通用中文 | 鲁曲波帕 | 通用外文 | Lusutrombopag |
品牌中文 | 品牌外文 | Mulpleta | |
其他名称 | 英国品牌名称Mulpleo | ||
公司 | 盐野义(shionogi) | 产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 3mg | 包装 | 7片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 片剂 口服 | 储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 用于治疗计划接受手术的成人慢性肝病(CLD)患者的血小板减少症 |
通用中文 | 鲁曲波帕 |
通用外文 | Lusutrombopag |
品牌中文 | |
品牌外文 | Mulpleta |
其他名称 | 英国品牌名称Mulpleo |
公司 | 盐野义(shionogi) |
产地 | 美国(USA) |
含量 | 3mg |
包装 | 7片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 片剂 口服 |
储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 用于治疗计划接受手术的成人慢性肝病(CLD)患者的血小板减少症 |
美国FDA宣布批准Shionogi的新药Mulpleta(lusutrombopag)上市,用于治疗计划接受医疗或牙科手术的慢性肝病成人患者的血小板减少症。在此之前,Mulpleta已在2015年被日本厚生劳动省的批准用于改善计划进行侵入性手术的慢性肝 脏疾病患者的血小板减少症。
血小板可以通过在血管中形成血凝块来防止出血,当患者的血小板数有中度或重度减少时,可能会发生严重甚至危及生命的出血,特别是在实施侵入性手术过程中。
批准日期:2018年8月1日 公司:盐野义制药
Mulpleta(艾曲波帕[lusutrombopag])片,供口服使用
美国初次批准:2018年
作用机理
Lusutrombopag是一种口服生物可利用的小分子TPO受体激动剂,可与巨核细胞上表达的人类TPO受体的跨膜结构域相互作用,以诱导造血干细胞增殖和分化巨核细胞祖细胞,并诱导巨核细胞成熟。
适应症和用途
MULPLETA是一种血小板生成素受体激动剂,适用于计划进行手术的慢性肝病成年患者的血小板减少症治疗。
剂量和给药
在预定程序开始前8-14天开始服用MULPLETA。
患者应在最后一次服药后2-8天接受手术。
建议剂量:每天一次口服3毫克,或不加食物,连续7天。
剂量形式和强度
片剂:3mg。
禁忌症
没有。
警告和注意事项
血栓/血栓栓塞并发症:MULPLETA是一种血小板生成素(TPO)受体激动剂,而TPO受体激动剂已与慢性肝病患者的血栓和血栓栓塞并发症相关。监测血小板计数和血栓栓塞事件并立即制定治疗方案。
不良反应
最常见的不良反应(3%):头痛。
要报告可疑的不良反应,请致电1-800-849-9707与Shionogi Inc.或致电1-800-FDA-1088或FDA联系www.fda.gov/medwatch。
在特定人群中的使用
哺乳期:不建议在治疗期间母乳喂养。
包装供应/存储和处理方式
MULPLETA以3毫克Lusutrombopag片剂的形式提供,在儿童抗性泡罩包装中包含7片NDC 59630-551-07。
将MULPLETA以原包装存放在20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F)的温度下; 允许在15°C到30°C(59°F到86°F)之间进行偏移[请参阅USP控制的室温]。
美国FDA宣布批准Shionogi的新药Mulpleta(lusutrombopag)上市,用于治疗计划接受医疗或牙科手术的慢性肝病成人患者的血小板减少症。在此之前,Mulpleta已在2015年被日本厚生劳动省的批准用于改善计划进行侵入性手术的慢性肝 脏疾病患者的血小板减少症。
血小板可以通过在血管中形成血凝块来防止出血,当患者的血小板数有中度或重度减少时,可能会发生严重甚至危及生命的出血,特别是在实施侵入性手术过程中。
批准日期:2018年8月1日 公司:盐野义制药
Mulpleta(艾曲波帕[lusutrombopag])片,供口服使用
美国初次批准:2018年
作用机理
Lusutrombopag是一种口服生物可利用的小分子TPO受体激动剂,可与巨核细胞上表达的人类TPO受体的跨膜结构域相互作用,以诱导造血干细胞增殖和分化巨核细胞祖细胞,并诱导巨核细胞成熟。
适应症和用途
MULPLETA是一种血小板生成素受体激动剂,适用于计划进行手术的慢性肝病成年患者的血小板减少症治疗。
剂量和给药
在预定程序开始前8-14天开始服用MULPLETA。
患者应在最后一次服药后2-8天接受手术。
建议剂量:每天一次口服3毫克,或不加食物,连续7天。
剂量形式和强度
片剂:3mg。
禁忌症
没有。
警告和注意事项
血栓/血栓栓塞并发症:MULPLETA是一种血小板生成素(TPO)受体激动剂,而TPO受体激动剂已与慢性肝病患者的血栓和血栓栓塞并发症相关。监测血小板计数和血栓栓塞事件并立即制定治疗方案。
不良反应
最常见的不良反应(3%):头痛。
要报告可疑的不良反应,请致电1-800-849-9707与Shionogi Inc.或致电1-800-FDA-1088或FDA联系www.fda.gov/medwatch。
在特定人群中的使用
哺乳期:不建议在治疗期间母乳喂养。
包装供应/存储和处理方式
MULPLETA以3毫克Lusutrombopag片剂的形式提供,在儿童抗性泡罩包装中包含7片NDC 59630-551-07。
将MULPLETA以原包装存放在20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F)的温度下; 允许在15°C到30°C(59°F到86°F)之间进行偏移[请参阅USP控制的室温]。
ANNEX I
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
1
This medicinal product is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions. See section 4.8 for how to report adverse reactions.
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Lusutrombopag Shionogi 3 mg film-coated tablets
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
Each film-coated tablet contains 3 mg of lusutrombopag.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Film-coated tablet.
Light red, 7.0 mm round film-coated tablets debossed with the Shionogi trademark above the identifier code “551” on one side and debossed on the other side with the strength “3”.
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Lusutrombopag Shionogi is indicated for the treatment of severe thrombocytopenia in adult patients with chronic liver disease undergoing invasive procedures (see section 5.1).
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Posology
The recommended dose is 3 mg lusutrombopag once daily for 7 days.
The procedure should be performed from day 9 after the start of lusutrombopag treatment. Platelet count should be measured prior to the procedure.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed it should be taken as soon as possible. A double dose should not be taken to make up for a missed dose.
Duration of treatment
Lusutrombopag Shionogi should not be taken for more than 7 days.
Special populations
Elderly patients
No dosage adjustment is necessary in patients 65 years of age or older (see section 5.2).
Renal impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with renal impairment (see section 5.2).
2
Hepatic impairment
Due to limited information available, the safety and efficacy of Lusutrombopag Shionogi in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C) have not been established (see sections 4.4 and
5.1). No dosage adjustment is expected for these patients. Lusutrombopag therapy should only be initiated in patients with severe hepatic impairment if the expected benefit outweighs the expected risks (see sections 4.4 and 5.2). No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild (Child-Pugh class A) to moderate (Child-Pugh class B) hepatic impairment.
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy of lusutrombopag in children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) have not
been established. No data are available.
Method of administration
Lusutrombopag Shionogi is for oral use. The film-coated tablet is to be taken once daily with liquid, swallowed whole and should not be chewed, divided, or crushed. It can be taken with or without food.
4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Thrombotic/thromboembolic complications
Patients with chronic liver disease have a risk of portal vein thrombosis and mesenteric vein thrombosis. The risk may be increased due to an invasive procedure. Thromboembolic and thrombotic complications are known to occur with thrombopoetin (TPO) receptor agonists based upon mechanism of action associated with increases in platelets. Caution should be exercised with respect to thromboembolic events after invasive procedures as well as post-treatment regardless of platelet counts. In patients with thrombosis or thromboembolism, with a history of thrombosis or thromboembolism, with absence of hepatopetal blood flow in the main trunk of the portal vein, or patients with congenital coagulopathy the risk for thrombosis or thromboembolism may increase. These patients should be clinically monitored when treated with lusutrombopag.
Severe hepatic impairment
There is limited information on the use of lusutrombopag in patients with severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment (see section 5.1). Lusutrombopag should only be used in such patients if the expected benefit outweighs the expected risks (see sections 4.2 and 5.2).
Due to the unstable nature of these patients, they should be supported in line with clinical practice by close monitoring for early signs of worsening or new onset hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and thrombotic or bleeding tendency, through monitoring of liver function tests, tests used for assessing clotting status and through imaging of portal vasculature as needed. In addition, although no dose adjustment is required in these subjects, platelet count should be measured at least once approximately
5 days after the first dose and as necessary thereafter. Appropriate measures such as discontinuation of lusutrombopag should be taken, if the platelet count reaches ≥50,000/µL as a result of a 20,000/µL increase from baseline.
Use in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing invasive procedures
Lusutrombopag should be used when risk for bleeding is considered to be high according to clinical laboratory test values such as platelet counts and of the coagulation-fibrinolysis system, clinical symptoms and type of invasive procedure. The efficacy and safety of lusutrombopag have not been established when administered before laparotomy, thoracotomy, open-heart surgery, craniotomy or excision of organs.
3
Retreatment
There is limited information on the use of lusutrombopag in patients previously exposed to lusutrombopag.
Use in patients with a history of splenectomy
The efficacy and safety of lusutrombopag have not been established when administered in patients with a history of splenectomy. Platelet count should be carefully monitored in patients with a history of splenectomy treated with lusutrombopag.
Co-administration with interferon preparations
Interferon preparations have been known to reduce platelet counts, therefore, this should be considered when co-administering lusutrombopag with interferon preparations.
Patients with body weight <45 Kg
There is limited information on the use of lusutrombopag in patients with body weight <45 Kg.
Platelet count should be measured at least once approximately 5 days after the first dose and as necessary thereafter. Appropriate measures such as discontinuation of lusutrombopag should be taken, if the platelet count reaches ≥50,000/µL as a result of a 20,000/µL increase from baseline.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
P-gp and BCRP inhibitors
Lusutrombopag is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP, but not a substrate of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OCT1. In the clinical drug-drug interaction study, co-administration of cyclosporine, a P-gp and BCRP dual inhibitor, increased the Cmax and AUCinf values of lusutrombopag by approximately 20%
compared with lusutrombopag administration alone. Therefore, a potential interaction with either P-gp
or BCRP inhibitors cannot be excluded, but no dose adjustment is necessary at the recommended clinical dosage of 3 mg in adults.
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Women of childbearing potential/contraception
Lusutrombopag Shionogi should be used with contraception (see sub-section Pregnancy and section
5.3).
Pregnancy
There are no or limited amount of data from the use of lusutrombopag in pregnant women. Animal studies are insufficient with respect to reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3).
Lusutrombopag is not recommended during pregnancy and in women of child-bearing potential not using contraception.
Breast-feeding
It is unknown whether lusutrombopag or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. Studies in
animals have shown lusutrombopag is secreted in the milk of lactating rats (see section 5.3).
Therefore, a risk to the breast-feeding child cannot be excluded. Lusutrombopag Shionogi should not
be administered to breast-feeding women as it was excreted in mammary milk in animals.
4
Fertility
Lusutrombopag did not affect male or female fertility in rats at doses up to 176 and 252 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC in males and females, respectively (see section 5.3).
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Lusutrombopag has no known influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
4.8 Undesirable effects
Summary of the safety profile
The most common adverse reactions were headache (4.7%, 8/171 patients in the lusutrombopag
group; 3.5%, 6/170 patients in the placebo group), nausea (2.3%, 4/171 patients in the lusutrombopag
group; 4.1%, 7/170 patients in the placebo group), portal vein thrombosis (1.2%, 2/171 patients in the lusutrombopag group; 1.2%, 2/170 patients in the placebo group) and rash (1.2%, 2/171 patients in the lusutrombopag group; 0%, 0/170 patients in the placebo group).
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
Adverse reactions with 3 mg of lusutrombopag once daily for up to 7 days in randomised, double- blind, placebo-controlled trials in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic liver disease undergoing an invasive procedure (M0626, M0631 and M0634; N=171) are listed in Table 1 by MedDRA System Organ Class.
Table 1Adverse reactions
a Category of frequency: very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10) , uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000) , and very rare (<1/10,000)
Description of selected adverse reactions
Thrombotic/thromboembolic complications
Portal vein thrombosis has been reported in Phase 3 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled
clinical studies with 3 mg of lusutrombopag once daily for up to 7 days (1.2%, 2/171 patients); the incidence was comparable to that of the placebo group (1.2%, 2/170 patients); one case of cardiac ventricular thrombosis was reported (0.6%, 1/171) in the lusutrombopag group only. In the phase 2b study one patient had portal vein thrombosis reported as a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE)
in the lusutrombopag 2 mg and 4 mg groups. One patient had mesenteric vein thrombosis reported as a
TEAE in the lusutrombopag 4 mg group; two patients had mesenteric vein thrombosis reported as a TEAE in the placebo group (see section 4.4).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting system listed in Appendix V.
5
4.9 Overdose
Overdose may induce an excessive increase of platelet counts, and it may subsequently provoke a medically susceptible state to cause thrombosis and thromboembolism. There is no specific antidote for lusutrombopag overdose. Platelet counts should be measured frequently and the condition of patients should be observed closely. Since the protein-binding rate in serum of lusutrombopag is high, haemodialysis is not thought to be effective.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antihemorrhagics, other systemic hemostatics, ATC code: B02BX07 Mechanism of action
Lusutrombopag is an orally active TPO receptor agonist. Lusutrombopag acts on the haematopoietic
stem cells and on the transmembrane domain of human TPO receptors expressed in megakaryocytes,
to stimulate the megakaryocyte to proliferate and differentiate via the similar signal transduction
pathway for up-regulating production used by endogenous TPO, thus leading to thrombocytopoiesis.
Clinical efficacy and safety
Two Phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted to evaluate lusutrombopag versus placebo in thrombocytopenic (platelet count < 50,000/µL) subjects with chronic liver disease (Child-Pugh class A and B), undergoing elective invasive procedures (excluding laparotomy, thoracotomy, craniotomy, open-heart surgery, organ resection, or partial organ resection) in Japan (M0631 (L-PLUS 1)) and multiple countries (M0634 (L-PLUS 2)). Subjects were randomised to either of 3 mg of lusutrombopag or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. Randomisation was stratified by platelet count at screening/baseline and primary invasive procedure. Study drug was administered orally for up to 7 days. On Day 5 to Day 7, the platelet count was measured before administration of study drug. Administration of study drug was stopped if the platelet count was ≥ 50,000/µL together with an increase of ≥ 20,000/µL from baseline.
Invasive procedure was performed between Days 9 and 14.
In Study M0631, 96 subjects received lusutrombopag or placebo once daily: 48 subjects in the lusutrombopag group and 48 subjects in the placebo group. Eight lusutrombopag-treated subjects and
2 placebo-treated subjects received less than 7 days of treatment as they met the criterion for a
responder prior to Day 7. Among the 48 subjects in the lusutrombopag group, 40 subjects received lusutrombopag for 7 days, 4 subjects for 6 days, 1 subject for 5 days, and 3 subjects for 4 days. Among the 48 subjects in the placebo group, 46 were treated for 7 days and 2 were treated for 4 days.
In Study M0634, 215 subjects were randomised in the study: 108 in the lusutrombopag 3 mg group
and 107 in the placebo group. One subject in the lusutrombopag group withdrew from the study prior to administration of study drug. In the lusutrombopag group, 73/107 subjects (68.2%) received the study drug for 7 days. Of the remaining subjects in the lusutrombopag group, 15, 8, and 11 subjects received study drug for 4, 5, and 6 days, respectively. In the placebo group, 94/107 subjects (87.9%) received the study drug for 7 days. Of the remaining subjects in the placebo group, 5, 4, and 4 subjects received study drug for 4, 5, and 6 days, respectively.
The primary endpoint in Study M0631 was the proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion (i.e. achieved platelet count >50,000/µL) before the primary invasive procedure. The primary endpoint in Study M0634 was the proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion (i.e. achieved platelet count >50,000/µL) before the primary invasive procedure and no rescue therapy for bleeding from randomisation through 7 days after the primary invasive procedure.
6
In order to allow an overall comparison of the results across Studies M0631 and M0634, as presented in Table 2 to Table 5, data from study M0631 was reanalysed according to the primary endpoint for study M0634. The proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion prior to the primary invasive procedure and no rescue therapy for bleeding from randomisation through 7 days after the primary invasive procedure was statistically significantly greater in the lusutrombopag group compared with placebo group for the individual study and pooled analyses (Table 2).
Table 2 Proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion and no rescue therapy
LUSU = lusutrombopag
[a] Proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion prior to the primary invasive procedure and no
rescue therapy (including platelet transfusion) for bleeding from randomisation through 7 days after the primary
invasive procedure. In addition to subjects who received platelet transfusion, subjects who did not receive an invasive procedure regardless of the reason were considered as receiving platelet transfusion.
[b] Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with baseline platelet count as stratum. In the analysis for pooled data,
study was added as a stratum. The p value and confidence interval were calculated using the Wald method.
The key secondary endpoints in Studies M0631 and M0634 were
Proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion during the study (Day 1 through Day 35)The proportion of subjects who required no platelet transfusion during the study was significantly greater in the lusutrombopag groups in the individual studies and the pooled (Studies M0631 and M0634) lusutrombopag group compared with placebo (Table 3).
Table 3Proportion of Subjects who required no platelet transfusion during the study (Day 1 through Day 35)
Day 35). In addition to subjects who received platelet transfusion, subjects who did not receive an invasive procedure regardless of the reason were considered as receiving platelet transfusion.
[b] Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with baseline platelet count as stratum. In the analysis for pooled data, study was added as a stratum. The p value and confidence interval were calculated using the Wald method.
Proportion of responders
The proportion of subjects who met the responder criterion (defined as platelet count increase to
≥ 50,000/μL with an increase of ≥ 20,000/μL from baseline) during the study was significantly greater
in the lusutrombopag groups in the individual studies and the pooled (Studies M0631 and M0634) lusutrombopag group compared with placebo (Table 4).
7
Table 4Proportion of responders
[a] A responder was defined as a subject who achieved a platelet count of ≥ 50,000/μL with an increase of
≥ 20,000/μL from baseline. A subject was considered a nonresponder if the subject met the responder criterion
only after platelet transfusion.
[b] Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with baseline platelet count as stratum. In the analysis for pooled data,
study was added as a stratum. The p value and confidence interval were calculated using the Wald method.
Duration of the increase in platelet count to ≥ 50,000/μL
The duration of the increase in platelet count to ≥ 50,000/µL in Studies M0631 and M0634 and the
pooled (Studies M0631 and M0634) lusutrombopag group was significantly greater than compared with placebo (Table 5).
Table 5Duration of the increase in platelet count to ≥ 50,000/µL
[a] P-value was calculated by the van Elteren test with platelet transfusion status as stratum. In the analysis
for pooled data, study was added as a stratum.
Time course of platelet count
The mean (range) maximum platelet count in subjects without platelet transfusion in the
lusutrombopag group in Studies M0631 and M0634 was 90,200 (59,000 to 145,000)/µL and 86,900 (25,000 to 219,000)/µL, respectively; and the median (range) time to reach the maximum platelet count was 14.0 (6 to 28) days and 12.0 (5 to 35) days, respectively, and platelet count is expected to decrease thereafter.
The time course of platelet counts in lusutrombopag-treated subjects without platelet transfusion and
placebo-treated subjects with platelet transfusion in Studies M0631 and M0634 is presented in Figure 1.
8
Figure 1 Time course profiles of platelet count in the Phase 3 studies in thrombocytopenic
patients with chronic liver disease (lusutrombopag-treated subjects without platelet transfusion and placebo-treated subjects with platelet transfusion)
Phase 3 Study M0631
10.
7.
5.
2.
0.
Baseline
Day
Treatment Group Lusutrombopag 3 mg Placebo
Phase 3 Study M0634
10.
7.
5.
2.
0.
Baseline
Day
Treatment Group Lusutrombopag 3 mg Placebo
Patients with severe hepatic impairment
In Study M0634, 3 subjects with Child-Pugh class C liver disease were erroneously enrolled (all in the
lusutrombopag group). All 3 received 7 days of treatment with lusutrombopag. This limited data suggested no abnormal pattern of platelet count rise in this subpopulation.
Paediatric population
The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with Lusutrombopag Shionogi in all subsets of the paediatric population for thrombocytopenia secondary to liver disease (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
Absorption
Lusutrombopag is absorbed with a peak concentration occurring 6 to 8 hours after oral administration. The accumulation ratios of the Cmax and the AUC are approximately 2 at once-daily multiple doses and the steady-state of the plasma concentration of lusutrombopag appear to be achieved after Day 5. The pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag was similar in both healthy subjects and the chronic liver disease population. The pharmacokinetic parameters in patients with chronic liver disease are shown in
Table 6.
9
Table 6 Pharmacokinetic parameters of lusutrombopag after 3 mg dose once daily in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic liver disease (Study M0634)
n = 9.
Geometric mean (%CV) other than for Tmax, which is median (range).
Food interaction
Neither food (including high-fat and high-calorie diet) nor co-administration with calcium has a clinically meaningful effect on the pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag.
Distribution
Human plasma protein binding ratio is ≥ 99.9%. The mean (% coefficient of variation) apparent
volume of distribution during the terminal phase of lusutrombopag in healthy adult subjects (n = 16)
was 39.5 L (23.5%).
In rats, results indicated that lusutrombopag and its metabolites transfer to fetus via placenta. Biotransformation
Lusutrombopag is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP, but is not a substrate of OATP1B1, OATP1B3 or OCT1. In the human mass balance study using [14C]-lusutrombopag, unchanged lusutrombopag (97% of radioactivity in plasma) was the major circulating component, and the metabolites, such as deshexyl, β-oxidated carboxylic acid, taurine conjugate of β-oxidated carboxylic acid, and acyl- glucuronide, were detected with less than 2.6% of radioactivity in plasma. In faeces, the components of radioactivity were unchanged lusutrombopag (16% of administered radioactivity) and β-oxidation- related metabolites (35% of administered radioactivity), suggesting that lusutrombopag is metabolised by ω-oxidation first, and subsequently metabolised by β-oxidation of O-hexyl side chain.In vitrostudies revealed that CYP4 enzymes including CYP4A11 and partially CYP3A4 enzyme contributed to ω-oxidation to form 6-hydroxylated lusutrombopag. Drug interactions via inhibition and induction of any CYP4A enzymes have not been reported in clinical use. Therefore, inducers and inhibitors of CYP4A enzymes including CYP4A11 are unlikely to affect the pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag.
Lusutrombopag has low potential to inhibit CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6,
and 3A4/5), and to induce both CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, 2C9, and 3A4) and UGT enzymes (UGT1A2,
1A6, and 2B7). Lusutrombopag has also low potential to inhibit P-gp, BCRP, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OCT1, OCT2, OAT1, OAT3, MATE1, MATE2-K, and BSEP. Lusutrombopag is not considered to affect the pharmacokinetics of co-administered medicinal products that are substrates of these enzymes or transporters.
Elimination
Lusutrombopag was excreted mainly via faecal route in humans (approximately 83% into faeces and 1% into urine).
Geometric mean of t1/2 (% coefficient of variation), was 38.3 hours (18.7%) after multiple oral dose of
3 mg lusutrombopag.
Linearity/non-linearity
Both Cmax and AUC for lusutrombopag increase dose-proportionally over dose range of multiple oral dose of 0.25 to 4 mg once daily in patients with chronic liver disease.
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Pharmacokinetics in subpopulations
Age, gender and race
A population pharmacokinetic analysis using plasma lusutrombopag concentrations from clinical studies with lusutrombopag did not identify a clinically meaningful effect of age, gender or race on the pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag.
Paediatric population
No pharmacokinetic data have been obtained in children.
Renal impairment
Lusutrombopag is rarely excreted into urine (approximately 1%). A population pharmacokinetic
analysis using plasma lusutrombopag concentrations from clinical studies with lusutrombopag did not
identify a clinically meaningful effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag.
Hepatic impairment
Mild and moderate hepatic impairment (mild, Child-Pugh class A; moderate, Child-Pugh class B) is
expected to have little effect on the pharmacokinetics of lusutrombopag. The differences in
pharmacokinetics of a single 0.75 mg dose of lusutrombopag were relatively small in both subjects with mild hepatic impairment and subjects with moderate hepatic impairment, compared with the healthy matched control group. Ratios of AUC relative to the healthy matched control group were 1.05 in subjects with mild hepatic impairment and 1.20 in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment.
The ranges of observed Cmax and AUC0-τ overlapped among the patients with Child-Pugh class A, B, and C. Cmax and AUC0-τ of all patients with Child-Pugh class C did not exceed the maximum values from Child-Pugh class A and class B. Due to the limited information available, lusutrombopag should not be used in Child-Pugh class C patients unless the expected benefit outweighs the expected risks.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
Lusutrombopag does not stimulate platelet production in the species used for toxicological testing because of unique human TPO receptor specificity. Thus, the data from the toxicology program in these animals do not present potential adverse effects related to exaggerated pharmacology in humans.
Effects in non-clinical studies were observed only at exposures considered sufficiently in excess of the maximum human exposure indicating little relevance to clinical use.
In rats, lusutrombopag and its metabolites are excreted in milk, and the concentrations in milk decreased as with those in plasma.
Repeated toxicity
The principal toxicity findings associated with lusutrombopag administration included prolongation of PT and APTT (rats), increased activities of plasma ALT and AST (rats and dogs), adrenal toxicity
(rats and dogs), skin and forestomach lesions (rats) and renal toxicity (rats).
High dose (10 mg/kg/day) and long-term treatment (8 weeks) of lusutrombopag has a potential risk of fibrosis in the bone marrow via human TPO receptor based on the results of study in TPOR-Ki/Shi mice with chimeric human transmembrane domain TPO receptor knocked-in to the mouse TPO receptor.
Carcinogenesis
Lusutrombopag was not carcinogenic to mice at doses up to 20 mg/kg/day in males and females (a dose at least 45 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC), or rats at doses up to
20 mg/kg/day in males and 2 mg/kg/day in females (a dose 49 and 30 times, respectively, the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC).
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Mutagenesis
Lusutrombopag was not genotoxic when tested in a bacterial reverse mutation test, a chromosomal aberration test with cultured Chinese hamster lung cells, or anin vivomicronucleus test with mouse bone marrow cells.
Fertility
Lusutrombopag did not affect male and female fertility and early embryo development in rats at doses up to 100 mg/kg/day (176 and 252 times respectively, the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC).
Embryo-foetal development
Lusutrombopag showed no teratogenicity in rats and rabbits at up to 80 mg/kg/day and
1000 mg/kg/day respectively. No effects on foetal viability embryo-foetal development were noted in
rabbits at doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day (161 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on
AUC). In rats, there were adverse effects of lusutrombopag on foetal intrauterine growth and skeletal morphology as follows: a suppression of foetal intrauterine growth (low foetal body weight and a decrease in the number of ossified sternebrae) at 80 mg/kg/day, and an high incidence of short cervical supernumerary ribs at 40 mg/kg/day or more, and an high incidence of short thoracolumbar supernumerary rib at 4 mg/kg/day or more. A suppression of foetal intrauterine growth as well as cervical ribs occurred at doses (40 mg/kg/day or more), showing maternal toxicity. Meanwhile, the short thoracolumbar supernumerary ribs were observed at doses without maternal toxicity. The changes were also noted in F1 pups on postnatal day (PND) 4 at 12.5 mg/kg/day or more in the pre- and postnatal development study; however, F1 mature animals showed no full and short
thoracolumbar supernumerary rib. On the basis of the results, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was estimated to be near 4 mg/kg/day in the embryo-foetal development study in rats (23 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC).
Pre- and post-natal development
In the pre- and postnatal development study in rats at doses up to 40 mg/kg/day, there were adverse effects of lusutrombopag on postnatal development at 40 mg/kg/day as follow: prolongation of gestation period in dams, low viability before weaning, delayed postnatal growth such as delayed negative geotaxis or delayed eyelid opening, low pup body weight, low female fertility index, a tendency to low number of corpora lutea or implantations, and a tendency to increased pre- implantation loss rate and an abnormal clinical sign such as prominent annular rings on tail after weaning. There were no effects on pregnancy, parturition, lactation in F0 dams and postnatal development in F1 pups at doses up to 12.5 mg/kg/day (89 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on AUC).
Phototoxicity
Lusutrombopag has no phototoxic potential in the skin phototoxicity study in hairless mice at doses up to 500 mg/kg (96.3 µg/mL) (613 times the human clinical exposures in adults based on Cmax
[0.157 µg/mL]).
Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)
Environmental risk assessment studies have shown that lusutrombopag has the potential to be very persistent, very bioaccumulative and toxic to the environment.
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6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
6.1 List of excipients
Tablet core
Mannitol
Microcrystalline cellulose
Magnesium oxide
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Hydroxypropylcellulose
Carmellose calcium
Magnesium stearate
Film-coating
Hypromellose
Titanium dioxide
Triethyl citrate
Talc
Red ferric oxide (E172)
6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.
6.3 Shelf life
3 years.
6.4 Special precautions for storage
This medicinal product does not require any special temperature storage conditions.
Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.
6.5 Nature and contents of container
OPA/Aluminium foil/PVC film blister with push through aluminium lidding foil, packed in a cardboard box. Each box contains 7 film-coated tablets.
6.6 Special precautions for disposal
This medicinal product may pose a risk to the environment (see section 5.3).
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Shionogi B.V.
Kingsfordweg 151,
1043GR Amsterdam
The Netherlands
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8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S)
EU/1/18/1348
9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
10. DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT
Detailed information on this medicinal product is available on the website of the European Medicines Agency http://www.ema.europa.eu.
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ANNEX II
A. MANUFACTURER(S) RESPONSIBLE FOR BATCH RELEASE
B. CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS REGARDING SUPPLY AND USE
C. OTHER CONDITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE MARKETING
AUTHORISATION
D. CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS WITH REGARD TO THE SAFE AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
15
A. MANUFACTURER(S) RESPONSIBLE FOR BATCH RELEASE
Name and address of the manufacturer(s) responsible for batch release
MPF B.V. (Manufacturing Packaging Farmaca)
Appelhof 13
8465RX Oudehaske
NETHERLANDS
B. CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS REGARDING SUPPLY AND USE
Medicinal product subject to medical prescription.
C. OTHER CONDITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE MARKETING
AUTHORISATION
• Periodic safety update reports
The requirements for submission of periodic safety update reports for this medicinal product are set out in the list of Union reference dates (EURD list) provided for under Article 107c(7) of Directive 2001/83/EC and any subsequent updates published on the European medicines web-portal.
The marketing authorisation holder shall submit the first periodic safety update report for this product within 6 months following authorisation.
D. CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS WITH REGARD TO THE SAFE AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
• Risk Management Plan (RMP)
The MAH shall perform the required pharmacovigilance activities and interventions detailed in the agreed RMP presented in Module 1.8.2 of the marketing authorisation and any agreed subsequent updates of the RMP.
An updated RMP should be submitted:
• At the request of the European Medicines Agency;
• Whenever the risk management system is modified, especially as the result of new
information being received that may lead to a significant change to the benefit/risk profile or as the result of an important (pharmacovigilance or risk minimisation) milestone being reached.
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ANNEX III
LABELLING AND PACKAGE LEAFLET
17
A. LABELLING
18
PARTICULARS TO APPEAR ON THE OUTER PACKAGING
CARTON
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Lusutrombopag Shionogi 3 mg film-coated tablets
lusutrombopag
2. STATEMENT OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCE(S)
Each film-coated tablet contains 3 mg lusutrombopag
3. LIST OF EXCIPIENTS
4. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM AND CONTENTS
7 film-coated tablets
5. METHOD AND ROUTE(S) OF ADMINISTRATION
Read the package leaflet before use.
Oral use
6. SPECIAL WARNING THAT THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT MUST BE STORED OUT
OF THE SIGHT AND REACH OF CHILDREN
Keep out of the sight and reach of children.
7. OTHER SPECIAL WARNING(S), IF NECESSARY
8. EXPIRY DATE
EXP
9. SPECIAL STORAGE CONDITIONS
Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.
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10. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR DISPOSAL OF UNUSED MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
OR WASTE MATERIALS DERIVED FROM SUCH MEDICINAL PRODUCTS, IF APPROPRIATE
11. NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Shionogi B.V.
Kingsfordweg 151,
1043GR Amsterdam
The Netherlands
12. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S)
EU/1/18/1348
13. BATCH NUMBER
BN
14. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION FOR SUPPLY
15. INSTRUCTIONS ON USE
16. INFORMATION IN BRAILLE
Lusutrombopag Shionogi
17. UNIQUE IDENTIFIER – 2D BARCODE
2D barcode carrying the unique identifier included.
18. UNIQUE IDENTIFIER - HUMAN READABLE DATA
PC:
SN:
NN:
20
MINIMUM PARTICULARS TO APPEAR ON BLISTERS OR STRIPS BLISTER
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Lusutrombopag Shionogi 3 mg film-coated tablets
lusutrombopag
2. NAME OF THE MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Shionogi
3. EXPIRY DATE
EXP
4. BATCH NUMBER
BN
5. OTHER
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B. PACKAGE LEAFLET
22
Package leaflet: Information for the patient
Lusutrombopag Shionogi 3 mg film-coated tablets
lusutrombopag
This medicine is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new
safety information. You can help by reporting any side effects you may get. See the end of section 4
for how to report side effects.
Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start taking this medicine because it contains important information for you.
- Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
- If you have any further questions, ask your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse.
- This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them,
even if their signs of illness are the same as yours.
- If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This includes any possible
side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.
What is in this leaflet
1. What Lusutrombopag Shionogi is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before you take Lusutrombopag Shionogi
3. How to take Lusutrombopag Shionogi
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Lusutrombopag Shionogi
6. Contents of the pack and other information
1. What Lusutrombopag Shionogi is and what it is used for
Lusutrombopag Shionogi contains the active substance lusutrombopag, which belongs to a group of medicines called thrombopoietin receptor agonists. The medicine helps to increase the number ofplateletsin your blood. Platelets are blood components that help the blood to clot and so prevent bleeding.
Lusutrombopag Shionogi is used to reduce the risk of bleeding during surgery and other
procedures (including tooth extractions and endoscopy). It is given to adults who have low numbers of platelets because of chronic liver disease.
2. What you need to know before you take Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Do not take Lusutrombopag Shionogi:
- if you are allergic to lusutrombopag or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in
section 6 under ‘What Lusutrombopag Shionogi contains’).
➤ Check with your doctor if this applies to you before you take Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Warnings and precautions
Talk to your doctor:
- if you are at risk of blood clots in your veins or arteries, or if you previously have had blood
clots
- if you have severe liver disease
- if your spleen has been removed
- if you are having interferon treatment.
➤ Talk to your doctor before taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi, if any of these applies.
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Signs of a blood clot: look out for any of the signs below:
• swelling, pain, heat, redness, or tenderness in your leg
• sudden shortness of breath, especially with sharp pain in the chest or rapid breathing
• pain in the abdomen (tummy), swollen abdomen, blood in your stools.
➤ Get medical help immediately if you notice any of these.
Children and adolescents
Do not give this medicine to children or adolescents under the age of 18 years, because the medicine
has not been studied in children and adolescents.
Other medicines and Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Tell your doctor if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding
Do not take Lusutrombopag Shionogi if you are pregnant unless your doctor specifically
recommends it. The effect of Lusutrombopag Shionogi during pregnancy is not known.
- Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have
a baby.
- Use reliable methods of contraception while you are taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi.
- If you do become pregnant during treatment with Lusutrombopag Shionogi, tell your
doctor immediately.
Do not breast-feed during treatment with Lusutrombopag Shionogi, as it is not known if the medicine passes into milk.
→ If you are already breast-feeding, talk to your doctor immediately.
Driving and using machines
Lusutrombopag Shionogi has no known effects on your ability to drive or to use machines.
Lusutrombopag Shionogi contains sodium
This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per tablet, that is to say essentially ‘sodium-
free’.
3. How to take Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.
Recommended dose: take one tablet once a day, at the same time each day, for seven days only. Take the tablet with a liquid and swallow it whole. Do not chew, break, or crush the tablet. You can take it with food or between meals.
Your treatment will start at least 8 days before your surgery or procedure. Do not change the dose or schedule for taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi unless your doctor or pharmacist tells you to.
If you have severe liver disease, tell your doctor before taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi.
If you take more than you should
If you have taken more Lusutrombopag Shionogi than you should, talk to your doctor or go to the
hospital. If possible, show them the pack, or this leaflet. You may be monitored for side effects
associated with excessive platelets such as blood clots (see section 2, ‘Warnings and precautions’, and section 4, ‘Possible side effects’).
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If you forget to take a tablet
If you miss a tablet of Lusutrombopag Shionogi, take it as soon as you remember on the same day.
Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten tablet.
If you stop taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Do not stop taking Lusutrombopag Shionogi without talking to your doctor and do not take
Lusutrombopag Shionogi for more than 7 days.
If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
4. Possible side effects
Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
Higher risk of blood clots
Certain people may have a higher risk of blood clots, including people with liver disease, and
medicines like Lusutrombopag Shionogi could make this problem worse.
Signs of a blood clot: look out for any of the signs below:
• swelling, pain, heat, redness, or tenderness in your leg
• sudden shortness of breath, especially with sharp pain in the chest or rapid breathing
• pain in the abdomen (tummy), swollen abdomen, blood in your stools.
➤ Get medical help immediately if you notice any of these.
Common side effects
(may affect up to 1 in 10 people)
• Headache
• Nausea
• Blood clot in the liver (portal vein thrombosis)
• Rash.
Reporting of side effects
If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side
effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system listed in Appendix V.
By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.
5. How to store Lusutrombopag Shionogi
Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the carton and blisters after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.
This medicine does not require any special temperature storage conditions.
Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.
25
6. Contents of the pack and other information
What Lusutrombopag Shionogi contains
- The active substance is lusutrombopag. Each film-coated tablet contains 3 mg lusutrombopag.
- The other ingredients are:
- Tablet core: mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium oxide, sodium lauryl sulfate,
hydroxypropylcellulose, carmellose calcium and magnesium stearate
- Film coating: hypromellose, titanium dioxide, triethyl citrate, talc and red-ferric oxide (E172)
What Lusutrombopag Shionogi looks like and contents of the pack
Lusutrombopag Shionogi 3 mg film-coated tablets are light red, 7 mm, round, film-coated tablets debossed with the Shionogi trademark above the identifier code “551” on one side and debossed with the strength “3” on the other side.
Lusutrombopag Shionogi is supplied in aluminium blisters in a carton containing 7 film-coated tablets.
Marketing Authorisation Holder
Shionogi B.V.
Kingsfordweg 151,
1043GR Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Manufacturer
Manufacturing Packaging Farmaca (MPF) B.V.
Appelhof 13
Oudehaske
8465RX
The Netherlands
For any information about this medicine, please contact the local representative of the Marketing
Authorisation Holder:
AT, BE, BG, CY, CZ, DK, EE, IE, EL, FI, FR, HR, HU, IE, IS, LT, LU, LV, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK
Shionogi B.V. Tel/Tel./Teл./Tlf/Tél/Puh/Sími/Τηλ:
+31 (0) 207038327
contact@shionogi.eu
ES
Shionogi SLU
Tel: +34 911 239 258
contacta@shionogi.eu
UK
Shionogi Limited
Tel: +44 (0)20 3053 4190
contact@shionogi.eu
This leaflet was last revised in
Other sources of information
DE
Shionogi GmbH
Tel: +49 (0)89 2109 3049
kontakt@shionogi.eu
IT
Shionogi Srl
Tel: +39 06 94 805 118 contattaci@shionogi.eu
Detailed information on this medicine is available on the European Medicines Agency web site:
http://www.ema.europa.eu.
26