解的滑石粉和二氧化钛。
50毫克片剂:氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,部分水解的聚乙烯醇,滑石粉和二氧化钛。
150毫克和200毫克片剂:氧化铁红,氧化铁黄,聚乙二醇3350,水解的聚乙烯醇,滑石粉和二氧化钛
Company: SK Life Science, Inc.
Date of Approval: November 21, 2019
Treatment for: Seizures
Xcopri (cenobamate) is a sodium channel blocker for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in adult patients.
PANGYO, South Korea and PARAMUS, N.J., Nov. 21, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- SK Biopharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., an innovative global pharmaceutical company focused on developing and bringing treatments to market for central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and its U.S. subsidiary SK Life Science, Inc. announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Xcopri (cenobamate tablets) as a treatment for partial-onset seizures in adults.
"The approval of Xcopri will provide clinicians with an effective medication for our patients who are continuing to have focal (partial-onset) seizures," said Michael Sperling, MD, Professor of Neurology and Director of the Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center at the Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience – Jefferson Health in Philadelphia, and an investigator in the Xcopri clinical development program. "It is very encouraging to see that patients receiving Xcopri saw significant reductions in frequency of seizures, with some even achieving zero seizures."
The approval is based on results from two global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies and a large, global, multi-center, open-label safety study that enrolled adults with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures, taking one to three concomitant anti-epileptic drug (AEDs). In the randomized studies (Study 013 and Study 017), Xcopri demonstrated significant reductions in seizure frequency compared to placebo at all doses studied.
"Approximately 3 million adults live with epilepsy in the U.S. and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 60% reported having seizures, even if they took an AED," said Beth Lewin Dean, Chief Executive Officer of Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (CURE). "There is an urgent need to advance research and introduce new treatment options. The FDA approval of Xcopri for the treatment of partial-onset seizures is a welcome option for the epilepsy community."
The approval also marks the first time a Korean company has independently brought a compound from discovery to U.S. FDA approval.
"Today's approval is a major step toward our goal of becoming a fully-integrated global pharmaceutical company that can discover, develop and deliver new treatment options in epilepsy and CNS," said Jeong Woo Cho, PhD, President and CEO of SK Biopharmaceuticals and SK life science. "We are grateful to the thousands of participants in our trials, clinical investigators, partners in the epilepsy community and our employees for their important contributions in bringing forward this treatment option for adults with partial-onset seizures."
In Study 013, which included a 6-week titration phase followed by a 6-week maintenance phase, a statistically significant 56% reduction in median seizure frequency was seen with Xcopri 200 mg/day (n=113) versus a 22% reduction with placebo (n=108). In Study 017, which included a 6-week titration phase followed by a 12-week maintenance phase, patients randomized to Xcopri 100 mg/day (n=108), 200 mg/day (n=109) or 400 mg/day (n=111) had statistically significant 36%, 55% and 55% reductions in median seizure frequency, respectively, versus a 24% reduction with placebo (n=106). During the maintenance phase of Study 013, a post-hoc analysis showed that 28% of patients receiving Xcopri had zero seizures, compared with 9% of placebo patients. During the maintenance phase of Study 017, 4% of patients in the Xcopri 100 mg/day group, 11% of patients in the Xcopri 200 mg/day group, 21% of patients in the Xcopri 400 mg/day group and 1% of patients in the placebo group reported zero seizures.
Serious reactions associated with Xcopri include drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), QT shortening, suicidal behavior and ideation, and neurological adverse reactions. The most common (≥10% and greater than with placebo) treatment-emergent adverse events associated with Xcopri include somnolence (sleepiness), dizziness, fatigue, diplopia (double vision) and headache.
Xcopri is expected to be available in the U.S. in the second quarter of 2020, following scheduling review by the DEA, which typically occurs within 90 days of FDA approval. SK life science is committed to supporting patients taking Xcopri and will introduce a new access program to help patients get started and stay on track with their medicine.
About Xcopri (cenobamate tablets)
Xcopri was discovered and developed by SK Biopharmaceuticals and SK life science and is an FDA-approved anti-epileptic drug (AED) for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in adults. Xcopri is expected to be available in the second quarter of 2020, pending scheduling review by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). In early 2019, SK Biopharmaceuticals entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Arvelle Therapeutics GmbH to develop and commercialize Xcopri in Europe.
While the precise mechanism by which Xcopri exerts its therapeutic effect is unknown, Xcopri is believed to reduce repetitive neuronal firing by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium currents. It is also a positive allosteric modulator of the γaminobutyric acid (GABAA) ion channel.
Xcopri should be initiated at 12.5 mg once-daily and titrated every two weeks; it will be available in six tablet strengths for once-daily dosing: 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg. Xcopri can be combined with other AEDs or used alone.
Long-term safety of Xcopri has been evaluated in the ongoing open-label extensions of the randomized studies and the open-label safety study. Additional clinical trials are investigating Xcopri in other seizure types.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION AND INDICATION FOR XCOPRI
INDICATION:
Xcopri is a prescription medicine used to treat partial-onset seizures in adults 18 years of age and older. It is not known if Xcopri is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age.
DO NOT TAKE XCOPRI IF YOU:
Are allergic to cenobamate or any of the other ingredients in Xcopri.
Have a genetic problem (called Familial Short QT syndrome) that affects the electrical system of the heart.
XCOPRI CAN CAUSE SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS, INCLUDING:
Allergic reactions: Xcopri can cause serious skin rash or other serious allergic reactions which may affect organs and other parts of your body like the liver or blood cells. You may or may not have a rash with these types of reactions. Call your healthcare provider right away and go to the nearest emergency room if you have any of the following: swelling of your face, eyes, lips, or tongue, trouble swallowing or breathing, a skin rash, hives, fever, swollen glands, or sore throat that does not go away or comes and goes, painful sores in the mouth or around your eyes, yellowing of your skin or eyes, unusual bruising or bleeding, severe fatigue or weakness, severe muscle pain, frequent infections, or infections that do not go away. Take Xcopri exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. It is very important to increase your dose of Xcopri slowly, as instructed by your healthcare provider.
QT shortening: Xcopri may cause problems with the electrical system of the heart (QT shortening). Call your healthcare provider if you have symptoms of QT shortening including fast heartbeat (heart palpitations) that last a long time or fainting.
Suicidal behavior and ideation: Antiepileptic drugs, including Xcopri, may cause suicidal thoughts or actions in a very small number of people, about 1 in 500. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: thoughts about suicide or dying; attempting to commit suicide; new or worse depression, anxiety, or irritability; feeling agitated or restless; panic attacks; trouble sleeping (insomnia); acting aggressive; being angry or violent; acting on dangerous impulses; an extreme increase in activity and talking (mania); or other unusual changes in behavior or mood.
Nervous system problems: Xcopri may cause problems that affect your nervous system. Symptoms of nervous system problems include: dizziness, trouble walking or with coordination, feeling sleepy and tired, trouble concentrating, remembering, and thinking clearly, and vision problems. Do not drive, operate heavy machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how Xcopri affects you. Do not drink alcohol or take other medicines that can make you sleepy or dizzy while taking Xcopri without first talking to your healthcare provider.
DISCONTINUATION:
Do not stop taking Xcopri without first talking to your healthcare provider. Stopping Xcopri suddenly can cause serious problems. Stopping seizure medicine suddenly in a patient who has epilepsy can cause seizures that will not stop (status epilepticus).
DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Xcopri may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how Xcopri works. Do not start or stop other medicines without talking to your healthcare provider. Tell healthcare providers about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Xcopri may cause your birth control medicine to be less effective. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best birth control method to use.
Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Xcopri will harm your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant while taking Xcopri. You and your healthcare provider will decide if you should take Xcopri while you are pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking Xcopri, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry. The purpose of this registry is to collect information about the safety of antiepileptic medicine during pregnancy. You can enroll in this registry by calling 1-888-233-2334 or go to www.aedpregnancyregistry.org.
Talk to your healthcare provider if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Xcopri passes into breastmilk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby while taking Xcopri.
COMMON SIDE EFFECTS:
The most common side effects in patients taking Xcopri include dizziness, sleepiness, headache, double vision, and feeling tired.
These are not all the possible side effects of Xcopri. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.
DRUG ABUSE:
Scheduling of Xcopri is pending review by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
About Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by seizures.1 There are approximately 3 million adults in the U.S. living with epilepsy and approximately 60% have partial-onset seizures, which begin in just one part of the brain.2,3 People with epilepsy are at risk for accidents and other health complications including falling, drowning, depression and sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP).3,4 Despite the availability of many antiepileptic therapies, approximately 40% of adults with partial-onset seizures have inadequate control of their seizures, even after treatment with two anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).5
About SK Biopharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. and SK Life Science, Inc.
SK Biopharmaceuticals and its U.S. subsidiary SK life science are focused on the research, development and commercialization of treatments for disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Additionally, SK Biopharmaceuticals is focused on early research and development in oncology. Both are part of SK Group, one of the largest conglomerates in Korea.
SK Holdings continues to enhance its portfolio value by executing long-term investments with a number of competitive subsidiaries in various business areas, including pharmaceuticals and life science, energy and chemicals, information and telecommunication, and semiconductors. In addition, SK Holdings is focused on reinforcing its growth foundations through profitable and practical management based on financial stability, while raising its enterprise value by investing in new future growth businesses. For more information please visit http://hc.sk.co.kr/en/.
Currently, SK Biopharmaceuticals is conducting basic research for the development of innovative new therapies at its research center in Pangyo, Gyeonggi Province, Korea. SK life science, based in Paramus, New Jersey, is pursuing clinical development and the U.S. commercialization of XCOPRI.
The companies have a pipeline of eight compounds in development for the treatment of CNS disorders including epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, among others. For more information, visit SK Biopharmaceuticals' website at www.skbp.com/eng and SK life science's website at www.SKLifeScienceInc.com.
1. Epilepsy Foundation. What Is Epilepsy? https://www.epilepsy.com/learn/about-epilepsy-basics/what-epilepsy. Accessed November 2019.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Active Epilepsy and Seizure Control in Adults — United States, 2013 and 2015. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6715a1.htm?s_cid=mm6715a1. Accessed November 2019.
3. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. The Epilepsies and Seizures: Hope through Research. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Epilepsies-and-Seizures-Hope-Through#3109_9. Accessed November 2019.
4. Epilepsy Foundation. Staying Safe. https://www.epilepsy.com/learn/seizure-first-aid-and-safety/staying-safe. Accessed November 2019.
5. Chen Z, Brodie MJ, Liew D, Kwan P. Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy Treated With Established And New Antiepileptic Drugs: A 30-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29279892. Published online December 26, 2017.
SOURCE SK Life Science, Inc.
Posted: November 2019