通用中文 | 甲磺酸艾利布林注射剂 | 通用外文 | Eribulin Mesylate |
品牌中文 | ハラヴェン | 品牌外文 | Halaven |
其他名称 | エリブリン | ||
公司 | 卫材(Eisai) | 产地 | 日本(Japan) |
含量 | 1mg /2ml | 包装 | |
剂型给药 | 储存 | 室温 | |
适用范围 | 转移乳癌患者的治疗 不能手术或复发性乳腺癌 |
通用中文 | 甲磺酸艾利布林注射剂 |
通用外文 | Eribulin Mesylate |
品牌中文 | ハラヴェン |
品牌外文 | Halaven |
其他名称 | エリブリン |
公司 | 卫材(Eisai) |
产地 | 日本(Japan) |
含量 | 1mg /2ml |
包装 | |
剂型给药 | |
储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 转移乳癌患者的治疗 不能手术或复发性乳腺癌 |
Halaven(eribulin mesylate)注射剂使用说明书2010年11月第一版
Halaven(eribulin mesylate)注射剂使用说明书2010年11月第一版
批准日期:2010年11月15日;公司:Eisai Co., Ltd.
译自:http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/201532lbl.pdf
处方资料的重点
这些重点不包括安全和有效使用HALAVEN?所需的所有资料。请参阅下文对包括HALAVEN?完整处方资料。
初始美国批准:2010
------------------适应证和用途----------------
(1)HALAVEN是一种微管抑制剂适用于转移乳癌患者的治疗,患者为转移疾病治疗既往接受至少两种化疗方案。既往治疗应已包括一种蒽环类和一种紫杉烷类或者辅助或转移情况(1),
--------------剂量和给药方法------------
(1)给予1.4 mg/m2 静脉历时2至5分钟在21天疗程的第1天和第8 天(2.1)。
(2)在有肝受损和中度肾受损患者中减低剂量(2.1)。
(3)不要与其它药物混合或与含葡萄糖溶液给药(2.3)。
-------------剂型和规格----------
静脉给药。Eribulin mesylate注射剂。1 mg每2 mL(0.5 mg每mL)(3)。
--------------------禁忌证--------------------
无。
----------------警告和注意事项----------
(1)中性粒细胞减少:监测外周血细胞计数和如适当调整剂量(2.2, 5.1, 6)。
(2)周围神经病变:监查神经病变征象。用延迟和调整剂量处理 (2.2, 5.2, 6)。
(3)在妊娠中使用:当给予妊娠妇女时可能发生胎儿危害(5.3) (8.1)。
(4)QT延长:在有充血性心衰,心动过缓,已知延长QT间期药物,和电解质异常患者中监视QT间期延长。避免在患者有先天性长QT综合征(5.4).
----------------------不良反应------------------
最常见不良反应(发生率≥25%)是中性粒细胞减少,贫血,虚弱/疲劳,脱发,周围神经病变,恶心,和便秘(6)。
为报告怀疑不良反应,联系Eisai Inc. 公司电话(1-877-873-4724)或contact FDA电话1-800-FDA?1088或www.fda.gov/medwatch
--------------------特殊人群中的使用--------
(1)哺乳母亲:终止药物或哺乳,考虑药物对母亲的重要性(8.3)。
(2)肝受损:对轻度(Child-Pugh A)和中度(Child-Pugh B)肝受损患者建议较低起始量。未研究严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C)患者(8.6)。
(3)肾受损:对中度(CrCl 30-50 mL/min)肾受损患者建议较低起始量。未研究严重(CrCl < 30 mL/min)肾受损患者(8.7)。
完整处方资料
1 适应症和用途
HALAVEN是适用于转移乳癌的治疗,为转移疾病的治疗患者既往至少曾接受两种化疗方案。既往治疗应已包括一种蒽环类和一种紫杉烷类在或者辅助或转移情况。
2 剂量和给药方法
2.1 推荐剂量
HALAVEN的推荐剂量是1.4 mg/平方m静脉给药历时2至5分钟21天疗程的第1和8天。
HALAVEN的推荐剂量在有轻度肝受损患者(Child-Pugh A)中是1.1 mg/平方m静脉给药历时2至5分钟21天疗程的第1和8天[见特殊人群中的使用(8.6)]。
HALAVEN的推荐剂量在有中度肝受损患者(Child-Pugh B)中是0.7 mg/平方m静脉给药历时2至5分钟21天疗程的第1和8天[见特殊人群中的使用(8.6)]。
HALAVEN的推荐剂量在有中度肾受损患者(肌酐清除率30-50 mL/min)中是1.1 mg/平方m静脉给药历时2至5分钟21天疗程的第1和8天[见特殊人群中的使用(8.7)]。
2.2 调整剂量
每次给药前评估周围神经病变和获得全血细胞计数.
推荐剂量延迟
(1)对任何以下情况在第1或第8天不要给予HALAVEN:
1)ANC < 1,000/立方mm
2)血小板 < 75,000/立方mm
3)3 级或4非血液学毒性。
(2)第8天剂量可能被后延最多1周。
1)如第15天毒性没有解决或改善至 ≤ 2 级严重程度,省略该剂量。
2)如第15天毒性解决或改善至 ≤ 2 级严重性,给予HALAVEN。在减低剂量和不早于2周开始下一疗程。
减低推荐剂量
(1)如某剂量曾为毒性被延迟而毒性恢复至2 级严重程度或更低,在减低剂量恢复HALAVEN如表1.
(2)在曾被减低后不要再增加HALAVEN剂量。
2.3 为配制和给药指导
从单次使用小瓶无菌抽吸需要量的HALAVEN和给予未稀释或稀释在100 mL 0.9%氯化钠注射液,USP。
不要稀释在含葡萄糖溶液或通过含葡萄糖溶液静脉输注线给药。不要同时用其它药品静脉输注线给药。
在室温贮存注射器内未稀释HALAVEN放置至4小时或在冰箱(40°F或/4°C)f至24小时。在室温贮存稀释好HALAVEN 溶液至4小时或在冰箱至24小时。
遗弃小瓶未使用部分。
3 剂型和规格
HALAVEN(eribulin mesylate)注射剂,1 mg/2 mL(0.5 mg/mL)。
4 禁忌证
无。
5 警告和注意事项
5.1 中性粒细胞减少
在研究1中严重中性粒细胞减少(ANC < 500/立方mm)持续1周以上发生12%(62/503)患者,导致<1%患者停药[见不良反应(6)]。有丙氨酸转氨酶或天冬氨酸转氨酸 > 3 × ULN(正常上限)患者比正常转氨酶水平患者经受较高发生率的4 级中性粒细胞减少和发热性中性粒细胞减少。有胆红素 > 1.5 × ULN患者也有较高发生率的4 级中性粒细胞减少和发热性中性粒细胞减少。
每次给药前监视全血细胞计数;发生3或4级全血细胞减少患者增加监视频数。延迟给予HALAVEN和减少随后剂量在经受发热性中性粒细胞减少或4 级中性粒细胞减少患者持续比7天更长[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。HALAVEN的临床研究没有包括有基线嗜中性计数低于1,500/立方mm患者。
5.2 周围神经病变
在研究1中发生3 级8%(40/503)患者,和4 级0.4%(2/503)的周围神经病变患者。周围神经病变是导致终止HALAVEN最常见毒性(5%患者;24/503)。5%(26/503)患者发生神经病变持续1年以上。22%(109/503)患者发生新的神经病变或神经病变恶化,在中位随访期269天(范围25-662天)内尚未恢复。密切监查患者的周边运动和感觉神经病变征象。经受3或4级周围神经病变患者不给HALAVEN直至解决至2级或更低[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
5.3 胚胎-胎儿毒性
在妊娠妇女中没有HALAVEN的适当和对照良好研究。HALAVEN是一种微管抑制剂;所以,当给予妊娠妇女预期引起胎儿危害。如此药在妊娠期间使用,或一例服用此药患者成为妊娠,她应被忠告对胎儿的潜在危害[见特殊人群中的使用(8.1)]。
5.4 QT延长
在在26例患者中一项非对照开放ECG研究,观察到在弟天QT延长,与eribulin浓度无关,在第1天未观察到QT延长。如有充血性心衰,心动过缓,已知延长QT间期药物,包括类型Ia和III抗心律失常药,和电解质异常患者开始治疗建议监测ECG。开始HALAVEN前纠正低钾血症和低镁血症和治疗期间定期监测这些电解质。有先天性长QT综合征患者中避免用HALAVEN。
6 不良反应
在说明书其它章节中更详细讨论以下不良反应:
(1)中性粒细胞减少[见警告和注意事项(5.1)]
(2)周围神经病变[见警告和注意事项(5.2)]
(3)QT间期延长[见警告和注意事项(5.4)]。
接受Halaven患者中报道最常见不良反应(≥25%)是中性粒细胞减少,贫血,虚弱/疲劳,脱发,周围神经病变,恶心,和便秘。
最常见严重不良反应报道的接受Halaven患者中是发热性中性粒细胞减少(4%)和中性粒细胞减少(2%)。最常见不良反应导致终止HALAVEN是周围神经病变(5%)。
因为临床研究是在广泛不同情况下进行。某药临床试验中观察到是不良反应不能直接与另一个药物临床试验发生率比较而且可能不反映在实践中观察的发生率。
在临床试验中,HALAVEN曾被给予1,222例有多种肿瘤类型患者,包括240例患者暴露于HALAVEN共6个月或更长。1,222例患者的大多数是妇女(82%)有中位年龄58岁(范围:26至91岁)。种族和民族分布是高加索(83%), 黑人(5%), 亚裔(2%),和其它(5%)。
表2中描述在研究1中在750例被治疗患者中被鉴定的不良反应[见临床研究(14)]。在研究1中,患者被随机化(2:1)接受或者HALAVEN(在21天疗程的第1和第8天1.4 mg/m2)或被其医生选择的单药治疗(对照组)。总共503例患者接受HALAVEN,和对照组中247例患者接受化疗组成的治疗[总共97%(蒽环类10%,卡培他滨[capecitabine]18%,吉西他滨19%,紫杉烷类15%,长春瑞滨25%,其它化疗10%)]或激素治疗(3%)。接受HALAVEN患者中位暴露时间为118天和接受对照治疗患者为63天。表2任一组内患者报道发生至少10%的最常见不良反应。
全血细胞减少:在研究1中接受HALAVEN患者28%(143/503)发生3 级中性粒细胞减少,和29%(144/503)患者经受4 级中性粒细胞减少。5% (23/503)患者发生发热性中性粒细胞减少;2例患者(0.4%)死于发热性中性粒细胞减少的并发症。12%(62/503)患者由于中性粒细胞减少需要减低剂量而<1%患者需要停药。至最低值中位时间为13天和从严重中性粒细胞减少(<500/立方mm)至恢复平均时间为8天。1%(7/503)患者中发生3级或更高血小板减少症。19%接受HALAVEN患者中使用G-CSF(粒细胞集落-刺激因子)或GM-CSF(粒细胞–巨噬细胞集落-刺激因子)。
周围神经病变:在研究1中,在基线时,17 %纳入患者有1级周围神经病变和3%患者有2级周围神经病变。3%(14/503)接受HALAVEN患者由于周围神经病变减低剂量。4%(20/503)患者经受任何等级的周边运动神经病变和2%(8/503)患者发生3级周边运动神经病变。
肝功能试验异常:患者在基线时有0或1级ALT水平之中,18%的HALAVEN-治疗患者经受2级或更高ALT升高。一例HALAVEN-治疗患者无记录的肝转移有同时的胆红素和ALT 2 级升高;这些异常解决和再暴露于HALAVEN没有复发。.
较不常见不良反应:下面另外的不良反应是HALAVEN-治疗组报道≥5%至<10%:
(1)眼疾患:增加流泪
(2)胃肠道疾患:消化不良,腹痛,口炎,口干
(3)一般疾患和给药部位情况:周边水肿
(4)感染和虫染:上呼吸道感染
(5)代谢和营养疾患:低钾血症
(6)肌肉骨骼和结缔组织疾患:肌肉软弱,肌肉软弱
(7)神经系统疾患:味觉障碍,眩晕
(8)精神疾患:失眠,抑郁
(9)皮肤和皮下组织疾患:皮疹
7 药物相互作用
7.1 其它药物对HALAVEN的影响
预期与CYP3A4抑制剂或P-gp抑制剂无药物-药物相互作用。在一项开放,两-治疗,两-顺序,两-因子交叉试验在12例晚期实体瘤患者中研究酮康唑[ketoconazole],一种细胞色素P450 3A4(CYP3A4)的强抑制剂和P-gp 抑制剂对eribulin的药代动力学(PK)影响。当在有或无酮康唑给予eribulin,平均剂量-归一化AUC值 相似(AUC均数的比值:0.97;90% CI:0.83, 1.12)。
7.2 HALAVEN对其它药物的影响
在临床有意义浓度时,Eribulin不抑制CYP1A2,CYP2C9,CYP2C19,CYP2D6,CYP2E1或CYP3A4酶或诱导CYP1A2,CYP2C9,CYP2C19或CYP3A4酶。预期Eribulin不改变这些酶底物药物的血浆浓度[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
8 特殊人群中的使用
8.1 妊娠类别D [见警告和注意事项(5.3)]
在妊娠妇女中没有用HALAVEN的适当和对照良好研究。HALAVEN是一种微管抑制剂,所以,预计当给予妊娠妇女时引起胎儿危害。大鼠接受eribulin mesylate根据体表面积在约推荐人用剂量一半时发生胚胎-胎儿毒性和致畸胎性。如此药在妊娠期间使用,或如用此药时患者成为妊娠,应忠告患者对胎儿的潜在危害。
在一项发育毒性研究中,妊娠大鼠在器官形成期接受静脉输注eribulin mesylate(怀孕第8,10,和12天)根据体表面积(mg/平方m)剂量约推荐人用剂量的0.04,0.13,0.43和 0.64倍。在根据体表面积(mg/平方m)剂量约推荐人用剂量的0.6倍时观察到子代流产增加和严重外或软组织畸形,包括缺乏下颚,舌,胃和脾。还报道在或高于推荐人用剂量0.43倍时。胚胎-胎儿死亡/再吸收增加,胎儿体重减轻,和此药骨骼异常与发育延迟一致。
大鼠在或高于推荐人用剂量(mg/平方m)0.43倍时报道eribulin mesylate母体毒性并包括脾脏肿大,母体体重增量减小和食耗量减低。
8.3 哺乳母亲
不知道HALAVEN是否被排泄至人乳。在人或动物未进行研究确定HALAVEN是否被排泄至乳汁。因为许多药物被排泄至人乳和因为人乳喂养婴儿来自HALAVEN严重不良反应的潜能,应做出决策是否终止哺乳或终止HALAVEN,考虑到药物对母亲的重要性。
8.4 儿童使用
未曾确定低于年龄18岁儿童患者HALAVEN的安全性和有效性。
8.5 老年人使用
研究1没有包括足够数量年龄65岁和以上受试者以确定他们反应是否不同于较年轻受试者。接受推荐剂量和HALAVEN临床研究计划的827例受试者之中,15%(121/827)是65和以上,和2%(17/827)患者是75和以上。这些受试者和较年轻受试者间未观察到安全性的总体差别。
8.6 肝受损
一项研究评价有轻度 (Child-Pugh A;n=7)和中度(Child-Pugh B;n=5)肝受损患者中eribulin的PK。与有正常肝功能患者(n=6)比较,在有轻度和中度肝受损患者中eribulin暴露分别增加1.8-倍和2.5-倍。. 有轻度肝受损患者给予HALAVEN剂量1.1 mg/平方m和有中度肝受损患者给予0.7 mg/平方m导致与有正常肝功能患者给予剂量1.4 mg/平方m时对eribulin相似的暴露。对有轻度肝受损(Child-Pugh A)患者推荐较低的开始剂量1.1 mg/平方m而有中度肝受损(Child-Pugh B)患者推荐开始量为0.7 mg/平方m。尚未在有严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C)患者研究HALAVEN[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
8.7 肾受损
在有肾受损患者中未用HALAVEN进行正式PK试验。可供利用资料提示对有轻度肾受损(CrCl 50-80 mL/min)患者无需调整剂量。但是,对有中度肾受损患者(CrCl 30-50 mL/min),与正常肾功能患者比较几何均数剂量-归一化全身暴露增加2-倍。对有中度肾受损患者建议用较低的起始剂量1.1 mg/平方m。在有严重肾受损患者(CrCl < 30 mL/min)中未研究果HALAVEN的安全性[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
10 药物过量
曾被报道的HALAVEN的药物过量在推荐剂量约4倍,导致3 级中性粒细胞减少持续7天和3 级 超敏性反应持续1天。
对HALAVEN药物过量无已知的解毒药。
11 一般描述
HALAVEN(eribulin mesylate)注射剂是一种非-紫杉烷类微管动力学抑制剂。Eribulin mesylate是一种从海绵Halichondria okadai分离的产物,halichondrin B的合成类似物。eribulin mesylate的化学名是11,15:18,21:24,28Triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo[3,2-i]furo[2',3':5,6]pyrano[4,3b][1,4]dioxacyclopentacosin-5(4H)-one,-[(2S)-3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl]hexacosahydro-3methoxy-26-methyl- 20,27-bis (methylene)-, (2R,3R,3aS,7R,8aS,9S,10aR,11S,12R,13aR,13bS,15S,18S,21S,24S,26R,28R,29aS)-, methanesulfonate (盐)。分子量826.0(游离碱729.9)。经验式是C40H59NO11?CH4O3S。Eribulin mesylate 结构式如下:
HALAVEN是一种澄明,无色,无菌溶液为静脉给药。个小瓶含1 mg的eribulin mesylate作为0.5 mg/mL在乙醇水(5:95)溶液中。.
12 临床药理学
12.1 作用机制
Eribulin抑制生长期的微管缩短期无影响和解聚[sequesters]微管成为非生产性[nonproductive]聚合。Eribulin通过一种基于微管抗肿瘤机制发挥其作用导致G2/M细胞-周期阻断,破坏有丝分裂纺锤体,和,长期有丝分裂阻断后最终,凋亡细胞死亡。
12.2 药效动力学
心脏电生理学
在一项开放,非对照,多中心,单组专门QT试验中评估HALAVEN对QTc间期的影响。总共26例有实体瘤患者在21天疗程的第1和第8天接受1.4 mg平方/m的HALAVEN,在第8天观察到延迟的QTc延长,第1天未观察到延长。最大平均QTcF从基线(95%可信区间上限)的变化为11.4(19.5) ms。
12.3 药代动力学
Eribulin的药代动力学是线性跨越剂量范围0.25 mg/平方m至4.0 mg/平方m,有平均消除半衰期约40小时,平均分布容积of 43 L/平方m至114 L/平方m。和平均清除率1.16 L/hr平方/m至2.42 L/hr平方/m。在浓度100 ng/mL至1,000 ng/mL范围eribulin与人血浆蛋白结合从49%至65%。在多次给药后Eribulin暴露与单次给药相当。在每周给药未观察到eribulin的积蓄。
代谢
在给予14C-eribulin至患者后血浆中主要循环成分是未变化eribulin。代谢物浓度代表母体化合物的<0.6%,证实无重要eribulin的人代谢物。
在体外细胞色素P450 3A4(CYP3A4)代谢eribulin可被忽略。在人肝微粒体中Eribulin抑制CYP3A4活性,但eribulin很不可能实质上增加血浆CYP3A4底物的水平。在原代人肝细胞中Eribulin显示对CYP1A,CYP2C9,CYP2C19,和CYP3A无诱导潜能。在合并人肝微粒体中用eribulin浓度至5 μM未检测到CYP1A2,CYP2C9,CYP2C19,CYP2D6,或CYP2E1的显著抑制作用。体外药物相互作用研究表明eribulin不抑制是这些酶底物的药物而eribulin不太可能将影响CYP 酶的底物药物的血浆水平。在体外Eribulin是药物流出转运蛋白P-gp的一种底物和弱抑制剂。
消除
Eribulin主要在粪中未变化被消除。After 给予14C-eribulin至患者后,在粪中约82%的剂量被消除和9%在尿中。在粪中和尿,未变化eribulin分别占剂量的约88%和91%。
年龄,性别,和种族的影响
根据用来自340例患者采集的资料一项群体药代动力学分析,性别,种族,和年龄对eribulin的PK没有临床意义的影响。
13 非临床毒理学
13.1 癌发生,突变发生,生育力受损
未曾用eribulin mesylate进行致癌性研究。
体外细菌回复突变检测中(Ames试验)Eribulin mesylate无致突变性。Eribulin mesylate was positive在小鼠淋巴瘤突变发生分析中是阳性,和在体内大鼠骨髓微核分析中是致染色体断裂的。
HALAVEN对人生育力影响是未知的。未曾用eribulin mesylate在人或动物中进行生育力研究。但是,在犬和大鼠毒理学研究重复给药中非临床发现提示用eribulin mesylate治疗可能损伤雄性生育力。大鼠表现睾丸毒性(生精上皮细胞过少与精子减少症/无精子)用eribulin mesylate给药后在或高于推荐人剂量(mg/平方m)0.43倍每周给予1次共3周,或在或推荐人剂量(mg/平方m)0.21倍以上每周给予1次,每周1次共3/5周,重复6个疗程。在犬中给予人推荐剂量(mg/平方m)的0.64倍共3/5周,重复6个疗程也观察到睾丸毒性。
14 临床研究
研究1是762例转移乳癌接受至少种化疗方案为转移疾病治疗和其末次化疗方案6个月内经受疾病进展患者的一项开放,随机化,多中心试验。要求患者接受既往基于蒽环类-和紫杉烷类-化疗为辅助或转移疾病。患者被随机化(2:1)接受HALAVEN(n=508)或一种随机化前被选定单药治疗(对照组, n=254)。按地理区域,HER2/neu状态,和既往卡培他滨暴露被随机化分层。在21天疗程的第1和第8天给予HALAVEN剂量1.4 mg/m2。HALAVEN-治疗患者接受中位5个疗程(范围:1至23疗程)治疗。
对照组治疗由97%化疗(26%长春瑞滨[vinorelbine],18%吉西他滨[gemcitabine],18%卡培他滨,16%紫杉烷类,9%蒽环类,10%其它化疗),和3%激素治疗组成。主要有效性结局是总生存。
患者人口统计和基线特征治疗组间有可比性。中位年龄为55岁(范围:27至85岁)和92%是白人。64%患者被纳入北美/西欧/澳大利亚,25%在东欧/俄罗斯,和11%在拉丁美洲南非。91%患者有基线ECOG体能状态0或1。肿瘤预后特征,包括雌激素受体状态(阳性:67%,阴性:28%),孕激素受体状态(阳性:49%,阴性:39%),HER2/neu受体状态(阳性:16%,阴性:74%),三阴状态(ER-,PR-,HER2/neu-:19%),内脏疾病的存在(82%,包括60%肝和38%肺)和骨疾病(61%),和转移部位数(大于两个:50%),HALAVEN和对照组也是相似。在两组中患者接受中位4种既往化疗方案。
在研究1中,观察到随机化至HALAVEN组患者与对照组(见表3)比较总生存统计显著改善。一个更新,非计划生存分析,进行当已观察到77%事件(见图1),与主要分析一致。在随机化至HALAVEN患者中,按照RECIST标准客观反应率为11%(95% CI:8.6%,14.3%)和中位反应时间为4.2个月(95% CI:3.8,5.0个月)。。
Halaven(卫材)
合成通过关注与附着在潮间带(海洋生物)的岩石黑ISO海绵中提取的天然物质,称为软海绵素B1发达,是日本的一种新的抗癌药物的诞生。
患者的新选择与乳腺癌
通过与微管的细胞内组织的作用干涉细胞分裂中发挥重要作用,细胞分裂停止,并抑制癌细胞的增殖。
用于已经接受化疗的患者包括蒽环类和紫杉类抗癌药物在乳腺癌中,我们知道,有可能延长生存期单药。
基本的给药方案,三周为一个周期,连续一周一次给予两周,第三个星期之后,将停药。管理时间已成为短到5分钟,这是负担,患者的日常生活的约束较少的注射药物。
癌症指示
不能手术或复发性乳腺癌
主要的副作用
传染病由骨髓抑制,外周神经病变,肝功能障碍,间质性肺炎,脱发,恶心,口腔炎,味觉障碍,疲劳
使用注意事项
晚期患者骨髓抑制,病人对药物的成分过敏,患者可能任务或怀孕已成为用量禁忌。因为它含有少量酒精,过敏性患者在酒精你一定要小心。
Halaven
Generic Name: eribulin mesylate
Dosage Form: injection
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
1.1 Metastatic Breast Cancer
Halaven is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer who have previously received at least two chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of metastatic disease. Prior therapy should have included an anthracycline and a taxane in either the adjuvant or metastatic setting [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].
1.2 Liposarcoma
Halaven is indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma who have received a prior anthracycline-containing regimen [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Recommended Dose
The recommended dose of Halaven is 1.4 mg/m2administered intravenously over 2 to 5 minutes on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle.
The recommended dose of Halaven in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A) is 1.1 mg/m2administered intravenously over 2 to 5 minutes on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
The recommended dose of Halaven in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B) is 0.7 mg/m2administered intravenously over 2 to 5 minutes on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
The recommended dose of Halaven in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance (CLcr) 15-49 mL/min) is 1.1 mg/m2 administered intravenously over 2 to 5 minutes on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7)].
2.2 Dose Modification
Assess for peripheral neuropathy and obtain complete blood cell counts prior to each dose.
Recommended dose delays
· Do not administer Halaven on Day 1 or Day 8 for any of the following:
- ANC < 1,000/mm3
- Platelets < 75,000/mm3
- Grade 3 or 4 non-hematological toxicities.
· The Day 8 dose may be delayed for a maximum of 1 week.
- If toxicities do not resolve or improve to ≤ Grade 2 severity by Day 15, omit the dose.
- If toxicities resolve or improve to ≤ Grade 2 severity by Day 15, administer Halaven at a reduced dose and initiate the next cycle no sooner than 2 weeks later.
Recommended dose reductions
· If a dose has been delayed for toxicity and toxicities have recovered to Grade 2 severity or less, resume Halaven at a reduced dose as set out in Table 1.
· Do not re-escalate Halaven dose after it has been reduced.
Table 1: Recommended Dose Reductions |
|
Event Description |
Recommended Halaven |
Permanently reduce the 1.4 mg/m2 Halaven dose for any of the |
1.1 mg/m2 |
ANC <500/mm3 for >7 days |
|
ANC <1,000 /mm3 with fever or infection |
|
Platelets <25,000/mm3 |
|
Platelets <50,000/mm3 requiring transfusion |
|
Non-hematologic Grade 3 or 4 toxicities |
|
Omission or delay of Day 8 Halaven dose in previous cycle for toxicity |
|
Occurrence of any event requiring permanent dose reduction while receiving 1.1 mg/m2 |
0.7 mg/m2 |
Occurrence of any event requiring permanent dose reduction while receiving 0.7 mg/m2 |
Discontinue Halaven |
ANC = absolute neutrophil count. |
2.3 Instructions for Preparation and Administration
Aseptically withdraw the required amount of Halaven from the single-use vial and administer undiluted or diluted in 100 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.
Do not dilute in or administer through an intravenous line containing solutions with dextrose. Do not administer in the same intravenous line concurrent with the other medicinal products.
Store undiluted Halaven in the syringe for up to 4 hours at room temperature or for up to 24 hours under refrigeration (40°F or 4°C). Store diluted solutions of Halaven for up to 4 hours at room temperature or up to 24 hours under refrigeration.
Discard unused portions of the vial.
DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
Injection: 1 mg/2 mL (0.5 mg/mL).
CONTRAINDICATIONS
None.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1 Neutropenia
In Study 1, severe neutropenia (ANC < 500/mm3) lasting more than one week occurred in 12% (62/503) of patients with metastatic breast cancer, leading to discontinuation in <1% of patients. Febrile neutropenia (fever ≥38.5°C with Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia) occurred in 5% (23/503) of patients; two patients (0.4%) died from complications of febrile neutropenia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
In Study 1, patients with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 3 × ULN (upper limit of normal) experienced a higher incidence of Grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia than patients with normal aminotransferase levels. Patients with bilirubin > 1.5 × ULN also had a higher incidence of Grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia.
In Study 2, severe neutropenia (ANC < 500/mm3) lasting more than one week occurred in 12% (26/222) of patients with liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 0.9% of patients treated with Halaven and fatal neutropenic sepsis in 0.9% [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Monitor complete blood counts prior to each dose; increase the frequency of monitoring in patients who develop Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias. Delay administration of Halaven and reduce subsequent doses in patients who experience febrile neutropenia or Grade 4 neutropenia lasting longer than 7 days [seeDosage and Administration (2.2)]. Clinical studies of Halaven did not include patients with baseline neutrophil counts below 1,500/mm3.
5.2 Peripheral Neuropathy
In Study 1, Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy occurred in 8% (40/503) of patients, and Grade 4 in 0.4% (2/503) of patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Peripheral neuropathy was the most common toxicity leading to discontinuation of Halaven (5% of patients; 24/503) in Study
1. Neuropathy lasting more than one year occurred in 5% (26/503) of patients. Twenty-two percent (109/503) of patients developed a new or worsening neuropathy that had not recovered within a median follow-up duration of 269 days (range 25-662 days).
In Study 2, Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy occurred in 3.1% (7/223) of Halaven-treated patients. Peripheral neuropathy led to discontinuation of Halaven in 0.9% of patients. The median time to first occurrence of peripheral neuropathy of any severity was 5 months (range: 3.5 months to 9 months). Neuropathy lasting more than 60 days occurred in 58% (38/65) of patients. Sixty three percent (41/65) had not recovered within a median follow-up duration of 6.4 months (range: 27 days to 29 months).
Monitor patients closely for signs of peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy. Withhold Halaven in patients who experience Grade 3 or 4 peripheral neuropathy, until resolution to Grade 2 or less [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
5.3 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Based on findings from an animal reproduction study and its mechanism of action, Halaven can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Halaven in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, eribulin mesylate caused embryo-fetal toxicity when administered to pregnant rats during organogenesis at doses below the recommended human dose. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for at least 2 weeks following the final dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for 3.5 months following the final dose [seeUse in Specific Populations (8.1)].
5.4 QT Prolongation
In an uncontrolled open-label ECG study in 26 patients, QT prolongation was observed on Day 8, independent of eribulin concentration, with no QT prolongation observed on Day 1. ECG monitoring is recommended if therapy is initiated in patients with congestive heart failure, bradyarrhythmias, drugs known to prolong the QT interval, including Class Ia and III antiarrhythmics, and electrolyte abnormalities. Correct hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia prior to initiating Halaven and monitor these electrolytes periodically during therapy. Avoid Halaven in patients with congenital long QT syndrome.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, the adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in other clinical trials and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
The following adverse reactions are discussed in detail in other sections of the labeling:
· Neutropenia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
· Peripheral neuropathy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
· QT prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
In clinical trials, Halaven has been administered to 1963 patients including 467 patients exposed to Halaven for 6 months or longer. The majority of the 1963 patients were women (92%) with a median age of 55 years (range: 17 to 85 years). The racial and ethnic distribution was White (72%), Black (4%), Asian (9%), and other (3%).
Metastatic Breast Cancer
The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) reported in patients receiving Halaven were neutropenia, anemia, asthenia/fatigue, alopecia, peripheral neuropathy, nausea, and constipation. The most common serious adverse reactions reported in patients receiving Halaven were febrile neutropenia (4%) and neutropenia (2%). The most common adverse reaction resulting in discontinuation of Halaven was peripheral neuropathy (5%).
The adverse reactions described in Table 2 were identified in 750 patients treated in Study 1 [seeClinical Studies (14.1)]. In Study 1, patients were randomized (2:1) to receive either Halaven (1.4 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle) or single agent treatment chosen by their physician (control group). A total of 503 patients received Halaven and 247 patients in the control group received therapy consisting of chemotherapy [total 97% (anthracyclines 10%, capecitabine 18%, gemcitabine 19%, taxanes 15%, vinorelbine 25%, other chemotherapies 10%)] or hormonal therapy (3%). The median duration of exposure was 118 days for patients receiving Halaven and 63 days for patients receiving control therapy. Table 2 reports the most common adverse reactions occurring in at least 10% of patients in either group.
Table 2: Adverse Reactionsa with a Per-Patient Incidence of at Least 10% in Study 1 |
||||
|
Halaven |
Control Group |
||
All Grades |
≥ Grade 3 |
All Grades |
≥ Grade 3 |
|
Blood and lymphatic system disordersb |
||||
Neutropenia |
82% |
57% |
53% |
23% |
Anemia |
58% |
2% |
55% |
4% |
Nervous system disorders |
||||
Peripheral neuropathyc |
35% |
8% |
16% |
2% |
Headache |
19% |
<1% |
12% |
<1% |
General disorders |
||||
Asthenia/Fatigue |
54% |
10% |
40% |
11% |
Pyrexia |
21% |
<1% |
13% |
<1% |
Mucosal inflammation |
9% |
1% |
10% |
2% |
Gastrointestinal disorders |
||||
Nausea |
35% |
1% |
28% |
3% |
Constipation |
25% |
1% |
21% |
1% |
Vomiting |
18% |
1% |
18% |
1% |
Diarrhea |
18% |
0 |
18% |
0 |
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders |
||||
Arthralgia/Myalgia |
22% |
<1% |
12% |
1% |
Back pain |
16% |
1% |
7% |
2% |
Bone pain |
12% |
2% |
9% |
2% |
Pain in extremity |
11% |
1% |
10% |
1% |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders |
||||
Decreased weight |
21% |
1% |
14% |
<1% |
Anorexia |
20% |
1% |
13% |
1% |
Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders |
||||
Dyspnea |
16% |
4% |
13% |
4% |
Cough |
14% |
0 |
9% |
0 |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders |
||||
Alopecia |
45% |
NAd |
10% |
NAd |
Infections |
||||
Urinary Tract Infection |
10% |
1% |
5% |
0 |
a adverse reactions were graded per National Cancer Institute Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. |
Cytopenias: Grade 3 neutropenia occurred in 28% (143/503) of patients who received Halaven in Study 1, and 29% (144/503) of patients experienced Grade 4 neutropenia. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 5% (23/503) of patients; two patients (0.4%) died from complications of febrile neutropenia. Dose reduction due to neutropenia was required in 12% (62/503) of patients and discontinuation was required in <1% of patients. The mean time to nadir was 13 days and the mean time to recovery from severe neutropenia (<500/mm3) was 8 days. Grade 3 or greater thrombocytopenia occurred in 1% (7/503) of patients. G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) or GM-CSF (granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor) was used in 19% of patients who received Halaven.
Peripheral Neuropathy: In Study 1, 17% of enrolled patients had Grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and 3% of patients had Grade 2 peripheral neuropathy at baseline. Dose reduction due to peripheral neuropathy was required by 3% (14/503) of patients who received Halaven. Four percent (20/503) of patients experienced peripheral motor neuropathy of any grade and 2% (8/503) of patients developed Grade 3 peripheral motor neuropathy.
Liver Function Test Abnormalities: Among patients with Grade 0 or 1 ALT levels at baseline, 18% of Halaven-treated patients experienced Grade 2 or greater ALT elevation. One Halaven-treated patient without documented liver metastases had concomitant Grade 2 elevations in bilirubin and ALT; these abnormalities resolved and did not recur with re-exposure to Halaven.
Less Common Adverse Reactions: The following additional adverse reactions were reported in ≥5% to <10% of the Halaven-treated group:
· Eye Disorders: increased lacrimation
· Gastrointestinal Disorders: dyspepsia, abdominal pain, stomatitis, dry mouth
· General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions: peripheral edema
· Infections and Infestations: upper respiratory tract infection
· Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: hypokalemia
· Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders: muscle spasms, muscular weakness
· Nervous System Disorders: dysgeusia, dizziness
· Psychiatric Disorders: insomnia, depression
· Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: rash
Liposarcoma
The safety of Halaven was evaluated in Study 2, an open-label, randomized, multicenter, active-controlled trial, in which patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either Halaven 1.4 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle or dacarbazine at doses of 850 mg/m2 (20%), 1000 mg/m2 (64%), or 1200 mg/m2 (16%) every 3 weeks. A total of 223 patients received Halaven and 221 patients received dacarbazine. Patients were required to have received at least two prior systemic chemotherapy regimens. The trial excluded patients with pre-existing ≥ Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy, known central nervous system metastasis, elevated serum bilirubin or significant chronic liver disease, history of myocardial infarction within 6 months, history of New York Heart Association Class II or IV heart failure, or cardiac arrhythmia requiring treatment. The median age of the safety population in Study 2 was 56 years (range: 24 to 83 years); 67% female; 73% White, 3% Black or African American, 8% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 15% unknown; 99% received prior anthracycline-containing regimen; and 99% received ≥ 2 prior regimens. The median duration of exposure was 2.3 months (range: 21 days to 26 months) for patients receiving Halaven [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) reported in patients receiving Halaven were fatigue, nausea, alopecia, constipation, peripheral neuropathy, abdominal pain, and pyrexia. The most common (≥5%) Grade 3-4 laboratory abnormalities reported in patients receiving Halaven were neutropenia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia. The most common serious adverse reactions reported in patients receiving Halaven were neutropenia (4.9%) and pyrexia (4.5%). Permanent discontinuation of Halaven for adverse reactions occurred in 8% of patients. The most common adverse reactions resulting in discontinuation of Halaven were fatigue and thrombocytopenia (0.9% each). Twenty-six percent of patients required at least one dose reduction. The most frequent adverse reactions that led to dose reduction were neutropenia (18%) and peripheral neuropathy (4.0%).
Table 3 summarizes the incidence of adverse reactions occurring in at least 10% of patients in the Halaven-treated arm in Study 2.
Table 3: Adverse Reactionsa Occurring in ≥10% (all Grades) of Patients Treated on the Halaven arm and at a Higher Incidence than in the Dacarbazine Arm (Between Arm Difference of ≥5% for All Grades or ≥2% for Grades 3 and 4) (Study 2)b |
||||
|
Halaven |
Dacarbazine |
||
All Grades |
Grades 3-4 |
All Grades |
Grades 3-4 |
|
Nervous system disorders |
||||
Peripheral Neuropathyc |
29% |
3.1% |
8% |
0.5% |
Headache |
18% |
0% |
10% |
0% |
General disorders |
||||
Pyrexia |
28% |
0.9% |
14% |
0.5% |
Gastrointestinal disorders |
||||
Constipation |
32% |
0.9% |
26% |
0.5% |
Abdominal paind |
29% |
1.8% |
23% |
4.1% |
Stomatitis |
14% |
0.9% |
5% |
0.5% |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders |
||||
Alopecia |
35% |
NAe |
2.7% |
NAe |
Infections |
||||
Urinary tract infection |
11% |
2.2% |
5% |
0.5% |
a Adverse reactions were graded per National Cancer Institute Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 (NCI CTCAE v4.03). |
Other clinically important adverse reactions occurring in ≥10% of the Halaven-treated patients were:
· Gastrointestinal Disorders: nausea (41%); vomiting (19%), diarrhea (17%)
· General Disorders: asthenia/fatigue (62%); peripheral edema (12%)
· Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: decreased appetite (19%)
· Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders: arthralgia/myalgia (16%); back pain (16%)
· Respiratory Disorders: cough (18%)
Less Common Adverse Reactions: The following additional clinically important adverse reactions were reported in ≥5% to <10% of the Halaven-treated group:
· Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders: thrombocytopenia
· Eye Disorders: increased lacrimation
· Gastrointestinal Disorders: dyspepsia
· Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: hyperglycemia
· Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders: muscle spasms, musculoskeletal pain
· Nervous System Disorders: dizziness, dysgeusia
· Psychiatric Disorders: insomnia, anxiety
· Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders: oropharyngeal pain
· Vascular Disorders: hypotension
Table 4: Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥10% (all Grades) of Patients Treated on the Halaven arm and at a Higher Incidence than in the Dacarbazine Arm (Between Arm Difference of ≥5% for All Grades or ≥2% for Grades 3 and 4)a (Study 2)† |
||||
Laboratory Abnormality |
Halaven |
Dacarbazine |
||
All Grades |
Grades 3 - 4 |
All Grades |
Grades 3 – 4 |
|
Hematology |
||||
Anemia |
70% |
4.1% |
52% |
6% |
Neutropenia |
63% |
32% |
30% |
8.9% |
Chemistry |
||||
Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) |
43% |
2.3% |
28% |
2.3% |
Increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) |
36% |
0.9% |
16% |
0.5% |
Hypokalemia |
30% |
5.4% |
14% |
2.8% |
Hypocalcemia |
28% |
5% |
18% |
1.4% |
Hypophosphatemia |
20% |
3.2% |
11% |
1.4% |
a Each test incidence is based on the number of patients who had both baseline and at least one on-study measurement and at least 1 grade increase from baseline.Halaven group (range 221-222) and dacarbazine group (range 214-215) |
6.2 Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse drug reactions have been identified during post-approval of Halaven. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
· Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders: lymphopenia
· Gastrointestinal Disorders: pancreatitis
· Hepatobiliary Disorders: hepatotoxicity
· Immune System Disorders: drug hypersensitivity
· Infections and Infestations: pneumonia, sepsis/neutropenic sepsis
· Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: hypomagnesemia, dehydration
· Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: interstitial lung disease
· Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: pruritus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis
DRUG INTERACTIONS
7.1 Effects of Other Drugs on Halaven
No drug-drug interactions are expected with CYP3A4 inhibitors, CYP3A4 inducers or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors. Clinically meaningful differences in exposure (AUC) were not observed in patients with advanced solid tumors when Halaven was administered with or without ketoconazole (a strong inhibitor of CYP3A4 and a P-gp inhibitor) and when Halaven was administered with or without rifampin (a CYP3A4 inducer) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
7.2 Effects of Halaven on Other Drugs
Eribulin does not inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 enzymes or induce CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 or CYP3A4 enzymes at relevant clinical concentrations. Eribulin is not expected to alter the plasma concentrations of drugs that are substrates of these enzymes [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1 Pregnancy
Risk Summary
Based on findings from an animal reproduction study and its mechanism of action, Halaven can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available data on the use of Halaven during pregnancy. In an animal reproduction study, eribulin mesylate caused embryo-fetal toxicity when administered to pregnant rats during organogenesis at doses below the recommended human dose [see Data]. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations are unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically-recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Data
Animal Data
In an embryo-fetal developmental toxicity study, pregnant rats received intravenous infusion of eribulin mesylate during organogenesis (Gestation Days 8, 10, and 12) at doses approximately 0.04, 0.13, 0.43 and 0.64 times the recommended human dose, based on body surface area. Increased abortion and severe fetal external or soft tissue malformations, including the absence of a lower jaw and tongue, or stomach and spleen, were observed at doses 0.64 times the recommended human dose of 1.4 mg/m2based on body surface area. Increased embryo-fetal death/resorption, reduced fetal weights, and minor skeletal anomalies consistent with developmental delay were also reported at doses at or above a maternally toxic dose of approximately 0.43 times the recommended human dose.
8.2 Lactation
Risk Summary
There is no information regarding the presence of eribulin mesylate or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. No lactation studies in animals were conducted. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from eribulin mesylate, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Halaven and for 2 weeks after the final dose.
8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
Contraception
Females
Based on findings from an animal reproduction study and its mechanism of action, Halaven can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for at least 2 weeks following the final dose.
Males
Based on its mechanism of action, advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for 3.5 months following the final dose.
Infertility
Males
Based on animal data, Halaven may result in damage to male reproductive tissues leading to impaired fertility of unknown duration [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
8.4 Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness of Halaven in pediatric patients below the age of 18 years have not been established.
8.5 Geriatric Use
Study 1 did not include sufficient numbers of subjects with metastatic breast cancer aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Of the 827 subjects who received the recommended dose and schedule of Halaven in clinical studies with advanced breast cancer, 15% (121/827) were 65 and older, and 2% (17/827) patients were 75 and older. No overall differences in safety were observed between these subjects and younger subjects.
Clinical studies of Halaven did not include a sufficient number of subjects in Study 2 aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.
8.6 Hepatic Impairment
Administration of Halaven at a dose of 1.1 mg/m2 to patients with mild hepatic impairment and 0.7 mg/m2 to patients with moderate hepatic impairment resulted in similar exposure to eribulin as a dose of 1.4 mg/m2 to patients with normal hepatic function. Therefore, a lower starting dose of 1.1 mg/m2 is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A) and of 0.7 mg/m2 is recommended for patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B). Halaven was not studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
8.7 Renal Impairment
For patients with moderate or severe renal impairment (CLcr 15-49 mL/min), reduce the starting dose to 1.1 mg/m2 [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
OVERDOSAGE
Overdosage of Halaven has been reported at approximately 4 times the recommended dose, which resulted in Grade 3 neutropenia lasting seven days and a Grade 3 hypersensitivity reaction lasting one day.
There is no known antidote for Halaven overdose.
DESCRIPTION
Halaven contains eribulin mesylate, a microtubule dynamics inhibitor. Eribulin mesylate is a synthetic analogue of halichondrin B, a product isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai. The chemical name for eribulin mesylate is 11,15:18,21:24,28-Triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo[3,2-i]furo[2',3':5,6]pyrano[4,3-b][1,4]dioxacyclopentacosin-5(4H)-one, 2-[(2S)-3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl]hexacosahydro-3-methoxy-26-methyl-20,27-bis(methylene)-, (2R,3R,3aS,7R,8aS,9S,10aR,11S,12R,13aR,13bS,15S,18S,21S,24S,26R,28R,29aS)-, methanesulfonate (salt). It has a molecular weight of 826.0 (729.9 for free base). The empirical formula is C40H59NO11•CH4O3S. Eribulin mesylate has the following structural formula:
Halaven is a clear, colorless, sterile solution for intravenous administration. Each vial contains 1 mg of eribulin mesylate as a 0.5 mg/mL solution in ethanol: water (5:95).
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1 Mechanism of Action
Eribulin inhibits the growth phase of microtubules without affecting the shortening phase and sequesters tubulin into nonproductive aggregates. Eribulin exerts its effects via a tubulin-based antimitotic mechanism leading to G2/M cell-cycle block, disruption of mitotic spindles, and, ultimately, apoptotic cell death after prolonged mitotic blockage.
In addition, eribulin treatment of human breast cancer cells caused changes in morphology and gene expression as well as decreased migration and invasiveness in vitro. In mouse xenograft models of human breast cancer, eribulin treatment was associated with increased vascular perfusion and permeability in the tumor cores, resulting in reduced tumor hypoxia, and changes in the expression of genes in tumor specimens associated with a change in phenotype.
12.2 Pharmacodynamics
Cardiac Electrophysiology
The effect of Halaven on the QTc interval was assessed in an open-label, uncontrolled, multicenter, single-arm dedicated QT trial. A total of 26 patients with solid tumors received 1.4 mg/m2 of Halaven on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. A delayed QTc prolongation was observed on Day 8, with no prolongation observed on Day 1. The maximum mean QTcF change from baseline (95% upper confidence interval) was 11.4 (19.5) ms.
12.3 Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics (PK) of eribulin is linear with a mean elimination half-life of approximately 40 hours, a mean volume of distribution of 43 L/m2 to 114 L/m2 and mean clearance of 1.16 L/hr/m2 to 2.42 L/hr/m2 over the dose range of 0.25 mg/m2 to 4.0 mg/m2. The human plasma protein binding of eribulin at concentrations of 100 ng/mL to 1,000 ng/mL ranges from 49% to 65%. Eribulin exposure after multiple dosing is comparable to that following a single dose. No accumulation of eribulin is observed with weekly administration.
Elimination
Metabolism
Unchanged eribulin was the major circulating species in plasma following administration of 14C-eribulin to patients. Metabolite concentrations represented <0.6% of parent compound, confirming that there are no major human metabolites of eribulin. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) negligibly metabolizes eribulin in vitro.
Excretion
Eribulin is eliminated primarily in feces unchanged. After administration of 14C-eribulin to patients, approximately 82% of the dose was eliminated in feces and 9% in urine. Unchanged eribulin accounted for approximately 88% and 91% of total eribulin in feces and urine, respectively.
Specific Populations
Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity: Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis with data collected from 340 patients, sex, race, and age do not have a clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of eribulin.
Hepatic Impairment
In a study evaluating the effect of hepatic impairment on the PK of eribulin, eribulin exposures increased by 1.8-fold in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A; n=7) and by 2.5-fold in patients with moderate (Child-Pugh B; n=5) hepatic impairment as compared to patients with normal hepatic function (n=6). Administration of Halaven at a dose of 1.1 mg/m2 to patients with mild hepatic impairment and 0.7 mg/m2 to patients with moderate hepatic impairment resulted in similar exposure to eribulin at a dose of 1.4 mg/m2 to patients with normal hepatic function [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
Renal Impairment
In a study evaluating the effect of renal impairment on the PK of eribulin, patients with moderate (CLcr 30-49 mL/min; n=7) and severe renal impairment (CLcr 15-29 mL/min; n=6) had 1.5-fold higher eribulin dose-normalized exposures compared to that in patients with normal renal function (CLcr ≥ 80 mL/min; n=6). There were no clinically meaningful changes in patients with mild renal impairment (CLcr 50-79 mL/min; n=27) [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.7)].
Drug Interaction Studies
Effect of Strong Inhibitors or Inducers of CYP3A4 on Eribulin: The effect of a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and a P-gp inhibitor, ketoconazole, on the PK of eribulin was studied in a crossover trial of 12 patients with advanced solid tumors. No clinically relevant PK interaction was observed when Halaven was administered with or without ketoconazole (the geometric mean ratio of the AUC: 0.97; 90% CI: 0.83, 1.12).
The effect of a CYP3A4 inducer, rifampin, on the PK of eribulin was studied in a crossover trial of 14 patients with advanced solid tumors. No clinically relevant PK interaction was observed when Halaven was administered with or without rifampin (the geometric mean ratio of the AUC: 1.10; 90 CI%: 0.91, 1.34).
Effect of Eribulin on CYP Substrates: Eribulin shows no induction potential for CYP1A, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A in primary human hepatocytes. Eribulin inhibits CYP3A4 activity in human liver microsomes, but it is unlikely that eribulin will substantially increase the plasma levels of CYP3A4 substrates. No significant inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, or CYP2E1 was detected with eribulin concentrations up to 5 μM in pooled human liver microsomes. In vitro drug interaction studies indicate that eribulin does not inhibit drugs that are substrates of these enzymes and it is unlikely that eribulin will affect plasma levels of drugs that are substrates of CYP enzymes.
Effect of Transporters on Eribulin: In vitro data suggest that eribulin at clinically relevant concentrations is a substrate of P-gp, but is not a substrate of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance proteins (MRP2, MRP4), bile salt extrusion pump (BSEP), organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP1B1, OATP1B3), organic anion transporters (OAT1, OAT3), organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2), or multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1).
Effect of Eribulin on Transporters: In vitro data suggest that eribulin at clinically relevant concentrations may inhibit P-gp, but does not inhibit BCRP, OATP1B1, OCT1, OAT1, OAT3, or MATE1.
NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with eribulin mesylate. Eribulin mesylate was not mutagenic in in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assays (Ames test). Eribulin mesylate was positive in mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assays, and was clastogenic in an in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.
Fertility studies have not been conducted with eribulin mesylate in humans or animals; however, nonclinical findings in repeat-dose dog and rat toxicology studies suggest that male fertility may be compromised by treatment with eribulin mesylate. Rats exhibited testicular toxicity (hypocellularity of seminiferous epithelium with hypospermia/aspermia) following dosing with eribulin mesylate at or above 0.43 times the recommended human dose (based on body surface area) given once weekly for 3 weeks, or at or above 0.21 times the recommended human dose (based on body surface area) given once weekly for 3 out of 5 weeks, repeated for 6 cycles. Testicular toxicity was also observed in dogs given 0.64 times the recommended human dose (based on body surface area) weekly for 3 out of 5 weeks, repeated for 6 cycles.
CLINICAL STUDIES
14.1 Metastatic Breast Cancer
Study 1 was an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial of 762 patients with metastatic breast cancer who received at least two chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of metastatic disease and experienced disease progression within 6 months of their last chemotherapeutic regimen. Patients were required to receive prior anthracycline- and taxane- based chemotherapy for adjuvant or metastatic disease. Patients were randomized (2:1) to receive Halaven (n=508) or a single agent therapy selected prior to randomization (control arm, n=254). Randomization was stratified by geographic region, HER2/neu status, and prior capecitabine exposure. Halaven was administered at a dose of 1.4 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Halaven-treated patients received a median of 5 cycles (range: 1 to 23 cycles) of therapy. Control arm therapy consisted of 97% chemotherapy (26% vinorelbine, 18% gemcitabine, 18% capecitabine, 16% taxane, 9% anthracycline, 10% other chemotherapy), and 3% hormonal therapy. The main efficacy outcome was overall survival.
Patient demographic and baseline characteristics were comparable between the treatment arms. The median age was 55 (range: 27 to 85 years) and 92% were White. Sixty-four percent of patients were enrolled in North America/Western Europe/Australia, 25% in Eastern Europe/Russia, and 11% in Latin America/South Africa. Ninety-one percent of patients had a baseline ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. Tumor prognostic characteristics, including estrogen receptor status (positive: 67%, negative: 28%), progesterone receptor status (positive: 49%, negative: 39%), HER2/neu receptor status (positive: 16%, negative: 74%), triple negative status (ER-, PR-, HER2/neu-: 19%), presence of visceral disease (82%, including 60% liver and 38% lung) and bone disease (61%), and number of sites of metastases (greater than two: 50%), were also similar in the Halaven and control arms. Patients received a median of four prior chemotherapy regimens in both arms.
In Study 1, a statistically significant improvement in overall survival was observed in patients randomized to the Halaven arm compared to the control arm (see Table 5). An updated, unplanned survival analysis, conducted when 77% of events had been observed (see Figure 1), was consistent with the primary analysis. In patients randomized to Halaven, the objective response rate by the RECIST criteria was 11% (95% CI: 8.6%, 14.3%) and the median response duration was 4.2 months (95% CI: 3.8, 5.0 months).
Table 5: Comparison of Overall Survival in Halaven and Control Arm - Study 1 |
||
Overall Survival |
Halaven |
Control Arm |
Primary survival analysis |
||
Number of deaths |
274 |
148 |
Median, months (95% CI) |
13.1 (11.8, 14.3) |
10.6 (9.3, 12.5) |
Hazard Ratio (95% CI)a |
0.81 (0.66, 0.99) |
|
P valueb |
0.041 |
|
Updated survival analysis |
||
Number of deaths |
386 |
203 |
Median, months (95% CI) |
13.2 (12.1, 14.4) |
10.6 (9.2, 12.0) |
CI = confidence interval |
Figure 1: Updated Overall Survival Analysis for Study 1
14.2 Liposarcoma
The efficacy and safety of Halaven were evaluated in Study 2, an open-label, randomized (1:1), multicenter, active-controlled trial. Eligible patients were required to have unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma, at least two prior systemic chemotherapies (one of which must have included an anthracycline), and disease progression within 6 months of the most recent chemotherapy regimen. Patients were randomized to Halaven 1.4 mg/m2 administered intravenously on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle or to dacarbazine at a dose of 850 mg/m2, 1000 mg/m2, or 1200 mg/m2 administered intravenously every 21 days (dacarbazine dose was selected by the investigator prior to randomization). Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Randomization was stratified by histology (liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma), number of prior therapies (2 vs. > 2), and geographic region (U.S. and Canada vs. Western Europe, Australia, and Israel vs. Eastern Europe, Latin America, and Asia). The major efficacy outcome measure was overall survival (OS). Additional efficacy outcome measures were progression-free survival (PFS) and confirmed objective response rate (ORR) as assessed by the investigator according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1). Patients in the dacarbazine arm were not offered Halaven at the time of disease progression.
A total of 446 patients were randomized, 225 to the Halaven arm and 221 to the dacarbazine arm. The median age was 56 years (range: 24 to 83); 33% were male; 73% were White; 44% had ECOG performance status (PS) 0 and 53% had ECOG PS 1; 68% had leiomyosarcoma and 32% had liposarcoma; 39% were enrolled in U.S. and Canada (Region 1) and 46% were enrolled in Western Europe, Australia, and Israel (Region 2); and 47% received more than two prior systemic chemotherapies. The most common (>40%) prior systemic chemotherapies were doxorubicin (90%), ifosfamide (62%), gemcitabine (59%), trabectedin (50%), and docetaxel (48%).
Of the 143 patients with liposarcoma, the median age was 55 years (range: 32 to 83); 62% were male, 72% were White; 41% had ECOG PS of 0 and 53% had ECOG PS of 1; 35% were enrolled in Region 1 and 51% were enrolled in Region 2; and 44% received more than two prior systemic chemotherapies. The distribution of subtypes of liposarcoma, based on local histologic assessment, were 45% dedifferentiated, 37% myxoid/round cell, and 18% pleomorphic.
Study 2 demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS in patients randomized to Halaven compared with dacarbazine (see Table 6). There was no significant difference in progression-free survival in the overall population. Treatment effects of Halaven were limited to patients with liposarcoma based on pre-planned, exploratory subgroup analyses of OS and PFS (see Tables 6 and 7 and Figure 2). There was no evidence of efficacy of Halaven in patients with advanced or metastatic leiomyosarcoma in Study 2 (see Table 7).
Table 6: Efficacy Results for the Liposarcoma Stratum and All Patients* in Study 2a |
||||
Liposarcoma |
All Patients* |
|||
Halaven |
Dacarbazine |
Halaven |
Dacarbazine |
|
Overall survival |
||||
Deaths, n (%) |
52 (73) |
63 (88) |
173 (77) |
179 (81) |
Median, months |
15.6 |
8.4 |
13.5 |
11.3 |
Hazard ratio (HR) |
0.51 |
0.75 |
||
Stratified log-rank p value |
N/A† |
0.011 |
||
Progression-free survival |
||||
Events, n (%) |
57 (80) |
59 (82) |
194 (86) |
185 (84) |
Disease progression |
53 |
52 |
180 |
170 |
Death |
4 |
7 |
14 |
15 |
Median, months |
2.9 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
HR |
0.52 |
0.86 |
||
Objective response rate |
||||
Objective response rate (%) |
1.4 |
0 |
4.0 |
5.0 |
a Efficacy data from one study site enrolling six patients were excluded.
*All patients = liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma.
† N/A = not applicable
Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Overall Survival in the Liposarcoma Stratum in Study 2
Table 7: Efficacy Results for the Leiomyosarcoma Stratum in Study 2a |
||
Leiomyosarcoma |
||
Halaven |
Dacarbazine |
|
Overall survival |
||
Deaths, n (%) |
121 (79) |
116 (78) |
Median, months |
12.8 |
12.3 |
HR (95% CI) |
0.90 (0.69, 1.18) |
|
Progression-free survival |
||
Events, n (%) |
137 (89) |
126 (85) |
Disease progression |
127 |
118 |
Death |
10 |
8 |
Median, months |
2.2 |
2.6 |
HR (95% CI) |
1.05 (0.81, 1.35) |
|
Objective response rate (%) |
5.2 |
7.4 |
a Efficacy data from one study site enrolling six patients were excluded.
HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING
NDC 62856-389-01
Injection: 1 mg/2 mL, in a single-use vial. One vial per carton.
Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° – 30° C (59° - 86° F). Do not freeze. Store the vials in their original cartons.
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).
Neutropenia
Advise patients to contact their health care provider for a fever of 100.5°F or greater or other signs or symptoms of infection such as chills, cough, or burning or pain on urination [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Peripheral Neuropathy
Advise patients to inform their healthcare providers of new or worsening numbness, tingling and pain in their extremities [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
· Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
· Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for at least 2 weeks after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)].
· Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Halaven and for 3.5 months following the final dose [seeUse in Specific Populations (8.3)].
Lactation
Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Halaven and for 2 weeks after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
Distributed by:
Eisai Inc.
Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
© 2016 Eisai Inc.
PATIENT INFORMATION |
What is the most important information I should know about Halaven?
· Low white blood cell count (neutropenia). This can lead to serious infections that could lead to death. Your healthcare provider will check your blood cell counts before you receive each dose of Halaven and during treatment. Call your healthcare provider right away if you develop any of these symptoms of infection: · Numbness, tingling, or pain in your hands or feet (peripheral neuropathy). Peripheral neuropathy is common with Halaven and sometimes can be severe. Tell your healthcare provider if you have new or worsening symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. · Your healthcare provider may delay, decrease your dose, or stop treatment with Halaven if you have side effects. See “What are possible side effects of Halaven?” for more information about side effects. |
What is Halaven?
· Breast cancer
· Liposarcoma It is not known if Halaven is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age. |
Before you receive Halaven, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: · have liver or kidney problems · have heart problems, including a problem called congenital long QT syndrome · have low potassium or low magnesium in your blood
· are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Halaven can harm your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant or think you are pregnant during treatment with Halaven. · are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Halaven passes into your breast milk. Do not breastfeed during treatment with Halaven and for 2 weeks after the final dose of Halaven. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. |
How will I receive Halaven? · Halaven is given by intravenous (IV) injection in your vein. · Halaven is given in “cycles” of treatment, with each cycle lasting 21 days. · Halaven is usually given on day 1 and day 8 of a treatment cycle. |
What are the possible side effects of Halaven? · See “What is the most important information I should know about Halaven?” · Halaven can cause changes in your heartbeat (called QT prolongation). This can cause irregular heartbeats. Your healthcare provider may do heart monitoring (electrocardiogram or ECG) or blood tests during your treatment with Halaven to check for heart problems.
The most common side effects of Halaven in people with breast cancer include: · low white blood cell count (neutropenia) · low red blood cell count (anemia) · weakness or tiredness · hair loss (alopecia) · nausea · constipation
The most common side effects of Halaven in people with liposarcoma include: · tiredness · nausea · hair loss (alopecia) · constipation · stomach pain · fever Your healthcare provider will do blood tests before and during treatment while you are taking Halaven. The most common changes to blood tests in people with liposarcoma include: |
· low white blood cell count (neutropenia) · decreased blood levels of potassium or calcium
Tell your healthcare provider about any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. |
General information about Halaven |
What are the ingredients in Halaven? |
This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Revised: 01/2016
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
NDC 62856-389-01
Halaven™
(eribulin mesylate) Injection
1 mg/2 mL
(0.5 mg/mL)
For Intravenous Use
Halaven eribulin mesylate injection |
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Labeler - Eisai Inc. (831600833) |
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Revised: 12/2017
Eisai Inc.