通用中文 | 卡拉西单抗 | 通用外文 | Caplacizumab |
品牌中文 | 品牌外文 | Cablivi | |
其他名称 | |||
公司 | 赛诺菲/再生元(SANOFI) | 产地 | 法国(France) |
含量 | 10mg | 包装 | 7支/瓶 |
剂型给药 | 注射针剂 | 储存 | 2度-8度(冰箱冷藏,禁止冷冻) |
适用范围 | 血栓性血小板减少性紫癜 |
通用中文 | 卡拉西单抗 |
通用外文 | Caplacizumab |
品牌中文 | |
品牌外文 | Cablivi |
其他名称 | |
公司 | 赛诺菲/再生元(SANOFI) |
产地 | 法国(France) |
含量 | 10mg |
包装 | 7支/瓶 |
剂型给药 | 注射针剂 |
储存 | 2度-8度(冰箱冷藏,禁止冷冻) |
适用范围 | 血栓性血小板减少性紫癜 |
Cablivi (caplacizumab-yhdp)使用说明书
商品名: Cablivi
通用名: caplacizumab-yhdp
剂型: 注射液
公司: Ablynx NV
FDA 批准: 是(2019年2月6日被首次批准)
特异性治疗:获得性血小板减少性紫癜
治疗性领域:血液学,贫血,特发性血小板减少性紫癜,免疫(特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP),血小板减少
一般资料
Cablivi (caplacizumab-yhdp)是一种von Willebrand因子指向(vWF)的抗体片段。Caplacizumab阻断超巨大 von Willebrand因子(vWF)多聚体与血小板的相互作用和,因此,对血小板粘附有一种瞬时效应[immediate effect]和随后[ensuing]巨大凝块的形成和积蓄,致严重的血小板减少症,在aTTP组织缺血和器官功能失调。适用于为成年有获得性血栓形成血小板减少性紫癜 (aTTP), 与血浆交换和免疫抑制治疗。
Cablivi是特异性地适用为有获得性血栓形成血小板减少性紫癜(aTTP)成年患者的治疗,与血浆交换和免疫抑制治疗联用。
Cablivi被供应为一种注射液为静脉或皮下给药。Cablivi应被在血浆交换治疗的开始。Cablivi的推荐剂量为如下。治疗的第一天: 11 mg静脉推注注射血浆交换前至少15分钟接着被一个11 mg皮下注射在天1血浆交换的完成后。治疗的随后天每天血浆交换期间: 11 mg 皮下注射每天一次血浆交换后。蟹将交换阶段后治疗: 11 mg皮下注射每天一次连续共30天最后的每天血浆交换后。如初始治疗疗程后,持久的潜在疾病的体征例如抑制的ADAMTS13活性水平仍存在,治疗可能被延伸共最大28天。终止Cablivi而患者经历超过2次的aTTP的复发,同时用Cablivi。血浆交换期间Cablivi的一个剂量被缺失,它应被给予尽可能马上。如Cablivi的一个剂量被缺失在血浆交换器后,它可能被给予的计划时间的12小时内。超12小时,缺失的剂量应被跳过而按照寻常给药方案给予下一次每天剂量给药。
临床结果
FDA批准
Cablivi的FDA批准是根据HERCULES试验,一项III期关键性多中心,随机化,双盲,安慰-对照试验进行在145受试者有获得性血栓形成血小板减少性紫癜(aTTP)。受试者被随机化至或Cablivi (n=72)或安慰剂(n=73)。受试者在两组中接受血浆交换和免疫抑制治疗。在HERCULES研究中,用caplacizumab治疗除了标准-的-医护导致一个显著地较短时间至血小板计数反应(p<0.01),研究的主要终点;一个显著减低在 aTTP-相关的死亡,aTTP的复发,或至少一个重大血栓栓塞事件研究要治用caplacizumab治疗导致一个临床上有意义减在PEX 的使用和停留在重症监护室(ICU)和医院的时间,与安慰剂组比较。
副作用
伴随Cablivi的使用不良效应可能包括,但不限于,以下:鼻出血,头痛。牙龈出血。
作用机制
Cablivi (caplacizumab-yhdp)是一种指向von Willebrand因子(vWF)抗体片段。 Caplacizumab-yhdp 靶向vWF的A1-结构域,和抑制vWF和血小板间相互作用,因此减低vWF-介导的血小板黏附和血小板消耗。.
Cablivi的给药
· Cablivi的首次剂量由一位卫生保健提供者在首次血浆交换前至少15分钟前通过静脉注射。
· 治疗被继续用一个皮下注射每天血浆交换后和共30天在每天血浆交换被停止。
重要安全性资料
· 禁忌症 在患者曾有以前对 caplacizumab-yhdp或任何其他成分严重超敏性反应不应使用Cablivi。超敏性反应曾包括荨麻疹。
· 警告和注意事项Cablivi 增加出血风险。
o 患者有出血疾患患者, 和患者服用其他药物增加出血例如抗凝剂,出血的风险被增加。 患者应被忠告淤血和出血可能发生更容易地, 可能发生鼻出血和牙龈出血, 和它可能需要花比常常更长时间停止出血。患者应立即联系他们的卫生保健提供者如过量出血或淤血发生。
o 患者应告知他们的卫生保健提供者在安排任何选择性手术, 牙科手术或其他侵袭性干预之前。这些手术前共7天Cablivi 应被撤去。如需要急救手术, von Willebrand因子浓缩物的使用可能被考虑以纠正止血。
不良反应
最常见不良反应(发生率 >15%)出血的风险被增加为鼻出血,头痛,和牙龈出血。
市场资料
法国制药巨头赛诺菲(Sanofi)纳米抗体药物Cablivi(caplacizumab)近日在欧盟监管方面传来喜讯。欧洲药品管理局(EMA)人用医药产品委员会(CHMP)已发布积极意见,推荐批准Cablivi用于获得性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(aTTP)成人患者的治疗。
欧盟委员会(EC)在做出最终审查决定时通常都会采纳CHMP的意见,这意味着,Cablivi极有可能在未来2-3个月获批上市造福欧洲的aTTP患者。如果获批,Cablivi将成为全球上市的首个纳米抗体药物,同时也是首个专门治疗aTTP的药物。
在美国方面,FDA在去年7月已授予caplacizumab治疗aTTP的快速通道资格,赛诺菲计划在2018年晚些时候向FDA提交caplacizumab治疗aTTP的生物制品许可申请(BLA)。
aTTP是一种危及生命的、自身免疫性凝血障碍,特征是全身小血管中形成大量的血凝块,导致严重的血小板减少症、组织缺血和广泛的器官损害,尤其是大脑和心脏。目前,尚无药物获批治疗aTTP,尽管接受标准护理方案——血浆置换术(PEX)和免疫抑制疗法,但患者仍面临着高风险的血栓并发症、复发和死亡。
caplacizumab是一种强效选择性双价抗血管性血友病因子(vWF)纳米抗体,于2009年在美国和欧盟被授予孤儿药地位。caplacizumab能够阻断超大vWF多聚体(ULvWF)与血小板的相互作用,因此,针对血小板聚集和随后发生的微小血凝块(microclot)的形成和积累具有立竿见影的效果。在aTTP患者中,这种微小血凝块能导致严重的血小板减少症、组织缺血和器官功能障碍。caplacizumab的这种瞬间效应(immediate effect,即瞬间见效)在拆解潜在疾病进程的同时,能够保护aTTP患者出现疾病临床表现。
caplacizumab治疗aTTP的疗效和安全性已在一项II期临床研究TITAN和III期临床研究HERCULES中得到证实。来自TITAN研究的数据已于2016年2月发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》,来自HERCULES的数据也已于2017年12月在第59届美国血液学会(ASH)年会上公布。
caplacizumab由比利时生物技术公司Ablynx研制,该公司是纳米抗体领域的全球领导者。今年1月底,赛诺菲豪掷48亿美元收购Ablynx,获得了核心产品caplacizumab以及呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)纳米抗体ALX-0171,同时还获得了Ablynx公司极具潜力的纳米抗体平台,其管线中包括8个进入临床阶段的新药及45个临床前的新药候选物,横跨多个治疗领域,包括血液学、炎症、传染病、自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤学以及免疫肿瘤学等等。
CABLIVI
(caplacizumab-yhdp) Injection
Caplacizumab-yhdp is a von Willebrand factor (vWF)-directed antibody fragment that consists of two identical humanized building blocks, linked by a three-alanine linker. Caplacizumab-yhdp is produced in Escherichia coli by recombinant DNA technology and has an approximate molecular weight of 28 kDa.
CABLIVI (caplacizumab-yhdp) for injection is a sterile, white, preservative-free, lyophilized powder. Each single-dose vial delivers 11 mg caplacizumab-yhdp, anhydrous citric acid (0.18 mg), polysorbate-80 (0.10 mg), sucrose (62 mg), and trisodium citrate dihydrate (4.91 mg). After reconstitution with 1 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP, the final concentration is 11 mg/mL, at a pH of approximately 6.5.
CABLIVI is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP), in combination with plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONRecommended Dose And SchedulesCABLIVI should be administered upon initiation of plasma exchange therapy. The recommended dose of CABLIVI is as follows:
First day of treatment: 11 mg bolus intravenous injection at least 15 minutes prior to plasma exchange followed by an 11 mg subcutaneous injection after completion of plasma exchange on day 1.Subsequent days of treatment during daily plasma exchange: 11 mg subcutaneous injection once daily following plasma exchange.Treatment after plasma exchange period: 11 mg subcutaneous injection once daily continuing for 30 days following the last daily plasma exchange. If after initial treatment course, sign(s) of persistent underlying disease such as suppressed ADAMTS13 activity levels remain present, treatment may be extended for a maximum of 28 days.Discontinue CABLIVI if the patient experiences more than 2 recurrences of aTTP, while on CABLIVI.
Missed DoseIf a dose of CABLIVI is missed during the plasma exchange period, it should be given as soon as possible. If a dose of CABLIVI is missed after the plasma exchange period, it can be administered within 12 hours of the scheduled time of administration. Beyond 12 hours, the missed dose should be skipped and the next daily dose administered according to the usual dosing schedule.
Discontinuation For Surgery And Other InterventionsWithhold CABLIVI treatment 7 days prior to elective surgery, dental procedures, or other invasive interventions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Reconstitution And Administration InstructionsThe first dose of CABLIVI should be administered by a healthcare provider as a bolus intravenous injection. Administer subsequent doses subcutaneously in the abdomen. Avoid injections around the navel. Do not administer consecutive injections in the same abdominal quadrant.
Patients or caregivers may inject CABLIVI subcutaneously after proper training on the preparation and administration of CABLIVI, including aseptic technique [see Instructions for Use].
Ensure the CABLIVI vial and diluent syringe are at room temperature.Reconstitute CABLIVI before administration using the provided syringe containing 1 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP, to yield an 11 mg/mL single-dose solution.Using aseptic technique throughout the preparation of the solution, attach the vial adapter to the vial containing CABLIVI.Remove the plastic cap from the syringe and attach it to the vial adapter by twisting it clockwise until it cannot twist any further.Slowly push the syringe plunger down until the syringe is empty. Do not remove the syringe from the vial adapter.Gently swirl the vial until the cake or powder is completely dissolved. Do not shake.Visually inspect that the reconstituted solution is clear and colorless.Withdraw all of the clear, colorless reconstituted solution from the vial into the syringe. Label the CABLIVI syringe.Administer the full amount of reconstituted solution.For the initial intravenous injection, if using an intravenous line, the glass syringe should be connected to a standard Luer lock (and not a needleless connector) and flushed with either 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP.Use the CABLIVI solution immediately. If not, use CABLIVI within 4 hours after reconstitution when stored in the refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F).HOW SUPPLIEDDosage Forms And StrengthsFor Injection11 mg as a white lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial.
Storage And HandlingCABLIVI (caplacizumab-yhdp) for injection is a sterile, white, preservative-free, lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial. Each carton (NDC 58468-0225-1) contains:
one 11 mg CABLIVI single-dose vial (NDC 58468-0227-1)one 1 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP, prefilled glass syringe (diluent for CABLIVI) (NDC 58468-0229-1)one sterile vial adapterone sterile hypodermic needle (30 gauge)two individually packaged alcohol swabsStorageStore refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton to protect from light. Do not freeze. Unopened vials may be stored in the original carton at room temperature up to 30°C (86°F) for a single period of up to 2 months. Do not return CABLIVI to the refrigerator after it has been stored at room temperature.
Manufactured by: Ablynx N.V. Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium. Revised: Feb 2019
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are also discussed in other sections of the labeling:
Bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]Clinical Trials ExperienceBecause clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of CABLIVI was evaluated in two placebo-controlled clinical studies (HERCULES, in which 71 patients received CABLIVI; and TITAN, in which 35 patients received CABLIVI). The data described below and in the Warnings and Precautions reflect exposure to CABLIVI during the blinded periods of both studies, which include 106 patients with aTTP who received at least one dose, age 18 to 79 years, of whom 69% were female and 73% were White. The median treatment duration with CABLIVI was 35 days (range 1-77 days).
The most frequently reported adverse reactions (>15%) were epistaxis, headache and gingival bleeding. Seven patients (7%) in the CABLIVI group experienced an adverse reaction leading to study drug discontinuation. None of the adverse reactions leading to discontinuation were observed in more than 1% of patients.
Among 106 patients treated with CABLIVI during the TITAN and HERCULES studies, serious bleeding adverse reactions reported in ≥2% patients included epistaxis (4%) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (2%).
Adverse reactions that occurred in ≥2% of patients treated with CABLIVI and more frequently than in those treated with placebo across the pooled data from the two trials are summarized in Table 1. Urticaria was seen during plasma exchange.
Table 1: Adverse Reactions in ≥2% of Patients Treated with CABLIVI and More Frequent than Placebo during the Blinded Periods of aTTP Studies (HERCULES and TITAN)
Adverse Reaction by Body System |
CABLIVI (N=106) n (%) |
Placebo (N=110) n (%) |
Gastrointestinal disorders | ||
Gingival bleeding | 17 (16) | 3 (3) |
Rectal hemorrhage | 4 (4) | 0 (0) |
Abdominal wall hematoma | 3 (3) | 1 (1) |
General disorders and administration site conditions | ||
Fatigue | 16 (15) | 10 (9) |
Pyrexia | 14 (13) | 12 (11) |
Injection site hemorrhage | 6 (6) | 1 (1) |
Catheter site hemorrhage | 6 (6) | 5 (5) |
Injection site pruritus | 3 (3) | 0 (0) |
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | ||
Back pain | 7 (7) | 4 (4) |
Myalgia | 6 (6) | 2 (2) |
Nervous system disorders | ||
Headache | 22 (21) | 15 (14) |
Paresthesia | 13 (12) | 11 (10) |
Renal and urinary disorders | ||
Urinary tract infection | 6 (6) | 4 (4) |
Hematuria | 4 (4) | 3 (3) |
Reproductive system and breast disorders | ||
Vaginal hemorrhage | 5 (5) | 2 (2) |
Menorrhagia | 4 (4) | 1 (1) |
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | ||
Epistaxis | 31 (29) | 6 (6) |
Dyspnea | 10 (9) | 5 (5) |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | ||
Urticaria | 15 (14) | 7 (6) |
As with all therapeutic proteins, there is potential for immunogenicity. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to caplacizumab-yhdp in the studies described below, with the incidence of antibodies in other studies, or to other products, may be misleading.
The prevalence of pre-existing antibodies binding to caplacizumab-yhdp observed during clinical studies and during evaluation of commercially available human samples varied between 4% and 63%. In aTTP patients, pre-existing antibodies can be produced by the patient or can originate from donor plasma during plasma exchange. No clinically apparent impact of these pre-existing antibodies on clinical efficacy or safety was found. Treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies (TE ADA) against caplacizumab-yhdp were detected in 3% of patients treated with CABLIVI in the HERCULES study. In the HERCULES study, TE ADA were further characterized as having neutralizing potential. There was no clinically apparent impact on clinical efficacy or safety [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
DRUG INTERACTIONSConcomitant Use Of AnticoagulantsConcomitant use of CABLIVI with any anticoagulant may increase the risk of bleeding. Assess and monitor closely for bleeding with concomitant use [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section
PRECAUTIONSBleedingCABLIVI increases the risk of bleeding [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. In clinical studies, severe bleeding adverse reactions of epistaxis, gingival bleeding, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and metrorrhagia were each reported in 1% of subjects. Overall, bleeding events occurred in approximately 58% of patients on CABLIVI versus 43% of patients on placebo.
The risk of bleeding is increased in patients with underlying coagulopathies (e.g. hemophilia, other coagulation factor deficiencies). It is also increased with concomitant use of CABLIVI with drugs affecting hemostasis and coagulation [see DRUG INTERACTIONS and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Interrupt use of CABLIVI if clinically significant bleeding occurs. If needed, von Willebrand factor concentrate may be administered to rapidly correct hemostasis. If CABLIVI is restarted, monitor closely for signs of bleeding.
Withhold CABLIVI for 7 days prior to elective surgery, dental procedures or other invasive interventions. If emergency surgery is needed, the use of von Willebrand factor concentrate may be considered to correct hemostasis. After the risk of surgical bleeding has resolved, and CABLIVI is resumed, monitor closely for signs of bleeding.
Patient Counseling InformationAdvise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Instructions for Use).
Bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Advise patients that bruising and bleeding may occur more easily, that nose bleeds and bleeding of gums may occur, and that it may take them longer than usual to stop bleeding. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately if excessive bleeding or bruising occur.Advise patients to inform their healthcare provider before scheduling any elective surgery, dental procedure or other invasive interventions.Nonclinical ToxicologyCarcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of FertilityNo studies have been performed to evaluate the potential of caplacizumab-yhdp for carcinogenicity or genotoxicity.
Animal reproduction studies assessing the effects of caplacizumab-yhdp on male and female fertility have not been conducted.
Use In Specific PopulationsPregnancyRisk SummaryThere are no available data on CABLIVI use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage. However, there are potential risks of hemorrhage in the mother and fetus associated with use of CABLIVI (see Clinical Considerations). In animal reproduction studies, there was no evidence of adverse developmental outcomes with intramuscular administration of caplacizumab-yhdp during organogenesis in guinea pigs at exposures approximately 30 times the AUC in humans at the recommended subcutaneous injection dose of 11 mg (see Data).
All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. The background rate of major birth defects and miscarriage in the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background rate of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Clinical ConsiderationsFetal/neonatal Adverse Reactions
CABLIVI may increase the risk of bleeding in the fetus and neonate. Monitor neonates for bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Maternal Adverse Reactions
All patients receiving CABLIVI, including pregnant women, are at risk for bleeding. Pregnant women receiving CABLIVI should be carefully monitored for evidence of excessive bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
DataAnimal data
Two separate reproduction studies were conducted in pregnant guinea pigs with administration of caplacizumab-yhdp during the organogenesis period.
In an embryo-fetal development study, caplacizumab-yhdp was administered intramuscularly at doses up to 20 mg/kg/day from gestational day (GD) 6 to GD 41 in guinea pigs. No maternal toxicity or adverse developmental outcomes were observed.
In a toxicokinetic study assessing the exposure of caplacizumab-yhdp in the dams and fetuses, caplacizumab-yhdp was administered once daily to female guinea pigs at doses up to 40 mg/kg/day (corresponding to a drug exposure of approximately 30 times the AUC in humans at the recommended dose of 11 mg) by intramuscular injection from GD 6 to GD 41 or GD 61. Exposure to caplacizumab-yhdp was observed in the dams and fetuses, with no effects on embryo-fetal development.
LactationRisk SummaryThere is no information regarding the presence of caplacizumab-yhdp in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child or the effects on milk production.
The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for CABLIVI and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from CABLIVI, or from the underlying maternal condition.
Pediatric UseThe safety and effectiveness of CABLIVI in pediatric patients have not been established.
Geriatric UseClinical studies of CABLIVI did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.
Hepatic ImpairmentNo formal studies with CABLIVI have been conducted in patients with severe acute or chronic hepatic impairment and no data regarding the use of CABLIVI in these populations are available. Due to a potential increased risk of bleeding, use of CABLIVI in patients with severe hepatic impairment requires close monitoring for bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
In case of overdose, based on the pharmacological action of CABLIVI, there is the potential for an increased risk of bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Close monitoring for signs and symptoms of bleeding is recommended. If needed, the use of von Willebrand factor concentrate could be considered to correct hemostasis.
CONTRAINDICATIONSCABLIVI is contraindicated in patients with a previous severe hypersensitivity reaction to caplacizumab-yhdp or to any of the excipients. Hypersensitivity reactions have included urticaria [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Caplacizumab-yhdp targets the A1-domain of vWF, and inhibits the interaction between vWF and platelets, thereby reducing both vWF-mediated platelet adhesion and platelet consumption.
PharmacodynamicsRistocetin cofactor (RICO) activity was used to assess vWF activity. Subcutaneous doses of caplacizumab-yhdp at greater than or equal to the approved recommended dosage to healthy subjects and patients with aTTP decreased RICO activity levels to below 20% approximately 4 hours post-dose. RICO activity returned to baseline values within 7 days of drug discontinuation.
Caplacizumab-yhdp decreased vWF antigen and factor VIII:C levels. These reductions were transient and returned to baseline upon cessation of treatment.
PharmacokineticsCaplacizumab-yhdp pharmacokinetics depends on the expression of the target vWF and are not dose proportional. Higher levels of vWF antigen increase the fraction of drug-target complex retained in the circulation. Steady-state was reached following the first administration of CABLIVI in healthy subjects, with minimal accumulation. Following a single subcutaneous dose of 10 mg caplacizumab-yhdp to healthy subjects the mean (CV%) peak concentration (Cmax) was 528 (20%) ng/ml and AUC0-24 was 7951 (16%). Following subcutaneous dosing of 10 mg caplacizumab-yhdp daily for 14 days to healthy subjects, the mean (CV%) Cmax was 348 (30%) ng/ml and AUC0-τ was 6808 (26%) hr·ng/ml.
AbsorptionThe bioavailability of subcutaneous caplacizumab-yhdp is approximately 90%.
The maximum concentration was observed 6 to 7 hours after subcutaneous dosing of 10 mg caplacizumab-yhdp once daily in healthy subjects.
DistributionCaplacizumab-yhdp central volume of distribution is 6.33 L in patients with aTTP.
EliminationThe half-life of caplacizumab-yhdp is concentration and target-level dependent.
MetabolismThe available data suggest target-bound caplacizumab-yhdp is metabolized within the liver. Because caplacizumab-yhdp is a monoclonal antibody fragment, it is expected to be catabolized by various proteolytic enzymes.
ExcretionThe available nonclinical data suggest unbound caplacizumab-yhdp is cleared renally.
Antidrug AntibodiesNo clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of caplacizumab-yhdp were observed in patients with pre-existing or treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies.
Specific PopulationsNo clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of caplacizumab-yhdp were observed based on age (18 to 79 years), sex (66% females), race (White (83%) and Black (17%)), blood group (O (41%) and other groups (59%)), or renal impairment (mild [CrCl: 60 to 90 mL/min], moderate [CrCl: 30 to 60 mL/min] or severe [CrCl: 15 to 30 mL/min]). The effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of caplacizumab-yhdp is unknown [see Use In Specific Populations].
Drug Interaction StudiesNo dedicated drug-drug interaction studies with caplacizumab-yhdp have been conducted.
Clinical StudiesThe efficacy of CABLIVI for the treatment of adult patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) in combination with plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy was established in a pivotal multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (HERCULES) (NCT02553317).
A total of 145 patients were enrolled in the HERCULES study; the median age was 45 (range: 18 to 79) years, 69% were female, 73% were White. Patients were randomized to either CABLIVI (n=72) or placebo (n=73). Patients in both groups received plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy. Patients were stratified according the severity of neurological involvement (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤12 or 13 to 15). Patients with sepsis, infection with E. coli 0157, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation or congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura were not eligible for enrollment.
Patients received a single 11 mg CABLIVI bolus intravenous injection or placebo prior to the first plasma exchange on study, followed by a daily subcutaneous injection of 11 mg CABLIVI or placebo after completion of plasma exchange, for the duration of the daily plasma exchange period and for 30 days thereafter. If after the initial treatment course, sign(s) of persistent underlying disease such as suppressed ADAMTS13 activity levels remained present, treatment was extended for 7 day intervals for a maximum of 28 days.
The median treatment duration with CABLIVI was 35 days.
The clinical trial protocol specified the CABLIVI dose as 10 mg, to be delivered by withdrawing all of the reconstituted solution from the vial and administering the full amount. A dose recovery study showed that the mean dose that can be withdrawn from a vial is 11 mg. Therefore, based on the dose recovery study, the mean dose delivered in the trial was 11 mg.
The efficacy of CABLIVI in patients with aTTP was established based on time to platelet count response (platelet count ≥150,000/μL followed by cessation of daily plasma exchange within 5 days). Time to platelet count response was shorter among patients treated with CABLIVI, compared to placebo.
Figure 1: Platelet Response over Time
Treatment with CABLIVI resulted in a lower number of patients with TTP-related death, recurrence of TTP, or at least one treatment-emergent major thromboembolic event (a composite endpoint) during the treatment period (see Table 2).
Table 2: Patients in the HERCULES Study with aTTP-Related Death, a Recurrence of aTTP, or at Least One Treatment-Emergent Major Thromboembolic Event During Study Drug Treatment Period (ITT population)
Number of patients with |
CABLIVI N=72 |
Placebo N=73 |
n (%)* | n (%) | |
TTP-related death | 0 | 3 (4.1) |
Recurrence of TTP (exacerbation)† | 3 (4.2) | 28 (38.4) |
At least one treatment-emergent major thromboembolic event | 6 (8.5) | 6 (8.2) |
Total‡ | 9 (12.7) | 36 (49.3) |
N = number of patients within the population of interest (by treatment group); n = number of patients with events; TTP = thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; ITT = intent to treat; * based on 71 patients who received at least one dose of study drug. † Exacerbation defined as thrombocytopenia after initial recovery of platelet count (platelet count ≥150,000/μL with subsequent stop of daily plasma exchange within 5 days) that required reinitiation of daily plasma exchange during the 30-day post daily plasma exchange period. ‡ p <0.0001 |
The proportion of patients with a recurrence of TTP in the overall study period (the drug treatment period plus the 28-day follow-up period after discontinuation of drug treatment) was lower in the CABLIVI group (9/72 patients [13%]) compared to the placebo group (28/73 patients [38%] (p<0.001). In the 6 patients in the CABLIVI group who experienced a recurrence of TTP during the follow-up period (i.e., a relapse defined as recurrent thrombocytopenia after initial recovery of platelet count (platelet count ≥150,000/μL) that required reinitiation of daily plasma exchange, occurring after the 30-day post daily plasma exchange period), ADAMTS13 activity levels were <10% at the end of the study drug treatment, indicating that the underlying immunological disease was still active at the time CABLIVI was stopped.
Instructions for Use
CABLIVI®
(cab-LIV-ee)
(caplacizumab-yhdp) for injection Single-dose vial
Be sure that you read, understand, and follow this Instructions for Use before you inject CABLIVI and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. Your healthcare provider should show you how to prepare and inject CABLIVI properly before your first injection. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have any questions.
Important information:
Make sure that the name CABLIVI appears on the carton and vial label.For each injection, one CABLIVI carton is needed. Only use the vial one time.Only use the supplies that are provided in the carton to prepare your prescribed dose.Do not use CABLIVI after the expiration date on the carton.Do not reuse any of the supplies. After your injection, throw away (dispose of) the used vial with any remaining CABLIVI liquid in it. Throw away (dispose of) the used vial with the adapter attached and the syringe with the needle attached in a FDA-cleared sharps disposal container. See “Step 13: Throw away (dispose of) the used syringe and vial” at the end of this Instructions for Use for more disposal information.How should I store CABLIVI?
Store CABLIVI in the refrigerator between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C).Use the mixed CABLIVI solution immediately. The mixed CABLIVI solution can be stored for up to 4 hours in the refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C).If needed, unopened CABLIVI vials may be stored at room temperature (up to 30°C or 86°F) in the original carton for a single period of up to two months. Write the date removed from the refrigerator in the space provided on the carton.Do not return CABLIVI to the refrigerator after it has been stored at room temperature.Do not freeze CABLIVI.Keep CABLIVI in the carton that it came in to protect it from light.Keep CABLIVI and all medicines out of the reach of children.Each CABLIVI carton contains:
1 vial of CABLIVI1 prefilled syringe containing 1 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP (diluent for CABLIVI)1 sterile vial adapter1 sterile needle2 alcohol swabsAdditional supplies needed:FDA-cleared sharps disposal container. See “Step 13: Throw away (dispose of) the used syringe” at the end of this Instructions for Use for more disposal information.Cotton ballsContents of CABLIVI carton
Additional supplies needed
(not in CABLIVI carton)
Before preparing a dose of CABLIVI:
Wash your hands well with soap and water.Prepare a clean flat surface.Check to make sure the carton contains all of the items needed to prepare a dose.Check the expiration date (See Figure A). Do not use CABLIVI if the date has passed.Do not use CABLIVI if the packaging or any supplies inside of the carton are damaged in any way.
Step 1: Bring the vial and syringe to room temperature
Place all the supplies in the carton on the clean flat surface.If the carton was not stored at room temperature, allow the vial and the syringe to reach room temperature by holding them in your hands for 10 seconds (See Figure B). Do not use any other way to warm up the vial and syringe.
Step 2: Clean the rubber stopper
Remove the green plastic flip-off cap from the metal cap of the vial (See Figure C). Do not use the vial if the green plastic cap is missing.
Step 3: Attach the vial adapter
Take the vial adapter and remove the paper cover (See Figure E). Leave the vial adapter in its opened plastic packaging for now. Do not touch the adapter itself.Place the adapter over the vial, while keeping the adapter in its plastic packaging.
Step 4: Prepare the syringe
Pick up the syringe.While holding the syringe with one hand, break off the white plastic cap by snapping at the perforation of the cap with your other hand (See Figure G).Do not use the syringe if the white plastic cap is missing, loose, or damaged.Do not touch the syringe tip or allow it to come into contact with any surfaces.Lay the syringe on the clean flat surface.
Step 5: Connect the syringe to adapter and vial
Remove the plastic packaging from the adapter attached to the vial by holding the vial with one hand, pressing the sides of the adapter packaging with your other hand, and then lifting the packaging upwards (See Figure H).Be sure that the adapter does not detach from the vial.
Step 6: Prepare the solution
Place the vial upright on the flat surface with the syringe pointing downwards.Slowly push the syringe plunger down until the syringe is empty (See Figure J). Do not remove the syringe from the vial adapter.
Step 7: Draw up solution
Check the solution in the vial for particles, cloudiness, or clumps. All powder must be fully dissolved and the solution must be clear. Do not use the medicine if you see particles, cloudiness, or clumps. Use a new carton of CABLIVI or call your healthcare provider.Slowly press the syringe plunger fully down.Keep the syringe on the vial and turn the vial, adapter and syringe upside down.Slowly pull the plunger down to withdraw all of the solution from the vial into the syringe (See Figure M). Do not shake it.
Step 8: Detach the syringe
Step 9: Attach the needle
Open the needle package by using both thumbs to pull apart the packaging (See Figure P).Remove the needle from the package.
Step 10: Prepare your injection site
Select an injection site on your stomach (abdomen) (See Figure S). Avoid the 2-inch area around your belly button (navel). It is important to avoid injecting in the same site on your abdomen that you used for a previous injection on consecutive days.
Step 11: Giving your injection
Carefully remove the needle cap from the needle and throw it away in a sharps disposal container (See Figure U). Make sure the needle does not touch anything before the injection.Hold the syringe at eye level with the needle pointing upwards.
Step 12: After your injection
Right after your injection, move the needle safety shield over the needle until it clicks into place to activate the shield (See Figure Z).In case you are bleeding at the injection site, place a cotton ball over the skin right away. Press gently on the cotton ball until the bleeding has stopped. If bleeding does not stop, call your healthcare provider.If your injection site becomes red or sore, call your healthcare provider right away.
Step 13: Throw away (dispose of) the used syringe and vial.
Throw away the syringe with the needle and the vial with the adapter in a FDA-cleared sharps disposal container right away after use. Do not throw away (dispose of) loose needles and syringes with your household trash.If you do not have a FDA-cleared sharps disposal container, you may use a household container that is:made of a heavy-duty plastic,can be closed with a tight-fitting, puncture-resistant lid, without sharps being able to come out,upright and stable during use,leak-resistant, andproperly labeled to warn of hazardous waste inside the container.When your sharps disposal container is almost full, you will need to follow your community guidelines for the right way to dispose of your sharps disposal container. There may be state or local laws about how you should throw away used needles and syringes. For more information about safe sharps disposal, and for specific information about sharps disposal in the state in which you live, go to the FDA’s website at: http://www.fda.gov/safesharpsdisposal.Do not dispose of your used sharps disposal container in your household trash unless your community guidelines permit this. Do not recycle your used sharps disposal container.This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.