通用中文 | 阿贝西利片 | 通用外文 | Abemaciclib |
品牌中文 | 唯择 | 品牌外文 | YULAREB |
其他名称 | Verzenio玻玛西林片 | ||
公司 | 礼来(Lilly) | 产地 | 波多黎各(美)(Porto Rico) |
含量 | 150mg | 包装 | 42片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 口服 | 储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 激酶抑制剂;与氟维司群[fulvestrant]联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗有疾病进展妇女的治疗。单药治疗为有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗后有进展。 |
通用中文 | 阿贝西利片 |
通用外文 | Abemaciclib |
品牌中文 | 唯择 |
品牌外文 | YULAREB |
其他名称 | Verzenio玻玛西林片 |
公司 | 礼来(Lilly) |
产地 | 波多黎各(美)(Porto Rico) |
含量 | 150mg |
包装 | 42片/盒 |
剂型给药 | 口服 |
储存 | 室温 |
适用范围 | 激酶抑制剂;与氟维司群[fulvestrant]联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗有疾病进展妇女的治疗。单药治疗为有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗后有进展。 |
Verzenio(abemaciclibb)使用说明书2107年第一版
批准日期:2017年9月28日;公司:Eli Lilly公司
处方资料重点
这些重点不包括安全和有效使用VERZENIO需所有资料。请参阅VERZENIO完整处方资料。
VERZENIO™(abemaciclib)片,为口服使用
美国初次批准:2017
适应证和用途
VERZENIO™是一种激酶抑制剂适用:
●与氟维司群[fulvestrant]联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗有疾病进展妇女的治疗。(1)
● 作为单药治疗为有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗后有疾病进展和在转移情况前化疗成年患者的治疗。(1)
剂量和给药方法
VERZENIO片与无或有食物口服服用.(2.1)
● 与氟维司群联用推荐的开始剂量:150 mg每天2次。(2.1)
●作为单药治疗推荐的开始剂量:200 mg每天2次。(2.1)
● 可能需要根据个体安全性和耐受性给药中断和/或剂量减低。(2.2)
剂型和规格
片:50 mg,100 mg,150 mg,和200 mg。(3)
禁忌证
无。(4)
警告和注意事项
● 腹泻:在松软便的第一个征象指导患者开始抗腹泻治疗,增加口服液体,和通知他们的卫生保健提供者。(5.1)
● 中性细胞减少:VERZENIO治疗的开始前,对头2个月每2周,对下一个2个月每月,和当临床上有适应证时监视完全血细胞计数。(2.2,5.2)
●肝毒性:曽观察到血清转氨酶水平增加。进行肝功能测试(LFTs)用VERZENIO开始治疗前. 监视LFTs 对头两个月每两州,对下两个月每月,和对临床有适应证时.(2.2,5.3)
●静脉血栓栓塞:监视患者对血栓形成的体征和症状和肺栓塞和药物治疗当医疗上适当时。(5.4)
胚胎-胎儿毒性:可能致胎儿危害。忠告患者对胎儿潜在风险和使用有效避孕。(5.5,8.1,8.3)
不良反应
最常见不良反应(发生率 ≥20%)为腹泻,中性细胞减少,恶心,腹痛,感染,疲乏,贫血,中性细胞减少,食欲减低,呕吐,头痛,和血小板减少。(6)
报告怀疑不良反应,联系Eli Lilly和公司电话1-800-LillyRx(1-800-545-5979)或FDA电话1-800-FDA-1088或www.fda.gov/medwatch.
药物相互作用
●CYP3A抑制剂:避免同时使用酮康唑[ketoconazole]。减低VERZENIO给药与其他强CYP3A抑制剂的同时使用。(2.2,7.1)
●CYP3A诱导剂:避免强CYP3A诱导剂的同时使用。(7.1)
在特殊人群中使用
哺乳:建议不要哺乳喂养。(8.2)
完整处方资料
1. 适应证和用途
VERZENIO™(abemaciclib)是适用:
● 与氟维司群联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性妇女,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性内分泌治疗后晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展的治疗。
● 当单药治疗为成年患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展内分泌治疗后和在转移情况中化疗前的治疗。
2 剂量和给药方法
2.1 推荐剂量和给药时间表
当与氟维司群联用时,VERZENIO的推荐剂量是150 mg口服每天2次。当与VERZENIO给予时,氟维司群的推荐剂量为500 mg给予在天1,15,和29;和其后每月1次。参考对氟维司群完整处方资料。停经前/期间妇女用VERZENIO加氟维司群联合治疗应与一种促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗按照当前临床实践标准。
当用作单药治疗时,VERZENIO的推荐剂量为200 mg口服每天2次。
继续治疗直至疾病进展或不能接受毒性。VERZENIO可能与食物或无食物服用[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
指导患者每天服用他们的VERZENIO约在相同时间。
如患者呕吐或缺失一剂VERZENIO,指导患者服用下一次剂量在他的给药时间表。指导患者吞整片VERZENIO片和吞咽前不要咀嚼,粉碎或分裂片。指导患者不要摄入VERZENIO片如咀嚼,粉碎或分裂片,或不完整。.
2.2 剂量修饰
对不良反应剂量修饰
表1-5提供推荐的对不良反应VERZENIO剂量修饰。对不能耐受50 mg每天2次患者终止VERZENIO。
对氟维司群共同给药岁剂量修饰和其他相关安全性信息参考完整处方资料。
对与强CYP3A抑制剂使用剂量修饰
免强CYP3A抑制剂酮康唑的同时使用
与其他强CYP3A抑制剂的同时使用,在用推荐的开始剂量200 mg每天2次或150 mg每天2次患者,减低VRZENIO剂量至100 mg每天2次。在由于不良反应患者不得不剂量减低至100 mg每天2次,进一步减低VERZENIO剂量至50 mg每天2次。如一位患者用VERZENIO终止一种强CYP3A抑制剂,增加VERZENIO剂量(抑制剂的3-5半衰期后)至剂量开始强抑制剂使用前[见药物相互作用(7.1)和临床药理学(12.3)].
对有严重肝受损患者剂量修饰
对有严重肝受损患者(Child Pugh-C),减低VERZENIO给药频数至每天1次[见在特殊人群中使用(8.7)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
3 剂型和规格
50 mg片:椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“50”在其他侧。100 mg片:椭圆形白色至实际白色片剂有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“100”在其他侧。150 mg片:椭圆形黄色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“150”在其他侧。200 mg片:椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“200”在其他侧。
4 禁忌证
无。.
5 警告和注意事项
5.1 腹泻
在MONARCH 2试验中腹泻发生在86%患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群和90%患者接受VERZENIO单独在MONARCH 1试验。级别3腹泻发生在13%的患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群在MONARCH 2试验和在20%的患者接受VERZENIO单独在MONARCH 1试验。腹泻的发作曽被伴随脱水和感染。
在MONARCH 2试验,VERZENIO给药的第一个月时腹泻发生率是最大。首次腹泻事件的发作的中位时间为6天,和对级别2和3腹泻的中位时间分别为9 天和6 天[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和患者咨询信息(17)]。有腹泻22%的患者需要省略一剂和22%需要剂量减低。在MONARCH 1研究,对腹泻至发作和解决时间与在MONARCH 2研究中相似。
指导患者在松软便的第一个征象,他们应开始抗腹泻治疗例如洛哌丁胺[loperamide],增加口服液体,和告知他们的卫生保健提供者为进一步指导和适当随访。对级别3或4腹泻,或腹泻 需要住院,终止VERZENIO直至毒性解决至≤级别1,和恢复VERZENIO在下一个较低剂量[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
5.2 中性细胞减少
在MONARCH 2接受VERZENIO加氟维司群中46%的患者发生中性细胞减少和在MONARCH 1中单独接受VERZENIO发生37%患者。在MONARCH 2中在接受VERZENIO加氟维司群32%的患者发生在嗜中性计数(根据实验室发现)一个级别≥3 减低和接受VERZENIO在MONARCH 1有27%的患者。在MONARCH 2和MONARCH 1,至级别>3 中性细胞减少首次发作中位时间为29天,和级别≥3中性细胞减少中位时间为15天[见不良反应(6.1)]。
监视完全血细胞计数VERZENIO治疗的开始前,对头2个月每2周,对下两个月,和对临床有适应证时每月。剂量中断,剂量减低,或对发生级别3或4中性细胞减少患者建议延迟治疗疗程开始[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
在MONARCH 2和MONARCH 1在暴露至VERZENIO的1%患者中曽报道发热性中性细胞减少。在MONARCH 2中观察到两例由于嗜中性减低败血症死亡。告知患者及时报告发热的任何发作至他们的卫生保健提供者[见患者咨询信息(17)]。
5.3 肝毒性
在MONARCH 2中,在VERZENIO和安慰剂臂,分别报道ALT级别≥3增加(4%相比较2%)和AST(2%相比较3%)。
在MONARCH 2中,对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者有级别≥3 ALT增加,至发作中位时间为57天,和至解决至级别<3中位时间为14天。对有级别≥3 AST增加患者,至发作中位时间为185天,和至解决中位时间为13天。.
VERZENIO治疗的开始前监视肝功能测试(LFTs),对头2个月每2周,对下两个月,和对临床有适应证时每月。建议对发生持续或复发级别2,或级别3或4,或复发肝转氨酶升高患者,建议剂量中断,剂量减低,给药终止,或治疗疗程开始后延[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
5.4 静脉血栓栓塞
在MONARCH 2中,在5%用VERZENIO加氟维司群治疗患者报道静脉血栓症[venous thromboembolic events],与之比较用氟维司群加安慰剂治疗患者被报道为0.9%。静脉血栓栓塞事件包括深静脉血栓形成,肺栓塞,脑静脉窦血栓形成,锁骨下和腋静脉血栓形成,和下腔静脉血栓形成。跨域临床开发计划,曽被报道由于静脉血栓栓塞死亡。监视患者对静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞的体征和症状和当医学上适当时治疗。
5.5 胚胎-胎儿毒性
根据来自动物研究发现和作用机制,当给予一位妊娠妇女时VERZENIO可能致胎儿危害。在动物生殖研究中,在器官形成阶段abemaciclib的给予至妊娠大鼠致畸形和减低胎儿重量在母体暴露相似于人临床暴露。根据在曲线下面积(AUC)在最大推荐人剂量。忠告妊娠妇女对胎儿潜在风险。忠告生殖潜能女性用VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1,8.3)和临床药理学(12.1)]。
6 不良反应
说明书其他节更详细讨论以下不良反应:
● 腹泻[见警告和注意事项(5.1)].
● 中性细胞减少[见警告和注意事项(5.2)].
● 肝毒性[见警告和注意事项(5.3)].
● 静脉血栓栓塞[见警告和注意事项(5.4)].
6.1 临床试验经验
因为临床试验是在广泛不同情况下进行的,临床试验观察到不良反应率不能与另一种药临床试验发生率直接比较而且可能不反映实践中观察到的发生率。
MONARCH 2:VERZENIO与氟维司群联用
有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展用或以前辅助或转移内分泌治疗后妇女
在MONARCH 2中VERZENIO(150 mg 每天2次)加氟维司群(500 mg)相比较安慰剂加氟维司群的安全性被评价。下面描述数据反映在MONARCH 2中在441例患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期乳癌接受至少一剂VERZENIO加氟维司群对VERZENIO暴露。
对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群治疗患者的中位时间为12个月和对接受安慰剂加氟维司群患者8个月。
接受VERZENIO加氟维司群43%的患者由于发生一个不良反应剂量减低。在≥5%的患者不良反应导致剂量减低为腹泻和中性细胞减少。在19%的患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群由于任何级别腹泻发生VERZENIO剂量减低,与之比较,接受安慰剂和氟维司群0.4%的患者。在接受VERZENIO加氟维司群10%的患者由于发生任何级别中性细胞减少发生VERZENIO剂量减低相比较接受安慰剂加氟维司群没有患者中性细胞减少。
接受VERZENIO加氟维司群中9%的患者由于一个不良事件永久终止研究治疗和接受安慰剂加氟维司群中为3%患者。对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者导致永久终止的不良反应为感染(2%),腹泻(1%),肝毒性(1%),疲乏(0.7%),恶心(0.2%),腹痛(0.2%),急性肾受损(0.2%),和脑梗塞(0.2%)。
治疗期间或30-day随访期间死亡,不管原因被报道在18病例(4%)的VERZENIO加氟维司群 治疗患者相比10病例5%)的安慰剂加氟维司群治疗患者,对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者死亡原因包括:7(2%)患者由于潜在疾病死亡,4(0.9%)由于败血症,2(0.5%)由于肺炎,2(0.5%)由于肝毒性,和一例(0.2%)由于脑梗塞
在VERZENIO臂报道的最常见不良反应(≥20%)为腹泻,疲乏,中性细胞减少,恶心,感染,腹痛,贫血,中性细胞减少,食欲减低,呕吐,和头痛(表6)。最频繁报道的(≥5%)级别3或4 不良反应为中性细胞减少,腹泻,中性细胞减少,贫血,和感染。
肌酐增加
Abemaciclib曽被显示增加血清肌酐由于肾小管分泌转运蛋白的抑制作用,肾小管功能无影响[见临床药理学(12.3)]。在临床研究中,血清肌酐中增加(均数增加,0.2 mg/dL)发生在VERZENIO给药的头28-天疗程内,维持升高但稳定通过治疗阶段。和在是可逆治疗终止。另外标志物例如BUN,胱抑素[cystatin]C,或计算的肾小球过滤率(GFR),它们不是基于肌酐,可被考虑测定是否肾功能被损。
在转移乳癌中VERZENIO作为一个单药治疗给予(MONARCH 1)
患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性乳癌接受以前内分泌治疗和1-2个化疗方案在转移情况
下面安全性数据是根据MONARCH 1,一项单臂,开放,多中心研究在132例妇女有可测量的HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌。患者接受200 mg VERZENIO口服每天2次直至疾病进展的发展或无法控制的[unmanageable]毒性。治疗的中位时间为4.5个月。
10例患者(8%)终止研究治疗来源于不良反应由于(各1例患者)腹痛,动脉血栓形成,天冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)增加,血肌酐增加,慢性肾病,腹泻,ECG QT延长,疲乏,髋骨骨折,和淋巴细胞减少。49%患者曽剂量减低由于一个不良反应。最频繁不良反应导致剂量减低为腹泻(20%),中性细胞减少(11%),和疲乏(9%)。
在2%的患者报告治疗期间或30天随访期间死亡。这些患者中死亡的原因为由于感染。
最常见被报告的不良反应(≥20%)为腹泻,疲乏,恶心,食欲减低,腹痛,中性细胞减少,呕吐,感染,贫血,头痛,和血小板减少(表8)。接受abemaciclib患者中观察到严重(级别3和4)中性细胞减少[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
肌酐增加
Abemaciclib曽被显示增加血清肌酐由于肾小管分泌转运蛋白的抑制作用,肾小球功能无影响[见临床药理学(12.3)]。在临床研究中,血清肌酐中增加(均数增加,0.3 mg/dL)发生VERZENIO给药的头28-天疗程内,维持升高但稳定通过治疗阶段,和治疗终止时是可逆。另外标志物例如BUN,胱抑素C。或计算的GFR,它们不是基于肌酐,可能被考虑测定肾功能是否受损。
7 药物相互作用
7.1 其他药物对VERZENIO的影响
强CYP3A抑制剂
强CYP3A4抑制剂增加abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的暴露至一个临床意义程度和可能导致增加毒性。
酮康唑
避免同时使用酮康唑. 酮康唑被预计增加abemaciclib的AUC至16-倍[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
其他强CYP3A抑制剂
在患者用推荐的开始剂量200 mg每天2次或150 mg每天2次,减低VERZENIO剂量至100 mg 每天2次与同时使用其他强CYP3A抑制剂。在患者由于不良反应他曽有一个剂量减低至100 mg每天2次,进一步减低VERZENIO剂量至50 mg每天2次与同时使用其他强CYP3A抑制剂。如果一例患者用VERZENIO终止一个强CYP3A抑制剂,增加VERZENIO剂量(抑制剂的3-5 半衰期)至剂量开始强抑制剂前使用。患者应避免柚子汁产品[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
强CYP3A诱导剂
VERZENIO与利福平[rifampin],一种强CYP3A诱导剂的共同给药,减低abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的血浆浓度和可能导致减低活性。避免同时使用强CYP3A诱导剂和考虑另外药物[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
8 在特殊人群中使用
8.1 妊娠
风险总结
根据动物中发现和它的作用机制,VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见临床药理学(12.1)]。对药物关联风险没有可得到的人数据。忠告妊娠妇女对一个胎儿潜在风险。在动物生殖研究中,器官形成期间给予abemaciclib是致畸胎性和致减低胎儿体重在母体暴露相似于人临床暴露根据AUC在最大推荐人剂量(见数据)。忠告妊娠妇女对胎儿潜在风险。
不知道对适应证人群重大出生缺陷和流产的背景风险。但是,在美国一般人群中重大出生缺陷背景风险是2至4%和临床上认可流产是15至20%。
数据
动物数据
在一项胚胎-胎儿发育研究中,妊娠大鼠接受口服剂量的abemaciclib直至15 mg/kg/day在器官形成阶段期间。剂量≥4 mg/kg/day至减低的胎儿体重和心血管和骨骼畸形和变异的增加发生率。这些发现包括缺乏无名动脉和主动脉弓,位置不正确的锁骨下动脉,未骨化的胸骨,胸椎两侧骨化,和未充分发展的或结核肋骨[nodulated ribs]。在大鼠4 mg/kg/day时,母体全身暴露为接近等于推荐剂量时人暴露。
8.2 哺乳
风险总结
对abemaciclib 在人乳汁中的存在,或它的效应对哺乳喂养婴儿或对乳汁生产没有数据。 因为对在哺乳喂养婴儿来自VERZENIO严重的不良反应潜能,忠告哺乳妇女在VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周不要哺乳喂养。
8.3 生殖潜能的女性和男性
妊娠测试
根据动物研究,VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1)]。 建议对生殖潜能女性用VERZENIO开始治疗前妊娠测试。
避孕
女性
VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1)]。建议生殖潜能女性VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕。
不孕不育
男性
根据动物中发现,VERZENIO在生殖潜能男性可能损伤生育力[见非临床毒理学(13.1)]。
8.4 儿童使用
未曽在儿童患者中确定VERZENIO的安全性和有效性。
8.5 老年人使用
在MONARCH 2中接受VERZENIO的441例患者中,35%为65岁或以上和9%为75岁或以上。 在MONARCH 1中接受VERZENIO的132例患者中,32%为65岁或以上和8%为75岁或以上。这些患者和较年轻患者间未观察到VERZENIO的安全性或有效性总体差别。
8.6 肾受损
对有轻度或中度肾受损患者(CLcr ≥30-89 mL/min,用Cockcroft-Gault[C-G]估算)无需剂量调整。不知道在有严重肾受损患者(CLcr <30 mL/min,C-G),肾病终末期,或在用透析患者中abemaciclib的药代动力学[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
8.7 肝受损
在有轻度或中度肝受损(Child-Pugh A或B) 患者中无需剂量调整。对有严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C)患者当给予VERZENIO时减低给药频数[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
10 药物过量
对VERZENIO无已知的解毒药[antidote]。对VERZENIO药物过量的治疗应用一般支持措施组成。
11 一般描述
Abemaciclib是一种为口服给药激酶抑制剂。它是一种白色至黄色粉有经验式C27H32F2N8和一个分子量506.59。
对abemaciclib化学名是2-Pyrimidinamine,N-[5-[(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-2-pyridinyl]-5-fluoro-4-[4fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl]-。Abemaciclib有以下结构:
VERZENIO(abemaciclib)片是作为释制剂[immediate-release]提供椭圆形白色,米色,或黄色片。无活性成分如下:赋形剂—微晶纤维素102,微晶纤维素101,一水乳糖,交联羧甲基纤维素钠,硬脂酰富马酸钠,二氧化硅。颜色混合物成分—聚乙烯醇,二氧化钛,聚乙二醇,滑石,氧化铁黄,和氧化铁红。
12 临床药理学
12.1 作用机制
Abemaciclib是一个细胞周期蛋白[cyclin]-依赖激酶4和6(CDK4和CDK6)的抑制剂。结合至D-细胞周期蛋白上这些激酶被激活。在雌激素受体-阳性(ER+)乳癌细胞系,细胞周期蛋白D1和CDK4/6促进视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白质[retinoblastoma protein(Rb)]的磷酸化,细胞周期进展,和细胞增殖。在体外,连续暴露至abemaciclib抑制Rb磷酸化和阻断细胞周期的从G1至S期进程,导致细胞老化[senescence]和凋亡。在乳腺癌异种移植模型中,每天给予abemaciclib无中断作为一个单药或与抗雌激素组合导致肿瘤大小减小。.
12.2 药效动力学
心脏电生理学
根据在患者和在一项健康志愿者研究中QTc间期的评价,abemaciclib不致在QTc间期中巨大均数增加(即,20 ms)。
12.3 药代动力学
在有实体肿瘤患者,包括转移乳癌,和在健康受试者中描述abemaciclib的药代动力学特征。
单次和重复每天2次给药50 mg后(0.3倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)至200 mg的abemaciclib,血浆暴露(AUC)和Cmax中增加是接近正比例。重复每天2次给药后5天内实现稳态,和估算的何均数积蓄比值为2.3(50% CV)和3.2(59% CV)分别根据Cmax和AUC。
吸收
一次单次口服剂量200 mg后abemaciclib的绝对生物利用度为45%(19% CV)。Abemaciclib的中位Tmax为8.0小时(范围:4.1-24.0小时)。
食物的影响
一个高-脂肪,高-热量餐(接近800至1000卡有150卡来自蛋白质,250卡来自碳水化合物,和500至600卡来自脂肪)给予健康受试者增加abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的AUC为9%和增加Cmax为26%.
分布
在体外,abemaciclib被结合至人血浆蛋白质,血清白蛋白,和α-1-酸性糖蛋白在一个浓度依赖方式从152 ng/mL至5066 ng/mL。在一项临床研究中,均数(标准差,SD)结合分量为96.3%(1.1)对abemaciclib,93.4%(1.3)对M2,96.8%(0.8)对M18,和97.8%(0.6)对M20。几何均数全身分布容积是接近690.3 L(49% CV)。
在有晚期癌患者,包括乳癌,abemaciclib和它的活性代谢物M2和M20在脑脊液中浓度是与未结合的血浆浓度有可比性。
消除
在患者Abemaciclib的几何均数肝清除率为26.0 L/h(51% CV),和患者对abemaciclib均数血浆消除半衰期为18.3小时(72% CV)。
代谢
肝脏代谢是abemaciclib清除的主要途径。Abemaciclib被代谢为几种代谢物主要地通过细胞色素P450(CYP) 3A4,它形成N-去乙基abemaciclib(M2)代表主要代谢途径。另外代谢物包括羟基abemaciclib(M20),羟基-N-去乙基abemaciclib(M18),和一个氧化代谢物(M1)。M2,M18,和M20是等同于和它们的AUCs分别占在血浆总循环的25%,13%,和26%。
排泄
一个单次150 mg口服剂量放射性标记的abemaciclib后,在粪中回收接近81%的剂量和尿中回收接近3%。在粪中消除剂量的多数为为代谢物。
特殊人群
年龄,性别,和体重
根据一项群体药代动力学分析 in患者有癌症,年龄(范围24-91岁),性别(134男性和856女性),和体重(范围36-175 kg)对的abemaciclib暴露无影响。
有肾受损患者
在一项990例个体群体药代动力学分析,其中381例个体有轻度肾受损(60 mL/min ≤ CLcr <90 mL/min)和126个体有中度肾受损(30 mL/min ≤ CLcr <60 mL/min),轻度和中度肾受损对abemaciclib暴露无影响[见在特殊人群中使用(8.6)]。不知道严重肾受损(CLcr <30 mL/min)对abemaciclib药代动力学的影响。
有肝受损患者
一个单次200 mg口服剂量abemaciclib后,在血浆中abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物(M2,M18,M20)在有轻度肝受损(Child-Pugh A,n=9)受试者调整的未结合AUC0-INF的相对效力增加1.2-倍,在受试者有中度肝受损(Child-Pugh B,n=10) 1.1-倍,和在受试者有严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C,n=6)相对于有正常肝功能受试者(n=10)2.4-倍[见在特殊人群中使用(8.7)]。有严重肝受损受试者,abemaciclib均数血浆半衰期增加至55小时相比有正常肝功能受试者为24小时。
药物相互作用研究
其他药物对Abemaciclib的影响
强CYP3A抑制剂:酮康唑(一种强CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib的AUC至16-倍,
伊曲康唑[Itraconazole](一种强CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18和M20)的调整未结合AUC相对效力至2.2-倍。克拉霉素[clarithromycin]的500 mg每天2次 (一种强CYP3A抑制剂)与一个单次50 mg剂量VERZENIO(0.3倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量) 共同给药增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)的相对效力调整的未结合UC0-INF 1.7-倍相对与单独abemaciclib在癌症患者中。.
中度CYP3A抑制剂:硫氮卓酮[Diltiazem]和维拉帕米[verapamil](中度CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)相对效力调整的未结合AUC分别为1.7-倍和1.3-倍。
强CYP3A诱导剂:在健康受试者600 mg每天剂量的利福平(一种强CYP3A诱导剂)与一个单次200 mg剂量的VERZENIO的共同给药减低调整的abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)未结合AUC0-INF的相对效力为67%。
中度CYP3A诱导剂:不知道中度CYP3A诱导剂对abemaciclib的药代动力学的影响。
洛哌丁胺[Loperamide]:在健康受试者中一个单次8-mg剂量的洛哌丁胺与一个单次400-mg剂量的abemaciclib的共同给药增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2和M20)的相对效力调整未结合AUC0-INF为12%,它不认为有临床相关。
氟维司群:在临床研究中,患者有乳癌,氟维司群对abemaciclib或其活性代谢物的药代动力学没有临床上相关影响。
Abemaciclib对其他药物的影响
洛哌丁胺:在健康受试者一项临床药物相互作用研究,一个单次8 mg剂量的洛哌丁胺与一个单次400 mg abemaciclib(2.7倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)共同给药增加洛哌丁胺AUC0-INF为9%和Cmax为35%相对于单独洛哌丁胺。这些增加洛哌丁胺暴露被认为无临床相关。
二甲双胍:在一项在健康受试者临床药物相互作用研究,一个单次1000 mg剂量二甲双胍,一个临床上肾OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K转运蛋白相关底物,与一个单次400 mg 剂量的abemaciclib(2.7倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)共同给药增加二甲双胍AUC0-INF为37%和Cmax 为22%相对于给单独二甲双胍。相对于单独二甲双胍,Abemaciclib分别减低二甲双胍肾清除和肾分泌45%和62%,对肾小球率过滤率(GFR)无任何影响当用碘海醇[iohexol]清除率和血清胱抑素C测量。
氟维司群:在临床研究中有乳癌患者,abemaciclib对氟维司群的药代动力学无临床上相关影响。
在体外研究
转运蛋白系统:
在被批准的推荐剂量可实现浓度,Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物抑制肾转运蛋白OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K。在临床研究用abemaciclib观察的血清肌酐增加可能是由于肌酐通过OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K的小管分泌的抑制作用[见不良效应(6.1)]。Abemaciclib和其主要代谢物在临床上相关浓度不抑制肝摄取转运蛋白OCT1,OATP1B1,和OATP1B3或肾摄取转运蛋白OAT1和OAT3。
Abemaciclib是P-gp和BCRP的一个底物。Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,不是肝摄取转运蛋白OCT1,有机阴离子转运多肽1B1(OATP1B1),或OATP1B3的底物。
Abemaciclib抑制P-gp和BCRP。不知道这些发现对敏感的P-gp和BCRP底物的临床后果。
CYP代谢通路:
Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,不诱导CYP1A2,CYP2B6,或CYP3A杂临床上相关浓度。Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,下调CYPs的mRNA,包括CYP1A2,CYP2B6,CYP2C8,CYP2C9,CYP2D6和CYP3A4。不知道这个下调的机制和它的临床相关。但是,abemaciclib是CYP3A4的底物,和未观察到作为自身抑制结果的abemaciclib的药代动力学时间-依赖变化。
P-gp和BCRP抑制剂:
在体外,abemaciclib是P-gp和BCRP的一个底物。未曽研究P-gp或BCRP抑制剂对abemaciclib的药代动力学的影响。
13 非临床毒理学
13.1 癌发生,突变发生,生育力受损
未曽用abemaciclib进行致癌性研究。
在一项细菌回复突变(Ames)试验或在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞或或外周血淋巴细胞在一个体外染色体畸变试验Abemaciclib和其活性人代谢物M2和M20不是致突变性。Abemaciclib不是致畸变性在一个体内大鼠骨髓微核试验。
未曽进行研究评估abemaciclib对生育力影响。在重复-给药毒性研究至3个月时间,在睾丸,附睾,前列腺,和贮精囊abemaciclib-相关发现在剂量≥10 mg/kg/day在大鼠和≥0.3 mg/kg/day 在犬中包括减低器官重量,细管内细胞碎片,少精子,小管扩张,萎缩,和退行性变性/坏死。在大鼠和犬中这些剂量分别导致接近2和0.02倍,在人中在最大推荐人剂量暴露(AUC)。
14 临床研究
VERZENIO与氟维司群联用(MONARCH 2)
患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展用或以前辅助或转移内分泌治疗后
MONARCH 2(NCT02107703)是一项随机化,安慰剂-对照,多中心研究在妇女有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌与氟维司群联用在转移情况下患者没有接受化疗内分泌治疗后患者有疾病进展。随机化被按照疾病部位 (内脏,仅骨,或其他)和按照对以前内分泌治疗敏感性分层(原发或继发耐药性)。原发性内分泌治疗耐药性被定义为复发当在辅助内分泌治疗的头2年或对转移乳癌第一线内分泌治疗头6个月内疾病进展。总共669例患者被随机化接受VERZENIO或安慰剂口服每天2次加肌肉内注射500 mg氟维司群在疗程1的天1和15和任何疗程2和以后(28-天疗程)的天1。对MONARCH 2前和期间围绝经期妇女被纳入研究中和接受促性腺激素释放激素激动剂戈舍瑞林[goserelin]共至少4周。患者维持继续治疗直至疾病进展发展或不能测量毒性。
患者中位年龄为60岁(范围,32-91岁),和37%的患者为大于65。多数为白种人(56%),和99%患者有一个东方肿瘤合作组(ECOG)性能状态0或1。20%的患者有从头开始转移疾病,27%仅有骨病,和56%有内脏疾病。25%患者有原发性内分泌治疗耐药性。17%患者为围绝经期。
表10和图1总结来自MONARCH 2研究疗效结果。中位PFS assessment 根据一盲态独立放射学上皮与研究者评估一致。抑制结果观察到跨越患者疾病部位和内分泌治疗耐受性分层亚组。PFS,总体生存数据主要分析时间未成熟(20%患者已死亡)。
图1:无进展生存的Kaplan-Meier曲线:VERZENIO加氟维司群相比较安慰剂加氟维司群(MONARCH 2)
VERZENIO给药作为一个单药治疗在转移乳癌(MONARCH 1)
患者用HR-阳性,HER2-阴性乳癌接受以前内分泌治疗和1-2个化疗方案在转移情况下
MONARCH 1(NCT02102490)是一个单-臂,开放,多中心研究在妇女有可测量的HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌内分泌治疗期间或后其疾病进展,曽在任何情况接受一个紫杉烷[taxane] ,和患者接受1或2个以前化疗方案在转移情况中。总共132患者接受200 mg VERZENIO口服每天2次用一个连续时间表直至疾病进展发展或不可测量毒性。
患者中位年龄为58岁(范围,36-89岁),和患者多数为白种人(85%)。患者有一个东方合作肿瘤组性能状态0(55%的患者)或1(45%)。转移疾病的中位时间为27.6个月。90%患者有内脏转移,和51%患者有 3或更多部位转移疾病。51%患者有一线化疗在转移情况。69%患者曽接受一个基于紫杉烷-方案在转移情况中和55%曽接受卡培他滨在转移情况中。表11提供来自MONARCH 1疗效结果。
16 如何供应/贮存和处置
16.1 如何供应
VERZENIO 50 mg片是椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“50”在其他侧。
VERZENIO 100 mg片是椭圆形白色至实际白色片剂有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“100”在其他侧。 VERZENIO 150 mg片是椭圆形黄色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“150”在其他侧。VERZENIO 200 mg片为椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“200”在其他侧。
VERZENIO片被供应在7-天剂量包装规格如下:
●200 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(200 mg每片)(200 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-6216-54
●150 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(150 mg每片)(150 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-5337-54
●100 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(100 mg每片)(100 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-4815-54
●50 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(50 mg每片)(50 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-4483-54
16.2 贮存和处置
贮存在20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F);外出允许至15°C至30°C(59°F至86°F).
17 患者咨询信息
建议患者阅读FDA-批准的患者资料。
腹泻
VERZENIO可能致腹泻,在某些情况中它可能是严重[见警告和注意事项(5.1)]。
● 对适当处理腹泻早期确定和干预是至关重要。在松软便的第一个征象时指导患者,他们应被开始抗腹泻治疗(例如,洛哌丁胺)和通知他们的卫生保健提供者为进一步指导和适当随访。
● 鼓励患者增加口服液体。
● 如用抗腹泻治疗24小时内腹泻确实不能解决至 ≤级别1,停止VERZENIO给药[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
中性细胞减少
忠告患者发生中性细胞减少的可能性和应即刻地联系他们的卫生保健提供者他们发生一个发热,尤其是伴随感染的任何体征[见警告和注意事项(5.2)]。
肝毒性
告知患者肝毒性的体征和症状。对肝毒性体征或症状建议患者立即联系他们的卫生保健提供者[见警告和注意事项(5.3)]。
静脉血栓栓塞
忠告患者立即地报告任何血栓栓塞任何体征或症状例如一个肢体疼痛或肿胀,气短,胸痛,呼吸急速,和心动过速[见警告和注意事项(5.4)]。
胚胎-胎儿毒性
建议生殖潜能女性对胎儿潜在风险和VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕。建议患者告知他们的卫生保健提供者一个已知或怀疑妊娠[见警告和注意事项(5.5)和在特殊人群中使用(8.1,8.3)]。
哺乳
建议哺乳妇女VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周不要哺乳喂养[见在特殊人群中使用(8.2)]。
药物相互作用
● 告知患者避免同时使用酮康唑。对其他强CYP3A抑制剂可能需要剂量减低[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
● 葡萄柚可能与VERZENIO相互作用。当治疗用VERZENIO.建议患者不要消耗柚子汁产品。
● 建议患者避免同时使用CYP3A诱导剂和考虑另外药物[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
● 建议患者告知他们的卫生保健提供者所有同时药物,包括处方药物,非处方药,维生素,和草药产品[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
给药
● 指导患者服用VERZENIO在每天接近相同时间和整吞(吞咽前不要嚼,压碎,或裂开它们)[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
● 如患者呕吐或缺失一剂,建议患者在通常时间时服用下一个处方剂量[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
● 建议患者VERZENIO可有或无食物被服用[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]
Verzenio(abemaciclibb)使用说明书2107年第一版
批准日期:2017年9月28日;公司:Eli Lilly公司
处方资料重点
这些重点不包括安全和有效使用VERZENIO需所有资料。请参阅VERZENIO完整处方资料。
VERZENIO™(abemaciclib)片,为口服使用
美国初次批准:2017
适应证和用途
VERZENIO™是一种激酶抑制剂适用:
●与氟维司群[fulvestrant]联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗有疾病进展妇女的治疗。(1)
● 作为单药治疗为有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌内分泌治疗后有疾病进展和在转移情况前化疗成年患者的治疗。(1)
剂量和给药方法
VERZENIO片与无或有食物口服服用.(2.1)
● 与氟维司群联用推荐的开始剂量:150 mg每天2次。(2.1)
●作为单药治疗推荐的开始剂量:200 mg每天2次。(2.1)
● 可能需要根据个体安全性和耐受性给药中断和/或剂量减低。(2.2)
剂型和规格
片:50 mg,100 mg,150 mg,和200 mg。(3)
禁忌证
无。(4)
警告和注意事项
● 腹泻:在松软便的第一个征象指导患者开始抗腹泻治疗,增加口服液体,和通知他们的卫生保健提供者。(5.1)
● 中性细胞减少:VERZENIO治疗的开始前,对头2个月每2周,对下一个2个月每月,和当临床上有适应证时监视完全血细胞计数。(2.2,5.2)
●肝毒性:曽观察到血清转氨酶水平增加。进行肝功能测试(LFTs)用VERZENIO开始治疗前. 监视LFTs 对头两个月每两州,对下两个月每月,和对临床有适应证时.(2.2,5.3)
●静脉血栓栓塞:监视患者对血栓形成的体征和症状和肺栓塞和药物治疗当医疗上适当时。(5.4)
胚胎-胎儿毒性:可能致胎儿危害。忠告患者对胎儿潜在风险和使用有效避孕。(5.5,8.1,8.3)
不良反应
最常见不良反应(发生率 ≥20%)为腹泻,中性细胞减少,恶心,腹痛,感染,疲乏,贫血,中性细胞减少,食欲减低,呕吐,头痛,和血小板减少。(6)
报告怀疑不良反应,联系Eli Lilly和公司电话1-800-LillyRx(1-800-545-5979)或FDA电话1-800-FDA-1088或www.fda.gov/medwatch.
药物相互作用
●CYP3A抑制剂:避免同时使用酮康唑[ketoconazole]。减低VERZENIO给药与其他强CYP3A抑制剂的同时使用。(2.2,7.1)
●CYP3A诱导剂:避免强CYP3A诱导剂的同时使用。(7.1)
在特殊人群中使用
哺乳:建议不要哺乳喂养。(8.2)
完整处方资料
1. 适应证和用途
VERZENIO™(abemaciclib)是适用:
● 与氟维司群联用为有激素受体(HR)-阳性妇女,人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)-阴性内分泌治疗后晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展的治疗。
● 当单药治疗为成年患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展内分泌治疗后和在转移情况中化疗前的治疗。
2 剂量和给药方法
2.1 推荐剂量和给药时间表
当与氟维司群联用时,VERZENIO的推荐剂量是150 mg口服每天2次。当与VERZENIO给予时,氟维司群的推荐剂量为500 mg给予在天1,15,和29;和其后每月1次。参考对氟维司群完整处方资料。停经前/期间妇女用VERZENIO加氟维司群联合治疗应与一种促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗按照当前临床实践标准。
当用作单药治疗时,VERZENIO的推荐剂量为200 mg口服每天2次。
继续治疗直至疾病进展或不能接受毒性。VERZENIO可能与食物或无食物服用[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
指导患者每天服用他们的VERZENIO约在相同时间。
如患者呕吐或缺失一剂VERZENIO,指导患者服用下一次剂量在他的给药时间表。指导患者吞整片VERZENIO片和吞咽前不要咀嚼,粉碎或分裂片。指导患者不要摄入VERZENIO片如咀嚼,粉碎或分裂片,或不完整。.
2.2 剂量修饰
对不良反应剂量修饰
表1-5提供推荐的对不良反应VERZENIO剂量修饰。对不能耐受50 mg每天2次患者终止VERZENIO。
对氟维司群共同给药岁剂量修饰和其他相关安全性信息参考完整处方资料。
对与强CYP3A抑制剂使用剂量修饰
免强CYP3A抑制剂酮康唑的同时使用
与其他强CYP3A抑制剂的同时使用,在用推荐的开始剂量200 mg每天2次或150 mg每天2次患者,减低VRZENIO剂量至100 mg每天2次。在由于不良反应患者不得不剂量减低至100 mg每天2次,进一步减低VERZENIO剂量至50 mg每天2次。如一位患者用VERZENIO终止一种强CYP3A抑制剂,增加VERZENIO剂量(抑制剂的3-5半衰期后)至剂量开始强抑制剂使用前[见药物相互作用(7.1)和临床药理学(12.3)].
对有严重肝受损患者剂量修饰
对有严重肝受损患者(Child Pugh-C),减低VERZENIO给药频数至每天1次[见在特殊人群中使用(8.7)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
3 剂型和规格
50 mg片:椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“50”在其他侧。100 mg片:椭圆形白色至实际白色片剂有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“100”在其他侧。150 mg片:椭圆形黄色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“150”在其他侧。200 mg片:椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“200”在其他侧。
4 禁忌证
无。.
5 警告和注意事项
5.1 腹泻
在MONARCH 2试验中腹泻发生在86%患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群和90%患者接受VERZENIO单独在MONARCH 1试验。级别3腹泻发生在13%的患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群在MONARCH 2试验和在20%的患者接受VERZENIO单独在MONARCH 1试验。腹泻的发作曽被伴随脱水和感染。
在MONARCH 2试验,VERZENIO给药的第一个月时腹泻发生率是最大。首次腹泻事件的发作的中位时间为6天,和对级别2和3腹泻的中位时间分别为9 天和6 天[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和患者咨询信息(17)]。有腹泻22%的患者需要省略一剂和22%需要剂量减低。在MONARCH 1研究,对腹泻至发作和解决时间与在MONARCH 2研究中相似。
指导患者在松软便的第一个征象,他们应开始抗腹泻治疗例如洛哌丁胺[loperamide],增加口服液体,和告知他们的卫生保健提供者为进一步指导和适当随访。对级别3或4腹泻,或腹泻 需要住院,终止VERZENIO直至毒性解决至≤级别1,和恢复VERZENIO在下一个较低剂量[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
5.2 中性细胞减少
在MONARCH 2接受VERZENIO加氟维司群中46%的患者发生中性细胞减少和在MONARCH 1中单独接受VERZENIO发生37%患者。在MONARCH 2中在接受VERZENIO加氟维司群32%的患者发生在嗜中性计数(根据实验室发现)一个级别≥3 减低和接受VERZENIO在MONARCH 1有27%的患者。在MONARCH 2和MONARCH 1,至级别>3 中性细胞减少首次发作中位时间为29天,和级别≥3中性细胞减少中位时间为15天[见不良反应(6.1)]。
监视完全血细胞计数VERZENIO治疗的开始前,对头2个月每2周,对下两个月,和对临床有适应证时每月。剂量中断,剂量减低,或对发生级别3或4中性细胞减少患者建议延迟治疗疗程开始[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
在MONARCH 2和MONARCH 1在暴露至VERZENIO的1%患者中曽报道发热性中性细胞减少。在MONARCH 2中观察到两例由于嗜中性减低败血症死亡。告知患者及时报告发热的任何发作至他们的卫生保健提供者[见患者咨询信息(17)]。
5.3 肝毒性
在MONARCH 2中,在VERZENIO和安慰剂臂,分别报道ALT级别≥3增加(4%相比较2%)和AST(2%相比较3%)。
在MONARCH 2中,对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者有级别≥3 ALT增加,至发作中位时间为57天,和至解决至级别<3中位时间为14天。对有级别≥3 AST增加患者,至发作中位时间为185天,和至解决中位时间为13天。.
VERZENIO治疗的开始前监视肝功能测试(LFTs),对头2个月每2周,对下两个月,和对临床有适应证时每月。建议对发生持续或复发级别2,或级别3或4,或复发肝转氨酶升高患者,建议剂量中断,剂量减低,给药终止,或治疗疗程开始后延[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
5.4 静脉血栓栓塞
在MONARCH 2中,在5%用VERZENIO加氟维司群治疗患者报道静脉血栓症[venous thromboembolic events],与之比较用氟维司群加安慰剂治疗患者被报道为0.9%。静脉血栓栓塞事件包括深静脉血栓形成,肺栓塞,脑静脉窦血栓形成,锁骨下和腋静脉血栓形成,和下腔静脉血栓形成。跨域临床开发计划,曽被报道由于静脉血栓栓塞死亡。监视患者对静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞的体征和症状和当医学上适当时治疗。
5.5 胚胎-胎儿毒性
根据来自动物研究发现和作用机制,当给予一位妊娠妇女时VERZENIO可能致胎儿危害。在动物生殖研究中,在器官形成阶段abemaciclib的给予至妊娠大鼠致畸形和减低胎儿重量在母体暴露相似于人临床暴露。根据在曲线下面积(AUC)在最大推荐人剂量。忠告妊娠妇女对胎儿潜在风险。忠告生殖潜能女性用VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1,8.3)和临床药理学(12.1)]。
6 不良反应
说明书其他节更详细讨论以下不良反应:
● 腹泻[见警告和注意事项(5.1)].
● 中性细胞减少[见警告和注意事项(5.2)].
● 肝毒性[见警告和注意事项(5.3)].
● 静脉血栓栓塞[见警告和注意事项(5.4)].
6.1 临床试验经验
因为临床试验是在广泛不同情况下进行的,临床试验观察到不良反应率不能与另一种药临床试验发生率直接比较而且可能不反映实践中观察到的发生率。
MONARCH 2:VERZENIO与氟维司群联用
有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展用或以前辅助或转移内分泌治疗后妇女
在MONARCH 2中VERZENIO(150 mg 每天2次)加氟维司群(500 mg)相比较安慰剂加氟维司群的安全性被评价。下面描述数据反映在MONARCH 2中在441例患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期乳癌接受至少一剂VERZENIO加氟维司群对VERZENIO暴露。
对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群治疗患者的中位时间为12个月和对接受安慰剂加氟维司群患者8个月。
接受VERZENIO加氟维司群43%的患者由于发生一个不良反应剂量减低。在≥5%的患者不良反应导致剂量减低为腹泻和中性细胞减少。在19%的患者接受VERZENIO加氟维司群由于任何级别腹泻发生VERZENIO剂量减低,与之比较,接受安慰剂和氟维司群0.4%的患者。在接受VERZENIO加氟维司群10%的患者由于发生任何级别中性细胞减少发生VERZENIO剂量减低相比较接受安慰剂加氟维司群没有患者中性细胞减少。
接受VERZENIO加氟维司群中9%的患者由于一个不良事件永久终止研究治疗和接受安慰剂加氟维司群中为3%患者。对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者导致永久终止的不良反应为感染(2%),腹泻(1%),肝毒性(1%),疲乏(0.7%),恶心(0.2%),腹痛(0.2%),急性肾受损(0.2%),和脑梗塞(0.2%)。
治疗期间或30-day随访期间死亡,不管原因被报道在18病例(4%)的VERZENIO加氟维司群 治疗患者相比10病例5%)的安慰剂加氟维司群治疗患者,对接受VERZENIO加氟维司群患者死亡原因包括:7(2%)患者由于潜在疾病死亡,4(0.9%)由于败血症,2(0.5%)由于肺炎,2(0.5%)由于肝毒性,和一例(0.2%)由于脑梗塞
在VERZENIO臂报道的最常见不良反应(≥20%)为腹泻,疲乏,中性细胞减少,恶心,感染,腹痛,贫血,中性细胞减少,食欲减低,呕吐,和头痛(表6)。最频繁报道的(≥5%)级别3或4 不良反应为中性细胞减少,腹泻,中性细胞减少,贫血,和感染。
肌酐增加
Abemaciclib曽被显示增加血清肌酐由于肾小管分泌转运蛋白的抑制作用,肾小管功能无影响[见临床药理学(12.3)]。在临床研究中,血清肌酐中增加(均数增加,0.2 mg/dL)发生在VERZENIO给药的头28-天疗程内,维持升高但稳定通过治疗阶段。和在是可逆治疗终止。另外标志物例如BUN,胱抑素[cystatin]C,或计算的肾小球过滤率(GFR),它们不是基于肌酐,可被考虑测定是否肾功能被损。
在转移乳癌中VERZENIO作为一个单药治疗给予(MONARCH 1)
患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性乳癌接受以前内分泌治疗和1-2个化疗方案在转移情况
下面安全性数据是根据MONARCH 1,一项单臂,开放,多中心研究在132例妇女有可测量的HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌。患者接受200 mg VERZENIO口服每天2次直至疾病进展的发展或无法控制的[unmanageable]毒性。治疗的中位时间为4.5个月。
10例患者(8%)终止研究治疗来源于不良反应由于(各1例患者)腹痛,动脉血栓形成,天冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)增加,血肌酐增加,慢性肾病,腹泻,ECG QT延长,疲乏,髋骨骨折,和淋巴细胞减少。49%患者曽剂量减低由于一个不良反应。最频繁不良反应导致剂量减低为腹泻(20%),中性细胞减少(11%),和疲乏(9%)。
在2%的患者报告治疗期间或30天随访期间死亡。这些患者中死亡的原因为由于感染。
最常见被报告的不良反应(≥20%)为腹泻,疲乏,恶心,食欲减低,腹痛,中性细胞减少,呕吐,感染,贫血,头痛,和血小板减少(表8)。接受abemaciclib患者中观察到严重(级别3和4)中性细胞减少[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
肌酐增加
Abemaciclib曽被显示增加血清肌酐由于肾小管分泌转运蛋白的抑制作用,肾小球功能无影响[见临床药理学(12.3)]。在临床研究中,血清肌酐中增加(均数增加,0.3 mg/dL)发生VERZENIO给药的头28-天疗程内,维持升高但稳定通过治疗阶段,和治疗终止时是可逆。另外标志物例如BUN,胱抑素C。或计算的GFR,它们不是基于肌酐,可能被考虑测定肾功能是否受损。
7 药物相互作用
7.1 其他药物对VERZENIO的影响
强CYP3A抑制剂
强CYP3A4抑制剂增加abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的暴露至一个临床意义程度和可能导致增加毒性。
酮康唑
避免同时使用酮康唑. 酮康唑被预计增加abemaciclib的AUC至16-倍[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
其他强CYP3A抑制剂
在患者用推荐的开始剂量200 mg每天2次或150 mg每天2次,减低VERZENIO剂量至100 mg 每天2次与同时使用其他强CYP3A抑制剂。在患者由于不良反应他曽有一个剂量减低至100 mg每天2次,进一步减低VERZENIO剂量至50 mg每天2次与同时使用其他强CYP3A抑制剂。如果一例患者用VERZENIO终止一个强CYP3A抑制剂,增加VERZENIO剂量(抑制剂的3-5 半衰期)至剂量开始强抑制剂前使用。患者应避免柚子汁产品[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
强CYP3A诱导剂
VERZENIO与利福平[rifampin],一种强CYP3A诱导剂的共同给药,减低abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的血浆浓度和可能导致减低活性。避免同时使用强CYP3A诱导剂和考虑另外药物[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
8 在特殊人群中使用
8.1 妊娠
风险总结
根据动物中发现和它的作用机制,VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见临床药理学(12.1)]。对药物关联风险没有可得到的人数据。忠告妊娠妇女对一个胎儿潜在风险。在动物生殖研究中,器官形成期间给予abemaciclib是致畸胎性和致减低胎儿体重在母体暴露相似于人临床暴露根据AUC在最大推荐人剂量(见数据)。忠告妊娠妇女对胎儿潜在风险。
不知道对适应证人群重大出生缺陷和流产的背景风险。但是,在美国一般人群中重大出生缺陷背景风险是2至4%和临床上认可流产是15至20%。
数据
动物数据
在一项胚胎-胎儿发育研究中,妊娠大鼠接受口服剂量的abemaciclib直至15 mg/kg/day在器官形成阶段期间。剂量≥4 mg/kg/day至减低的胎儿体重和心血管和骨骼畸形和变异的增加发生率。这些发现包括缺乏无名动脉和主动脉弓,位置不正确的锁骨下动脉,未骨化的胸骨,胸椎两侧骨化,和未充分发展的或结核肋骨[nodulated ribs]。在大鼠4 mg/kg/day时,母体全身暴露为接近等于推荐剂量时人暴露。
8.2 哺乳
风险总结
对abemaciclib 在人乳汁中的存在,或它的效应对哺乳喂养婴儿或对乳汁生产没有数据。 因为对在哺乳喂养婴儿来自VERZENIO严重的不良反应潜能,忠告哺乳妇女在VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周不要哺乳喂养。
8.3 生殖潜能的女性和男性
妊娠测试
根据动物研究,VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1)]。 建议对生殖潜能女性用VERZENIO开始治疗前妊娠测试。
避孕
女性
VERZENIO当给予一位妊娠妇女可能致胎儿危害[见在特殊人群中使用(8.1)]。建议生殖潜能女性VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕。
不孕不育
男性
根据动物中发现,VERZENIO在生殖潜能男性可能损伤生育力[见非临床毒理学(13.1)]。
8.4 儿童使用
未曽在儿童患者中确定VERZENIO的安全性和有效性。
8.5 老年人使用
在MONARCH 2中接受VERZENIO的441例患者中,35%为65岁或以上和9%为75岁或以上。 在MONARCH 1中接受VERZENIO的132例患者中,32%为65岁或以上和8%为75岁或以上。这些患者和较年轻患者间未观察到VERZENIO的安全性或有效性总体差别。
8.6 肾受损
对有轻度或中度肾受损患者(CLcr ≥30-89 mL/min,用Cockcroft-Gault[C-G]估算)无需剂量调整。不知道在有严重肾受损患者(CLcr <30 mL/min,C-G),肾病终末期,或在用透析患者中abemaciclib的药代动力学[见临床药理学(12.3)]。
8.7 肝受损
在有轻度或中度肝受损(Child-Pugh A或B) 患者中无需剂量调整。对有严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C)患者当给予VERZENIO时减低给药频数[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和临床药理学(12.3)]。
10 药物过量
对VERZENIO无已知的解毒药[antidote]。对VERZENIO药物过量的治疗应用一般支持措施组成。
11 一般描述
Abemaciclib是一种为口服给药激酶抑制剂。它是一种白色至黄色粉有经验式C27H32F2N8和一个分子量506.59。
对abemaciclib化学名是2-Pyrimidinamine,N-[5-[(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-2-pyridinyl]-5-fluoro-4-[4fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl]-。Abemaciclib有以下结构:
VERZENIO(abemaciclib)片是作为释制剂[immediate-release]提供椭圆形白色,米色,或黄色片。无活性成分如下:赋形剂—微晶纤维素102,微晶纤维素101,一水乳糖,交联羧甲基纤维素钠,硬脂酰富马酸钠,二氧化硅。颜色混合物成分—聚乙烯醇,二氧化钛,聚乙二醇,滑石,氧化铁黄,和氧化铁红。
12 临床药理学
12.1 作用机制
Abemaciclib是一个细胞周期蛋白[cyclin]-依赖激酶4和6(CDK4和CDK6)的抑制剂。结合至D-细胞周期蛋白上这些激酶被激活。在雌激素受体-阳性(ER+)乳癌细胞系,细胞周期蛋白D1和CDK4/6促进视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白质[retinoblastoma protein(Rb)]的磷酸化,细胞周期进展,和细胞增殖。在体外,连续暴露至abemaciclib抑制Rb磷酸化和阻断细胞周期的从G1至S期进程,导致细胞老化[senescence]和凋亡。在乳腺癌异种移植模型中,每天给予abemaciclib无中断作为一个单药或与抗雌激素组合导致肿瘤大小减小。.
12.2 药效动力学
心脏电生理学
根据在患者和在一项健康志愿者研究中QTc间期的评价,abemaciclib不致在QTc间期中巨大均数增加(即,20 ms)。
12.3 药代动力学
在有实体肿瘤患者,包括转移乳癌,和在健康受试者中描述abemaciclib的药代动力学特征。
单次和重复每天2次给药50 mg后(0.3倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)至200 mg的abemaciclib,血浆暴露(AUC)和Cmax中增加是接近正比例。重复每天2次给药后5天内实现稳态,和估算的何均数积蓄比值为2.3(50% CV)和3.2(59% CV)分别根据Cmax和AUC。
吸收
一次单次口服剂量200 mg后abemaciclib的绝对生物利用度为45%(19% CV)。Abemaciclib的中位Tmax为8.0小时(范围:4.1-24.0小时)。
食物的影响
一个高-脂肪,高-热量餐(接近800至1000卡有150卡来自蛋白质,250卡来自碳水化合物,和500至600卡来自脂肪)给予健康受试者增加abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物的AUC为9%和增加Cmax为26%.
分布
在体外,abemaciclib被结合至人血浆蛋白质,血清白蛋白,和α-1-酸性糖蛋白在一个浓度依赖方式从152 ng/mL至5066 ng/mL。在一项临床研究中,均数(标准差,SD)结合分量为96.3%(1.1)对abemaciclib,93.4%(1.3)对M2,96.8%(0.8)对M18,和97.8%(0.6)对M20。几何均数全身分布容积是接近690.3 L(49% CV)。
在有晚期癌患者,包括乳癌,abemaciclib和它的活性代谢物M2和M20在脑脊液中浓度是与未结合的血浆浓度有可比性。
消除
在患者Abemaciclib的几何均数肝清除率为26.0 L/h(51% CV),和患者对abemaciclib均数血浆消除半衰期为18.3小时(72% CV)。
代谢
肝脏代谢是abemaciclib清除的主要途径。Abemaciclib被代谢为几种代谢物主要地通过细胞色素P450(CYP) 3A4,它形成N-去乙基abemaciclib(M2)代表主要代谢途径。另外代谢物包括羟基abemaciclib(M20),羟基-N-去乙基abemaciclib(M18),和一个氧化代谢物(M1)。M2,M18,和M20是等同于和它们的AUCs分别占在血浆总循环的25%,13%,和26%。
排泄
一个单次150 mg口服剂量放射性标记的abemaciclib后,在粪中回收接近81%的剂量和尿中回收接近3%。在粪中消除剂量的多数为为代谢物。
特殊人群
年龄,性别,和体重
根据一项群体药代动力学分析 in患者有癌症,年龄(范围24-91岁),性别(134男性和856女性),和体重(范围36-175 kg)对的abemaciclib暴露无影响。
有肾受损患者
在一项990例个体群体药代动力学分析,其中381例个体有轻度肾受损(60 mL/min ≤ CLcr <90 mL/min)和126个体有中度肾受损(30 mL/min ≤ CLcr <60 mL/min),轻度和中度肾受损对abemaciclib暴露无影响[见在特殊人群中使用(8.6)]。不知道严重肾受损(CLcr <30 mL/min)对abemaciclib药代动力学的影响。
有肝受损患者
一个单次200 mg口服剂量abemaciclib后,在血浆中abemaciclib加它的活性代谢物(M2,M18,M20)在有轻度肝受损(Child-Pugh A,n=9)受试者调整的未结合AUC0-INF的相对效力增加1.2-倍,在受试者有中度肝受损(Child-Pugh B,n=10) 1.1-倍,和在受试者有严重肝受损(Child-Pugh C,n=6)相对于有正常肝功能受试者(n=10)2.4-倍[见在特殊人群中使用(8.7)]。有严重肝受损受试者,abemaciclib均数血浆半衰期增加至55小时相比有正常肝功能受试者为24小时。
药物相互作用研究
其他药物对Abemaciclib的影响
强CYP3A抑制剂:酮康唑(一种强CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib的AUC至16-倍,
伊曲康唑[Itraconazole](一种强CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18和M20)的调整未结合AUC相对效力至2.2-倍。克拉霉素[clarithromycin]的500 mg每天2次 (一种强CYP3A抑制剂)与一个单次50 mg剂量VERZENIO(0.3倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量) 共同给药增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)的相对效力调整的未结合UC0-INF 1.7-倍相对与单独abemaciclib在癌症患者中。.
中度CYP3A抑制剂:硫氮卓酮[Diltiazem]和维拉帕米[verapamil](中度CYP3A抑制剂)被预计增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)相对效力调整的未结合AUC分别为1.7-倍和1.3-倍。
强CYP3A诱导剂:在健康受试者600 mg每天剂量的利福平(一种强CYP3A诱导剂)与一个单次200 mg剂量的VERZENIO的共同给药减低调整的abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2,M18,和M20)未结合AUC0-INF的相对效力为67%。
中度CYP3A诱导剂:不知道中度CYP3A诱导剂对abemaciclib的药代动力学的影响。
洛哌丁胺[Loperamide]:在健康受试者中一个单次8-mg剂量的洛哌丁胺与一个单次400-mg剂量的abemaciclib的共同给药增加abemaciclib加其活性代谢物(M2和M20)的相对效力调整未结合AUC0-INF为12%,它不认为有临床相关。
氟维司群:在临床研究中,患者有乳癌,氟维司群对abemaciclib或其活性代谢物的药代动力学没有临床上相关影响。
Abemaciclib对其他药物的影响
洛哌丁胺:在健康受试者一项临床药物相互作用研究,一个单次8 mg剂量的洛哌丁胺与一个单次400 mg abemaciclib(2.7倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)共同给药增加洛哌丁胺AUC0-INF为9%和Cmax为35%相对于单独洛哌丁胺。这些增加洛哌丁胺暴露被认为无临床相关。
二甲双胍:在一项在健康受试者临床药物相互作用研究,一个单次1000 mg剂量二甲双胍,一个临床上肾OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K转运蛋白相关底物,与一个单次400 mg 剂量的abemaciclib(2.7倍批准的推荐150 mg剂量)共同给药增加二甲双胍AUC0-INF为37%和Cmax 为22%相对于给单独二甲双胍。相对于单独二甲双胍,Abemaciclib分别减低二甲双胍肾清除和肾分泌45%和62%,对肾小球率过滤率(GFR)无任何影响当用碘海醇[iohexol]清除率和血清胱抑素C测量。
氟维司群:在临床研究中有乳癌患者,abemaciclib对氟维司群的药代动力学无临床上相关影响。
在体外研究
转运蛋白系统:
在被批准的推荐剂量可实现浓度,Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物抑制肾转运蛋白OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K。在临床研究用abemaciclib观察的血清肌酐增加可能是由于肌酐通过OCT2,MATE1,和MATE2-K的小管分泌的抑制作用[见不良效应(6.1)]。Abemaciclib和其主要代谢物在临床上相关浓度不抑制肝摄取转运蛋白OCT1,OATP1B1,和OATP1B3或肾摄取转运蛋白OAT1和OAT3。
Abemaciclib是P-gp和BCRP的一个底物。Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,不是肝摄取转运蛋白OCT1,有机阴离子转运多肽1B1(OATP1B1),或OATP1B3的底物。
Abemaciclib抑制P-gp和BCRP。不知道这些发现对敏感的P-gp和BCRP底物的临床后果。
CYP代谢通路:
Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,不诱导CYP1A2,CYP2B6,或CYP3A杂临床上相关浓度。Abemaciclib和其活性代谢物,M2和M20,下调CYPs的mRNA,包括CYP1A2,CYP2B6,CYP2C8,CYP2C9,CYP2D6和CYP3A4。不知道这个下调的机制和它的临床相关。但是,abemaciclib是CYP3A4的底物,和未观察到作为自身抑制结果的abemaciclib的药代动力学时间-依赖变化。
P-gp和BCRP抑制剂:
在体外,abemaciclib是P-gp和BCRP的一个底物。未曽研究P-gp或BCRP抑制剂对abemaciclib的药代动力学的影响。
13 非临床毒理学
13.1 癌发生,突变发生,生育力受损
未曽用abemaciclib进行致癌性研究。
在一项细菌回复突变(Ames)试验或在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞或或外周血淋巴细胞在一个体外染色体畸变试验Abemaciclib和其活性人代谢物M2和M20不是致突变性。Abemaciclib不是致畸变性在一个体内大鼠骨髓微核试验。
未曽进行研究评估abemaciclib对生育力影响。在重复-给药毒性研究至3个月时间,在睾丸,附睾,前列腺,和贮精囊abemaciclib-相关发现在剂量≥10 mg/kg/day在大鼠和≥0.3 mg/kg/day 在犬中包括减低器官重量,细管内细胞碎片,少精子,小管扩张,萎缩,和退行性变性/坏死。在大鼠和犬中这些剂量分别导致接近2和0.02倍,在人中在最大推荐人剂量暴露(AUC)。
14 临床研究
VERZENIO与氟维司群联用(MONARCH 2)
患者有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性晚期或转移乳癌有疾病进展用或以前辅助或转移内分泌治疗后
MONARCH 2(NCT02107703)是一项随机化,安慰剂-对照,多中心研究在妇女有HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌与氟维司群联用在转移情况下患者没有接受化疗内分泌治疗后患者有疾病进展。随机化被按照疾病部位 (内脏,仅骨,或其他)和按照对以前内分泌治疗敏感性分层(原发或继发耐药性)。原发性内分泌治疗耐药性被定义为复发当在辅助内分泌治疗的头2年或对转移乳癌第一线内分泌治疗头6个月内疾病进展。总共669例患者被随机化接受VERZENIO或安慰剂口服每天2次加肌肉内注射500 mg氟维司群在疗程1的天1和15和任何疗程2和以后(28-天疗程)的天1。对MONARCH 2前和期间围绝经期妇女被纳入研究中和接受促性腺激素释放激素激动剂戈舍瑞林[goserelin]共至少4周。患者维持继续治疗直至疾病进展发展或不能测量毒性。
患者中位年龄为60岁(范围,32-91岁),和37%的患者为大于65。多数为白种人(56%),和99%患者有一个东方肿瘤合作组(ECOG)性能状态0或1。20%的患者有从头开始转移疾病,27%仅有骨病,和56%有内脏疾病。25%患者有原发性内分泌治疗耐药性。17%患者为围绝经期。
表10和图1总结来自MONARCH 2研究疗效结果。中位PFS assessment 根据一盲态独立放射学上皮与研究者评估一致。抑制结果观察到跨越患者疾病部位和内分泌治疗耐受性分层亚组。PFS,总体生存数据主要分析时间未成熟(20%患者已死亡)。
图1:无进展生存的Kaplan-Meier曲线:VERZENIO加氟维司群相比较安慰剂加氟维司群(MONARCH 2)
VERZENIO给药作为一个单药治疗在转移乳癌(MONARCH 1)
患者用HR-阳性,HER2-阴性乳癌接受以前内分泌治疗和1-2个化疗方案在转移情况下
MONARCH 1(NCT02102490)是一个单-臂,开放,多中心研究在妇女有可测量的HR-阳性,HER2-阴性转移乳癌内分泌治疗期间或后其疾病进展,曽在任何情况接受一个紫杉烷[taxane] ,和患者接受1或2个以前化疗方案在转移情况中。总共132患者接受200 mg VERZENIO口服每天2次用一个连续时间表直至疾病进展发展或不可测量毒性。
患者中位年龄为58岁(范围,36-89岁),和患者多数为白种人(85%)。患者有一个东方合作肿瘤组性能状态0(55%的患者)或1(45%)。转移疾病的中位时间为27.6个月。90%患者有内脏转移,和51%患者有 3或更多部位转移疾病。51%患者有一线化疗在转移情况。69%患者曽接受一个基于紫杉烷-方案在转移情况中和55%曽接受卡培他滨在转移情况中。表11提供来自MONARCH 1疗效结果。
16 如何供应/贮存和处置
16.1 如何供应
VERZENIO 50 mg片是椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“50”在其他侧。
VERZENIO 100 mg片是椭圆形白色至实际白色片剂有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“100”在其他侧。 VERZENIO 150 mg片是椭圆形黄色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“150”在其他侧。VERZENIO 200 mg片为椭圆形米色片有“Lilly”凹陷在一侧和“200”在其他侧。
VERZENIO片被供应在7-天剂量包装规格如下:
●200 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(200 mg每片)(200 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-6216-54
●150 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(150 mg每片)(150 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-5337-54
●100 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(100 mg每片)(100 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-4815-54
●50 mg剂量包装(14片) – 每个吸塑包装包含14片(50 mg每片)(50 mg每天2次)NDC 0002-4483-54
16.2 贮存和处置
贮存在20°C至25°C(68°F至77°F);外出允许至15°C至30°C(59°F至86°F).
17 患者咨询信息
建议患者阅读FDA-批准的患者资料。
腹泻
VERZENIO可能致腹泻,在某些情况中它可能是严重[见警告和注意事项(5.1)]。
● 对适当处理腹泻早期确定和干预是至关重要。在松软便的第一个征象时指导患者,他们应被开始抗腹泻治疗(例如,洛哌丁胺)和通知他们的卫生保健提供者为进一步指导和适当随访。
● 鼓励患者增加口服液体。
● 如用抗腹泻治疗24小时内腹泻确实不能解决至 ≤级别1,停止VERZENIO给药[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)]。
中性细胞减少
忠告患者发生中性细胞减少的可能性和应即刻地联系他们的卫生保健提供者他们发生一个发热,尤其是伴随感染的任何体征[见警告和注意事项(5.2)]。
肝毒性
告知患者肝毒性的体征和症状。对肝毒性体征或症状建议患者立即联系他们的卫生保健提供者[见警告和注意事项(5.3)]。
静脉血栓栓塞
忠告患者立即地报告任何血栓栓塞任何体征或症状例如一个肢体疼痛或肿胀,气短,胸痛,呼吸急速,和心动过速[见警告和注意事项(5.4)]。
胚胎-胎儿毒性
建议生殖潜能女性对胎儿潜在风险和VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周使用有效避孕。建议患者告知他们的卫生保健提供者一个已知或怀疑妊娠[见警告和注意事项(5.5)和在特殊人群中使用(8.1,8.3)]。
哺乳
建议哺乳妇女VERZENIO治疗期间和末次剂量后共至少3周不要哺乳喂养[见在特殊人群中使用(8.2)]。
药物相互作用
● 告知患者避免同时使用酮康唑。对其他强CYP3A抑制剂可能需要剂量减低[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
● 葡萄柚可能与VERZENIO相互作用。当治疗用VERZENIO.建议患者不要消耗柚子汁产品。
● 建议患者避免同时使用CYP3A诱导剂和考虑另外药物[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
● 建议患者告知他们的卫生保健提供者所有同时药物,包括处方药物,非处方药,维生素,和草药产品[见剂量和给药方法(2.2)和药物相互作用(7)]。
给药
● 指导患者服用VERZENIO在每天接近相同时间和整吞(吞咽前不要嚼,压碎,或裂开它们)[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
● 如患者呕吐或缺失一剂,建议患者在通常时间时服用下一个处方剂量[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]。
● 建议患者VERZENIO可有或无食物被服用[见剂量和给药方法(2.1)]
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION
These highlights do not include all the information needed to use VERZENIO safely and effectively. See full prescribing information
for VERZENIO.
VERZENIO™ (abemaciclib) tablets, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 2017
---------------------------- INDICATIONS AND USAGE ---------------------------
VERZENIO™ is a kinase inhibitor indicated:
• in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy. (1)
• as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with HR- positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy and prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. (1)
------------------------DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION -----------------------
VERZENIO tablets are taken orally with or without food. (2.1)
• Recommended starting dose in combination with fulvestrant: 150 mg twice daily. (2.1)
• Recommended starting dose as monotherapy: 200 mg twice daily. (2.1)
• Dosing interruption and/or dose reductions may be required based on individual safety and tolerability. (2.2)
----------------------DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS---------------------
Tablets: 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg. (3)
------------------------------- CONTRAINDICATIONS ------------------------------
None. (4)
------------------------ WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS -----------------------
• Diarrhea: Instruct patients at the first sign of loose stools to initiate antidiarrheal therapy, increase oral fluids, and notify their healthcare provider. (5.1)
FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS*
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Recommended Dose and Schedule
2.2 Dose Modification
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1 Diarrhea
5.2 Neutropenia
5.3 Hepatotoxicity
5.4 Venous Thromboembolism
5.5 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS
6.1 Clinical Studies Experience
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS
7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on VERZENIO
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1 Pregnancy
8.2 Lactation
8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
• Neutropenia: Monitor complete blood counts prior to the start of VERZENIO therapy, every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. (2.2, 5.2)
• Hepatotoxicity: Increases in serum transaminase levels have been observed. Perform liver function tests (LFTs) before initiating treatment with VERZENIO. Monitor LFTs every two weeks for the first two months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. (2.2, 5.3)
• Venous Thromboembolism: Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and treat as medically appropriate. (5.4)
• Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise patients of potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception. (5.5, 8.1, 8.3)
------------------------------- ADVERSE REACTIONS ------------------------------
Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥20%) were diarrhea, neutropenia, nausea, abdominal pain, infections, fatigue, anemia, leukopenia, decreased appetite, vomiting, headache, and thrombocytopenia. (6)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Eli Lilly and Company at 1-800-LillyRx (1-800-545-5979) or FDA at
1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
------------------------------- DRUG INTERACTIONS ------------------------------
• CYP3A Inhibitors: Avoid concomitant use of ketoconazole. Reduce the VERZENIO dose with concomitant use of other strong CYP3A inhibitors. (2.2, 7.1)
• CYP3A Inducers: Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers. (7.1)
------------------------USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS-----------------------
Lactation: Advise not to breastfeed. (8.2)
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and
FDA-approved patient labeling.
Revised: 9/2017
8.4 Pediatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use
8.6 Renal Impairment
8.7 Hepatic Impairment
10 OVERDOSAGE
11 DESCRIPTION
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1 Mechanism of Action
12.2 Pharmacodynamics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
14 CLINICAL STUDIES
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING
16.1 How Supplied
16.2 Storage and Handling
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION
* Sections or subsections omitted from the full prescribing information are not listed.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
VERZENIO™ (abemaciclib) is indicated:
• in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy.
• as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy and prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.
2.1 Recommended Dose and Schedule
When used in combination with fulvestrant, the recommended dose of VERZENIO is 150 mg taken orally twice daily. When given with VERZENIO, the recommended dose of fulvestrant is 500 mg administered on Days 1, 15, and 29; and once monthly thereafter. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information for fulvestrant. Pre/perimenopausal women treated with the combination of VERZENIO plus fulvestrant should be treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist according to current clinical practice standards.
When used as monotherapy, the recommended dose of VERZENIO is 200 mg taken orally twice daily.
Continue treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. VERZENIO may be taken with or without food[see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Instruct patients to take their doses of VERZENIO at approximately the same times every day.
If the patient vomits or misses a dose of VERZENIO, instruct the patient to take the next dose at its scheduled time. Instruct patients to swallow VERZENIO tablets whole and not to chew, crush, or split tablets before swallowing. Instruct patients not to ingest VERZENIO tablets if broken, cracked, or otherwise not intact.
Dose Modifications for Adverse Reactions
The recommended VERZENIO dose modifications for adverse reactions are provided in Tables 1-5. Discontinue VERZENIO for patients unable to tolerate 50 mg twice daily.
Dose Level |
VERZENIO Dose in Combination with Fulvestrant |
VERZENIO Dose for Monotherapy |
Recommended starting dose |
150 mg twice daily |
200 mg twice daily |
First dose reduction |
100 mg twice daily |
150 mg twice daily |
Second dose reduction |
50 mg twice daily |
100 mg twice daily |
Third dose reduction |
not applicable |
50 mg twice daily |
Table 2: VERZENIO Dose Modification and Management — Hematologic Toxicitiesa
Monitor complete blood counts prior to the start of VERZENIO therapy, every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. |
|
CTCAE Grade |
VERZENIO Dose Modifications |
Grade 1 or 2 |
No dose modification is required. |
Grade 3 |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 2. Dose reduction is not required. |
Grade 3 recurrent, or Grade 4 |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 2. Resume atnext lower dose. |
Abbreviations: CTCAE = Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.
a If blood cell growth factors are required, suspend VERZENIO dose for at least 48 hours after the last dose of blood cell growth factor and until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 2. Resume atnext lower doseunless already performed for the toxicity that led to the use of the growth factor. Growth factor use as per current treatment guidelines.
At the first sign of loose stools, start treatment with antidiarrheal agents and increase intake of oral fluids. |
|
CTCAE Grade |
VERZENIO Dose Modifications |
Grade 1 |
No dose modification is required. |
Grade 2 |
If toxicity does not resolve within 24 hours to ≤Grade 1, suspend dose until resolution. No dose reduction is required. |
Grade 2 that persists or recurs after resuming the same dose despite maximal supportive measures |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 1. Resume atnext lower dose. |
Grade 3 or 4 or requires hospitalization |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 1. Resume atnext lower dose. |
Table 4: VERZENIO Dose Modification and Management — Hepatotoxicity
Monitor ALT, AST, and serum bilirubin prior to the start of VERZENIO therapy, every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. |
|
CTCAE Grade for ALT and AST |
VERZENIO Dose Modifications |
Grade 1 (>ULN-3.0 x ULN) Grade 2 (>3.0-5.0 x ULN), WITHOUT increase in total bilirubin above 2 x ULN |
No dose modification is required. |
Persistent or Recurrent Grade 2, or Grade 3 (>5.0 20.0 x ULN), WITHOUT increase in total bilirubin above 2 x ULN |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to baseline or Grade 1. Resume at next lower dose. |
Elevation in AST and/or ALT >3 x ULN WITH total bilirubin >2 x ULN, in the absence of cholestasis |
Discontinue VERZENIO. |
Grade 4 (>20.0 x ULN) |
Discontinue VERZENIO. |
Abbreviations: ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, ULN = upper limit of normal.
CTCAE Grade |
VERZENIO Dose Modifications |
Grade 1 or 2 |
No dose modification is required. |
Persistent or recurrent Grade 2 toxicity that does not resolve with maximal supportive measures within 7 days to baseline or Grade 1 |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to baseline or ≤Grade 1. Resume atnext lower dose. |
Grade 3 or 4 |
Suspend dose until toxicity resolves to baseline or ≤Grade 1. Resume atnext lower dose. |
a Excluding diarrhea, hematologic toxicity, and hepatotoxicity.
Refer to the Full Prescribing Information for coadministered fulvestrant for dose modifications and other relevant safety information.
Dose Modification for Use with Strong CYP3A Inhibitors
Avoid concomitant use of the strong CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole.
With concomitant use of other strong CYP3A inhibitors, in patients with recommended starting doses of 200 mg twice daily or 150 mg twice daily, reduce the VERZENIO dose to 100 mg twice daily. In patients who have had a dose reduction to 100 mg twice daily due to adverse reactions, further reduce the VERZENIO dose to 50 mg twice daily. If a patient taking VERZENIO discontinues a strong CYP3A inhibitor, increase the VERZENIO dose (after 3-5 half-lives of the inhibitor) to the dose that was used before starting the strong inhibitor [see Drug Interactions (7.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Dose Modification for Patients with Severe Hepatic Impairment
For patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child Pugh-C), reduce the VERZENIO dosing frequency to once daily[see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
50 mg tablets: oval beige tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “50” on the other side.
100 mg tablets: oval white to practically white tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “100” on the other side. 150 mg tablets: oval yellow tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “150” on the other side.
200 mg tablets: oval beige tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “200” on the other side.
None.
5.1 Diarrhea
Diarrhea occurred in 86% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant in MONARCH 2 and 90% of patients receiving VERZENIO alone in MONARCH 1. Grade 3 diarrhea occurred in 13% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant in MONARCH 2 and in 20% of patients receiving VERZENIO alone in MONARCH 1. Episodes of diarrhea have been associated with dehydration and infection.
In MONARCH 2, diarrhea incidence was greatest during the first month of VERZENIO dosing. The median time to onset of the first diarrhea event was 6 days, and the median duration of diarrhea for Grades 2 and 3 were 9 days and 6 days, respectively [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Patient Counseling Information (17)]. Twenty-two percent of patients with diarrhea required a dose omission and 22% required a dose reduction. In the MONARCH 1 study, the time to onset and resolution for diarrhea were similar to those in MONARCH 2.
Instruct patients that at the first sign of loose stools, they should start antidiarrheal therapy such as loperamide, increase oral fluids, and notify their healthcare provider for further instructions and appropriate follow up. For Grade 3 or 4 diarrhea, or diarrhea that requires hospitalization, discontinue VERZENIO until toxicity resolves to ≤Grade 1, and then resume VERZENIO at the next lower dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Neutropenia occurred in 46% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant in MONARCH 2 and 37% of patients receiving VERZENIO alone in MONARCH 1. A Grade ≥3 decrease in neutrophil count (based on laboratory findings) occurred in 32% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant in MONARCH 2 and in 27% of patients receiving VERZENIO in MONARCH 1. In MONARCH 2 and MONARCH 1, the median time to first episode of Grade >3 neutropenia was 29 days, and the median duration of Grade ≥3 neutropenia was 15 days [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Monitor complete blood counts prior to the start of VERZENIO therapy, every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. Dose interruption, dose reduction, or delay in starting treatment cycles is recommended for patients who develop Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Febrile neutropenia has been reported in 1% of patients exposed to VERZENIO in MONARCH 2 and MONARCH 1. Two deaths due to neutropenic sepsis were observed in MONARCH 2. Inform patients to promptly report any episodes of fever to their healthcare provider [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].
In MONARCH 2, Grade ≥3 increases in ALT (4% versus 2%) and AST (2% versus 3%) were reported in the VERZENIO and placebo arms, respectively.
In MONARCH 2, for patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant with Grade ≥3 ALT increased, median time to onset was 57 days, and median time to resolution to Grade <3 was 14 days. For patients with Grade ≥3 AST increased, median time to onset was 185 days, and median time to resolution was 13 days.
Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) prior to the start of VERZENIO therapy, every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, monthly for the next 2 months, and as clinically indicated. Dose interruption, dose reduction, dose discontinuation, or delay in starting treatment cycles is recommended for patients who develop persistent or recurrent Grade 2, or Grade 3 or 4, hepatic transaminase elevation [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
In MONARCH 2, venous thromboembolic events were reported in 5% of patients treated with VERZENIO plus fulvestrant as compared to 0.9% of patients treated with fulvestrant plus placebo. Venous thromboembolic events included deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, subclavian and axillary vein thrombosis, and inferior vena cava thrombosis. Across the clinical development program, deaths due to venous thromboembolism have been reported. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and treat as medically appropriate.
Based on findings from animal studies and the mechanism of action, VERZENIO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, administration of abemaciclib to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis caused teratogenicity and decreased fetal weight at maternal exposures that were similar to the human clinical exposure based on area under the curve (AUC) at the maximum recommended human dose. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with VERZENIO and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)].
The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:
• Diarrhea[see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
• Neutropenia[see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
• Hepatotoxicity[see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
• Venous Thromboembolism[see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
MONARCH 2: VERZENIO in Combination with Fulvestrant
Women with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression on or after prior adjuvant or metastatic endocrine therapy
The safety of VERZENIO (150 mg twice daily) plus fulvestrant (500 mg) versus placebo plus fulvestrant was evaluated in MONARCH 2. The data described below reflect exposure to VERZENIO in 441 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who received at least one dose of VERZENIO plus fulvestrant in MONARCH 2.
Median duration of treatment was 12 months for patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant and 8 months for patients receiving placebo plus fulvestrant.
Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 43% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant. Adverse reactions leading to dose reductions in ≥5% of patients were diarrhea and neutropenia. VERZENIO dose reductions due to diarrhea of any grade occurred in 19% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant compared to 0.4% of patients receiving placebo and fulvestrant. VERZENIO dose reductions due to neutropenia of any grade occurred in 10% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant compared to no patients receiving placebo plus fulvestrant.
Permanent study treatment discontinuation due to an adverse event were reported in 9% of patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant and in 3% of patients receiving placebo plus fulvestrant. Adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation for patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant were infection (2%), diarrhea (1%), hepatotoxicity (1%), fatigue (0.7%), nausea (0.2%), abdominal pain (0.2%), acute kidney injury (0.2%), and cerebral infarction (0.2%).
Deaths during treatment or during the 30-day follow up, regardless of causality, were reported in 18 cases (4%) of VERZENIO plus fulvestrant treated patients versus 10 cases (5%) of placebo plus fulvestrant treated patients. Causes of death for patients receiving VERZENIO plus fulvestrant included: 7 (2%) patient deaths due to underlying disease, 4 (0.9%) due to sepsis, 2 (0.5%) due to pneumonitis, 2 (0.5%) due to hepatotoxicity, and one (0.2%) due to cerebral infarction.
The most common adverse reactions reported (≥20%) in the VERZENIO arm were diarrhea, fatigue, neutropenia, nausea, infections, abdominal pain, anemia, leukopenia, decreased appetite, vomiting, and headache (Table 6). The most frequently reported (≥5%) Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions were neutropenia, diarrhea, leukopenia, anemia, and infections.
|
VERZENIO plus Fulvestrant N=441 |
Placebo plus Fulvestrant N=223 |
||||
|
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
Gastrointestinal Disorders |
||||||
Diarrhea |
86 |
13 |
0 |
25 |
<1 |
0 |
Nausea |
45 |
3 |
0 |
23 |
1 |
0 |
Abdominal paina |
35 |
2 |
0 |
16 |
1 |
0 |
Vomiting |
26 |
<1 |
0 |
10 |
2 |
0 |
Stomatitis |
15 |
<1 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
Infections and Infestations |
||||||
Infectionsb |
43 |
5 |
<1 |
25 |
3 |
<1 |
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders |
||||||
Neutropeniac |
46 |
24 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
<1 |
Anemiad |
29 |
7 |
<1 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
Leukopeniae |
28 |
9 |
<1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
Thrombocytopeniaf |
16 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
<1 |
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions |
||||||
Fatigueg |
46 |
3 |
0 |
32 |
<1 |
0 |
Edema peripheral |
12 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
Pyrexia |
11 |
<1 |
<1 |
6 |
<1 |
0 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders |
Decreased appetite |
27 |
1 |
0 |
12 |
<1 |
0 |
Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders |
||||||
Cough |
13 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders |
||||||
Alopecia |
16 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
Pruritus |
13 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
Rash |
11 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
Nervous System Disorders |
||||||
Headache |
20 |
1 |
0 |
15 |
<1 |
0 |
Dysgeusia |
18 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
Dizziness |
12 |
1 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
Investigations |
||||||
Alanine aminotransferase increased |
13 |
4 |
<1 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
Aspartate aminotransferase increased |
12 |
2 |
0 |
7 |
3 |
0 |
Creatinine increased |
12 |
<1 |
0 |
<1 |
0 |
0 |
Weight decreased |
10 |
<1 |
0 |
2 |
<1 |
0 |
a Includes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain lower, abdominal discomfort, abdominal tenderness.
b Includes upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, lung infection, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, sinusitis, vaginal infection, sepsis.
c Includes neutropenia, neutrophil count decreased.
d Includes anemia, hematocrit decreased, hemoglobin decreased, red blood cell count decreased.
e Includes leukopenia, white blood cell count decreased. f Includes platelet count decreased, thrombocytopenia. g Includes asthenia, fatigue.
Additional adverse reactions in MONARCH 2 include venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, subclavian vein thrombosis, axillary vein thrombosis, and DVT inferior vena cava), which were reported in 5% of patients treated with VERZENIO plus fulvestrant as compared to 0.9% of patients treated with fulvestrant plus placebo.
|
VERZENIO plus Fulvestrant N=441 |
Placebo plus Fulvestrant N=223 |
||||
|
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
Creatinine increased |
98 |
1 |
0 |
74 |
0 |
0 |
White blood cell decreased |
90 |
23 |
<1 |
33 |
<1 |
0 |
Neutrophil count decreased |
87 |
29 |
4 |
30 |
4 |
<1 |
Anemia |
84 |
3 |
0 |
33 |
<1 |
0 |
Lymphocyte count decreased |
63 |
12 |
<1 |
32 |
2 |
0 |
Platelet count decreased |
53 |
<1 |
1 |
15 |
0 |
0 |
Alanine aminotransferase increased |
41 |
4 |
<1 |
32 |
1 |
0 |
Aspartate aminotransferase increased |
37 |
4 |
0 |
25 |
4 |
<1 |
Creatinine Increased
Abemaciclib has been shown to increase serum creatinine due to inhibition of renal tubular secretion transporters, without affecting glomerular function [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In clinical studies, increases in serum creatinine (mean increase, 0.2 mg/dL) occurred within the first 28-day cycle of VERZENIO dosing, remained elevated but stable through the treatment period, and were reversible upon treatment discontinuation. Alternative markers such as BUN, cystatin C, or calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which are not based on creatinine, may be considered to determine whether renal function is impaired.
VERZENIO Administered as a Monotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer (MONARCH 1)
Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who received prior endocrine therapy and 1-2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting
Safety data below are based on MONARCH 1, a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study in 132 women with measurable HR-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Patients received 200 mg VERZENIO orally twice daily until development of progressive disease or unmanageable toxicity. Median duration of treatment was 4.5 months.
Ten patients (8%) discontinued study treatment from adverse reactions due to (1 patient each) abdominal pain, arterial thrombosis, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased, blood creatinine increased, chronic kidney disease, diarrhea, ECG QT prolonged, fatigue, hip fracture, and lymphopenia. Forty-nine percent of patients had dose reductions due to an adverse reaction. The most frequent adverse reactions that led to dose reductions were diarrhea (20%), neutropenia (11%), and fatigue (9%).
Deaths during treatment or during the 30-day follow up were reported in 2% of patients. Cause of death in these patients was due to infection.
The most common reported adverse reactions (≥20%) were diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, neutropenia, vomiting, infections, anemia, headache, and thrombocytopenia (Table 8). Severe (Grade 3 and 4) neutropenia was observed in patients receiving abemaciclib [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
|
VERZENIO N=132 |
||
|
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
Gastrointestinal Disorders |
|||
Diarrhea |
90 |
20 |
0 |
Nausea |
64 |
5 |
0 |
Abdominal pain |
39 |
2 |
0 |
Vomiting |
35 |
2 |
0 |
Constipation |
17 |
<1 |
0 |
Dry mouth |
14 |
0 |
0 |
Stomatitis |
14 |
0 |
0 |
Infections and Infestations |
|||
Infections |
31 |
5 |
2 |
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions |
|||
Fatiguea |
65 |
13 |
0 |
Pyrexia |
11 |
0 |
0 |
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders |
|||
Neutropeniab |
37 |
19 |
5 |
Anemiac |
25 |
5 |
0 |
Thrombocytopeniad |
20 |
4 |
0 |
Leukopeniae |
17 |
5 |
<1 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders |
|||
Decreased appetite |
45 |
3 |
0 |
Dehydration |
10 |
2 |
0 |
Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders |
|||
Cough |
19 |
0 |
0 |
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders |
|||
Arthralgia |
15 |
0 |
0 |
Nervous System Disorders |
|||
Headache |
20 |
0 |
0 |
Dysgeusia |
12 |
0 |
0 |
Dizziness |
11 |
0 |
0 |
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders |
|||
Alopecia |
12 |
0 |
0 |
Investigations |
|||
Creatinine increased |
13 |
<1 |
0 |
Weight decreased |
14 |
0 |
0 |
a Includes asthenia, fatigue.
b Includes neutropenia, neutrophil count decreased.
c Includes anemia, hematocrit decreased, hemoglobin decreased, red blood cell count decreased.
d Includes platelet count decreased, thrombocytopenia.
e Includes leukopenia, white blood cell count decreased.
|
VERZENIO N=132 |
||
|
All Grades % |
Grade 3 % |
Grade 4 % |
Creatinine increased |
98 |
<1 |
0 |
White blood cell decreased |
91 |
28 |
0 |
Neutrophil count decreased |
88 |
22 |
5 |
Anemia |
68 |
0 |
0 |
Lymphocyte count decreased |
42 |
13 |
<1 |
Platelet count decreased |
41 |
2 |
0 |
ALT increased |
31 |
3 |
0 |
AST increased |
30 |
4 |
0 |
Creatinine Increased
Abemaciclib has been shown to increase serum creatinine due to inhibition of renal tubular secretion transporters, without affecting glomerular function [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In clinical studies, increases in serum creatinine (mean increase, 0.3 mg/dL) occurred within the first 28-day cycle of VERZENIO dosing, remained elevated but stable through the treatment period, and were reversible upon treatment discontinuation. Alternative markers such as BUN, cystatin C, or calculated GFR, which are not based on creatinine, may be considered to determine whether renal function is impaired.
7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on VERZENIO
Strong CYP3A Inhibitors
Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors increased the exposure of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites to a clinically meaningful extent and may lead to increased toxicity.
Ketoconazole
Avoid concomitant use of ketoconazole. Ketoconazole is predicted to increase the AUC of abemaciclib by up to 16-fold
[see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Other Strong CYP3A Inhibitors
In patients with recommended starting doses of 200 mg twice daily or 150 mg twice daily, reduce the VERZENIO dose to 100 mg twice daily with concomitant use of other strong CYP3A inhibitors. In patients who have had a dose reduction to 100 mg twice daily due to adverse reactions, further reduce the VERZENIO dose to 50 mg twice daily with concomitant use of other strong CYP3A inhibitors. If a patient taking VERZENIO discontinues a strong CYP3A inhibitor, increase the VERZENIO dose (after 3-5 half-lives of the inhibitor) to the dose that was used before starting the strong inhibitor. Patients should avoid grapefruit products [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Strong CYP3A Inducers
Coadministration of VERZENIO with rifampin, a strong CYP3A inducer, decreased the plasma concentrations of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites and may lead to reduced activity. Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers and consider alternative agents [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
8.1 Pregnancy
Risk Summary
Based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, VERZENIO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available human data informing the drug-associated risk. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In animal reproduction studies, administration of abemaciclib during organogenesis was teratogenic and caused decreased fetal weight at maternal exposures that were similar to human clinical exposure based on AUC at the maximum recommended human dose (seeData). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. However, the background risk in the U.S. general population of major birth defects is 2 to 4% and of miscarriage is 15 to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies.
Data
Animal Data
In an embryo-fetal development study, pregnant rats received oral doses of abemaciclib up to 15 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis. Doses ≥4 mg/kg/day caused decreased fetal body weights and increased incidence of cardiovascular and skeletal malformations and variations. These findings included absent innominate artery and aortic arch, malpositioned subclavian artery, unossified sternebra, bipartite ossification of thoracic centrum, and rudimentary or nodulated ribs. At 4 mg/kg/day in rats, the maternal systemic exposures were approximately equal to the human exposure (AUC) at the recommended dose.
Risk Summary
There are no data on the presence of abemaciclib in human milk, or its effects on the breastfed child or on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from VERZENIO, advise lactating women not to breastfeed during VERZENIO treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.
Pregnancy Testing
Based on animal studies, VERZENIO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Pregnancy testing is recommended for females of reproductive potential prior to initiating treatment with VERZENIO.
Contraception
Females
VERZENIO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during VERZENIO treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.
Infertility
Males
Based on findings in animals, VERZENIO may impair fertility in males of reproductive potential[see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
The safety and effectiveness of VERZENIO have not been established in pediatric patients.
Of the 441 patients who received VERZENIO in MONARCH 2, 35% were 65 years of age or older and 9% were 75 years of age or older. Of the 132 patients who received VERZENIO in MONARCH 1, 32% were 65 years of age or older and 8% were 75 years of age or older. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of VERZENIO were observed between these patients and younger patients.
No dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (CLcr ≥30-89 mL/min, estimated by Cockcroft-Gault [C-G]). The pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr <30 mL/min, C-G), end stage renal disease, or in patients on dialysis is unknown [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
No dosage adjustments are necessary in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A or B).
Reduce the dosing frequency when administering VERZENIO to patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C)
[see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
There is no known antidote for VERZENIO. The treatment of overdose of VERZENIO should consist of general supportive measures.
Abemaciclib is a kinase inhibitor for oral administration. It is a white to yellow powder with the empirical formula C27H32F2N8 and a molecular weight 506.59.
The chemical name for abemaciclib is 2-Pyrimidinamine, N-[5-[(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-2-pyridinyl]-5-fluoro-4-[4 fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl]-. Abemaciclib has the following structure:
VERZENIO (abemaciclib) tablets are provided as immediate-release oval white, beige, or yellow tablets. Inactive ingredients are as follows: Excipients—microcrystalline cellulose 102, microcrystalline cellulose 101, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, sodium stearyl fumarate, silicon dioxide. Color mixture ingredients—polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc, iron oxide yellow, and iron oxide red.
12.1 Mechanism of Action
Abemaciclib is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6). These kinases are activated upon binding to D-cyclins. In estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cell lines, cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 promote phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), cell cycle progression, and cell proliferation. In vitro, continuous exposure to abemaciclib inhibited Rb phosphorylation and blocked progression from G1 into S phase of the cell cycle, resulting in senescence and apoptosis. In breast cancer xenograft models, abemaciclib dosed daily without interruption as a single agent or in combination with antiestrogens resulted in reduction of tumor size.
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Based on evaluation of the QTc interval in patients and in a healthy volunteer study, abemaciclib did not cause large mean increases (i.e., 20 ms) in the QTc interval.
12.3 Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib were characterized in patients with solid tumors, including metastatic breast cancer, and in healthy subjects.
Following single and repeated twice daily dosing of 50 mg (0.3 times the approved recommended 150 mg dosage) to 200 mg of abemaciclib, the increase in plasma exposure (AUC) and Cmax was approximately dose proportional. Steady state was achieved within 5 days following repeated twice daily dosing, and the estimated geometric mean accumulation ratio was 2.3 (50% CV) and 3.2 (59% CV) based on Cmax and AUC, respectively.
Absorption
The absolute bioavailability of abemaciclib after a single oral dose of 200 mg is 45% (19% CV). The median Tmax of abemaciclib is 8.0 hours (range: 4.1-24.0 hours).
Effect of Food
A high-fat, high-calorie meal (approximately 800 to 1000 calories with 150 calories from protein, 250 calories from carbohydrate, and 500 to 600 calories from fat) administered to healthy subjects increased the AUC of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites by 9% and increased Cmax by 26%.
Distribution
In vitro, abemaciclib was bound to human plasma proteins, serum albumin, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in a concentration independent manner from 152 ng/mL to 5066 ng/mL. In a clinical study, the mean (standard deviation, SD) bound fraction was 96.3% (1.1) for abemaciclib, 93.4% (1.3) for M2, 96.8% (0.8) for M18, and 97.8% (0.6) for M20. The geometric mean systemic volume of distribution is approximately 690.3 L (49% CV).
In patients with advanced cancer, including breast cancer, concentrations of abemaciclib and its active metabolites M2 and M20 in cerebrospinal fluid are comparable to unbound plasma concentrations.
Elimination
The geometric mean hepatic clearance (CL) of abemaciclib in patients was 26.0 L/h (51% CV), and the mean plasma elimination half-life for abemaciclib in patients was 18.3 hours (72% CV).
Metabolism
Hepatic metabolism is the main route of clearance for abemaciclib. Abemaciclib is metabolized to several metabolites primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, with formation of N-desethylabemaciclib (M2) representing the major metabolism pathway. Additional metabolites include hydroxyabemaciclib (M20), hydroxy-N-desethylabemaciclib (M18), and an oxidative metabolite (M1). M2, M18, and M20 are equipotent to abemaciclib and their AUCs accounted for 25%, 13%, and 26% of the total circulating analytes in plasma, respectively.
Excretion
After a single 150 mg oral dose of radiolabeled abemaciclib, approximately 81% of the dose was recovered in feces and approximately 3% recovered in urine. The majority of the dose eliminated in feces was metabolites.
Specific Populations
Age, Gender, and Body Weight
Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis in patients with cancer, age (range 24-91 years), gender (134 males and 856 females), and body weight (range 36-175 kg) had no effect on the exposure of abemaciclib.
Patients with Renal Impairment
In a population pharmacokinetic analysis of 990 individuals, in which 381 individuals had mild renal impairment
(60 mL/min ≤ CLcr <90 mL/min) and 126 individuals had moderate renal impairment (30 mL/min ≤ CLcr <60 mL/min), mild and moderate renal impairment had no effect on the exposure of abemaciclib [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. The effect of severe renal impairment (CLcr <30 mL/min) on pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib is unknown.
Patients with Hepatic Impairment
Following a single 200 mg oral dose of abemaciclib, the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC0-INF of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2, M18, M20) in plasma increased 1.2-fold in subjects with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A, n=9), 1.1-fold in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B, n=10), and 2.4-fold in subjects with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C, n=6) relative to subjects with normal hepatic function (n=10) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7)]. In subjects with severe hepatic impairment, the mean plasma elimination half-life of abemaciclib increased to 55 hours compared to 24 hours in subjects with normal hepatic function.
Drug Interaction Studies
Effects of Other Drugs on Abemaciclib
Strong CYP3A Inhibitors:Ketoconazole (a strong CYP3A inhibitor) is predicted to increase the AUC of abemaciclib by up to 16-fold.
Itraconazole (a strong CYP3A inhibitor) is predicted to increase the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2, M18 and M20) by 2.2-fold. Coadministration of 500 mg twice daily doses of clarithromycin (a strong CYP3A inhibitor) with a single 50 mg dose of VERZENIO (0.3 times the approved recommended 150 mg dosage) increased the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC0-INF of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2, M18, and M20) by 1.7-fold relative to abemaciclib alone in cancer patients.
Moderate CYP3A Inhibitors:Diltiazem and verapamil (moderate CYP3A inhibitors) are predicted to increase the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2, M18, and M20) by 1.7-fold and 1.3-fold, respectively.
Strong CYP3A Inducers:Coadministration of 600 mg daily doses of rifampin (a strong CYP3A inducer) with a single 200 mg dose of VERZENIO decreased the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC0-INF of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2, M18, and M20) by 67% in healthy subjects.
Moderate CYP3A Inducers:The effect of moderate CYP3A inducers on the pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib is unknown.
Loperamide:Co-administration of a single 8-mg dose of loperamide with a single 400-mg dose of abemaciclib in healthy subjects increased the relative potency adjusted unbound AUC0-INF of abemaciclib plus its active metabolites (M2 and M20) by 12%, which is not considered clinically relevant.
Fulvestrant:In clinical studies in patients with breast cancer, fulvestrant had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib or its active metabolites.
Effects of Abemaciclib on Other Drugs
Loperamide:In a clinical drug interaction study in healthy subjects, coadministration of a single 8 mg dose of loperamide with a single 400 mg abemaciclib (2.7 times the approved recommended 150 mg dosage) increased loperamide AUC0-INF by 9% and Cmax by 35% relative to loperamide alone. These increases in loperamide exposure are not considered clinically relevant.
Metformin:In a clinical drug interaction study in healthy subjects, coadministration of a single 1000 mg dose of metformin, a clinically relevant substrate of renal OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2-K transporters, with a single 400 mg dose of abemaciclib (2.7 times the approved recommended 150 mg dosage) increased metformin AUC0-INF by 37% and Cmax by 22% relative to metformin alone. Abemaciclib reduced the renal clearance and renal secretion of metformin by 45% and 62%, respectively, relative to metformin alone, without any effect on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as measured by iohexol clearance and serum cystatin C.
Fulvestrant:In clinical studies in patients with breast cancer, abemaciclib had no clinically relevant effect on fulvestrant pharmacokinetics.
In Vitro Studies
Transporter Systems:Abemaciclib and its major active metabolites inhibit the renal transporters OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2-K at concentrations achievable at the approved recommended dosage. The observed serum creatinine increase in clinical studies with abemaciclib is likely due to inhibition of tubular secretion of creatinine via OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2-K [see Adverse Effects (6.1)]. Abemaciclib and its major metabolites at clinically relevant concentrations do not inhibit the hepatic uptake transporters OCT1, OATP1B1, and OATP1B3 or the renal uptake transporters OAT1 and OAT3.
Abemaciclib is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP. Abemaciclib and its major active metabolites, M2 and M20, are not substrates of hepatic uptake transporters OCT1, organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1), or OATP1B3.
Abemaciclib inhibits P-gp and BCRP. The clinical consequences of this finding on sensitive P-gp and BCRP substrates are unknown.
CYP Metabolic Pathways:Abemaciclib and its major active metabolites, M2 and M20, do not induce CYP1A2, CYP2B6, or CYP3A at clinically relevant concentrations. Abemaciclib and its major active metabolites, M2 and M20, down regulate mRNA of CYPs, including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. The mechanism of this down regulation and its clinical relevance are not understood. However, abemaciclib is a substrate of CYP3A4, and time- dependent changes in pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib as a result of autoinhibition of its metabolism was not observed.
P-gp and BCRP Inhibitors:In vitro, abemaciclib is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP. The effect of P-gp or BCRP inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib has not been studied.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with abemaciclib.
Abemaciclib and its active human metabolites M2 and M20 were not mutagenic in a bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay or clastogenic in an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells or human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Abemaciclib was not clastogenic in an in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.
Studies to assess the effects of abemaciclib on fertility have not been performed. In repeat-dose toxicity studies up to 3 months duration, abemaciclib-related findings in the testis, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicle at doses
≥10 mg/kg/day in rats and ≥0.3 mg/kg/day in dogs included decreased organ weights, intratubular cellular debris, hypospermia, tubular dilatation, atrophy, and degeneration/necrosis. These doses in rats and dogs resulted in approximately 2 and 0.02 times, respectively, the exposure (AUC) in humans at the maximum recommended human dose.
VERZENIO in Combination with Fulvestrant (MONARCH 2)
Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression on or after prior adjuvant or metastatic endocrine therapy
MONARCH 2 (NCT02107703) was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study in women with HR-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer in combination with fulvestrant in patients with disease progression following endocrine therapy who had not received chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Randomization was stratified by disease site (visceral, bone only, or other) and by sensitivity to prior endocrine therapy (primary or secondary resistance). Primary endocrine therapy resistance was defined as relapse while on the first 2 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy or progressive disease within the first 6 months of first line endocrine therapy for metastatic breast cancer. A total of 669 patients were randomized to receive VERZENIO or placebo orally twice daily plus intramuscular injection of 500 mg fulvestrant on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycle 2 and beyond (28-day cycles). Pre/perimenopausal women were enrolled in the study and received the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist goserelin for at least 4 weeks prior to and for the duration of MONARCH 2. Patients remained on continuous treatment until development of progressive disease or unmanageable toxicity.
Patient median age was 60 years (range, 32-91 years), and 37% of patients were older than 65. The majority were White (56%), and 99% of patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. Twenty percent (20%) of patients had de novo metastatic disease, 27% had bone only disease, and 56% had visceral disease. Twenty-five percent (25%) of patients had primary endocrine therapy resistance. Seventeen percent (17%) of patients were pre- or perimenopausal.
The efficacy results from the MONARCH 2 study are summarized in Table 10 and Figure 1. Median PFS assessment based on a blinded independent radiologic review was consistent with the investigator assessment. Consistent results were observed across patient stratification subgroups of disease site and endocrine therapy resistance. At the time of primary analysis of PFS, overall survival data were not mature (20% of patients had died).
VERZENIO plus Fulvestrant |
Placebo plus Fulvestrant |
|||
Progression-Free Survival |
N=446 |
|
|
N=223 |
Number of patients with an event (n, %) |
222 (49.8) |
|
|
157 (70.4) |
Median (months, 95% CI) |
16.4 (14.4, 19.3) |
|
9.3 (7.4, 12.7) |
|
Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
|
0.553 (0.449, 0.681) |
||
p-value |
|
|
p<.0001 |
|
Objective Response for Patients with Measurable Disease |
N=318 |
|
|
N=164 |
Objective response ratea (n, %) |
153 (48.1) |
35 (21.3) |
95% CI |
42.6, 53.6 |
15.1, 27.6 |
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval.
a Complete response + partial response.
Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival: VERZENIO plus Fulvestrant versus Placebo plus Fulvestrant (MONARCH 2)
VERZENIO Administered as a Monotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer (MONARCH 1)
Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who received prior endocrine therapy and 1-2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting
MONARCH 1 (NCT02102490) was a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study in women with measurable HR-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer whose disease progressed during or after endocrine therapy, had received a taxane in any setting, and who received 1 or 2 prior chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting. A total of
132 patients received 200 mg VERZENIO orally twice daily on a continuous schedule until development of progressive disease or unmanageable toxicity.
Patient median age was 58 years (range, 36-89 years), and the majority of patients were White (85%). Patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 (55% of patients) or 1 (45%). The median duration of metastatic disease was 27.6 months. Ninety percent (90%) of patients had visceral metastases, and 51% of patients had 3 or more sites of metastatic disease. Fifty-one percent (51%) of patients had had one line of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of patients had received a taxane-based regimen in the metastatic setting and 55% had received capecitabine in the metastatic setting. Table 11 provides the efficacy results from MONARCH 1.
|
VERZENIO 200 mg N=132 |
|
Investigator Assessed |
Independent Review |
|
Objective Response Ratea, n (%) |
26 (19.7) |
23 (17.4) |
95% CI (%) |
13.3, 27.5 |
11.4, 25.0 |
Median Duration of Response |
8.6 months |
7.2 months |
95% CI (%) |
5.8, 10.2 |
5.6, NR |
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, NR = not reached.
a All responses were partial responses.
16.1 How Supplied
VERZENIO 50 mg tablets are oval beige tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “50” on the other side. VERZENIO 100 mg tablet are oval white to practically white tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “100” on the
other side.
VERZENIO 150 mg tablets are oval yellow tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “150” on the other side. VERZENIO 200 mg tablets are oval beige tablet with “Lilly” debossed on one side and “200” on the other side.
VERZENIO tablets are supplied in 7-day dose pack configurations as follows:
• 200 mg dose pack (14 tablets) – each blister pack contains 14 tablets (200 mg per tablet) (200 mg twice daily)
NDC 0002-6216-54
• 150 mg dose pack (14 tablets) – each blister pack contains 14 tablets (150 mg per tablet) (150 mg twice daily)
NDC 0002-5337-54
• 100 mg dose pack (14 tablets) – each blister pack contains 14 tablets (100 mg per tablet) (100 mg twice daily)
NDC 0002-4815-54
• 50 mg dose pack (14 tablets) – each blister pack contains 14 tablets (50 mg per tablet) (50 mg twice daily)
NDC 0002-4483-54
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F).
Advise patients to read the FDA-approved Patient Information.
Diarrhea
VERZENIO may cause diarrhea, which may be severe in some cases[see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
• Early identification and intervention is critical for the optimal management of diarrhea. Instruct patients that at the first sign of loose stools, they should start antidiarrheal therapy (for example, loperamide) and notify their healthcare provider for further instructions and appropriate follow up.
18
• Encourage patients to increase oral fluids.
• If diarrhea does not resolve with antidiarrheal therapy within 24 hours to ≤Grade 1, suspend VERZENIO dosing[see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Neutropenia
Advise patients of the possibility of developing neutropenia and to immediately contact their healthcare provider should they develop a fever, particularly in association with any signs of infection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Hepatotoxicity
Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Venous Thromboembolism
Advise patients to immediately report any signs or symptoms of thromboembolism such as pain or swelling in an extremity, shortness of breath, chest pain, tachypnea, and tachycardia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception during VERZENIO therapy and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose. Advise patients to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy[see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].
Lactation
Advise lactating women not to breastfeed during VERZENIO treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose[see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
Drug Interactions
• Inform patients to avoid concomitant use of ketoconazole. Dose reduction may be required for other strong CYP3A inhibitors[see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Drug Interactions (7)].
• Grapefruit may interact with VERZENIO. Advise patients not to consume grapefruit products while on treatment with VERZENIO.
• Advise patients to avoid concomitant use of CYP3A inducers and to consider alternative agents[see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Drug Interactions (7)].
• Advise patients to inform their healthcare providers of all concomitant medications, including prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products[see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Drug Interactions (7)].
Dosing
• Instruct patients to take the doses of VERZENIO at approximately the same times every day and to swallow whole (do not chew, crush, or split them prior to swallowing) [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
• If patient vomits or misses a dose, advise the patient to take the next prescribed dose at the usual time[see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
• Advise the patient that VERZENIO may be taken with or without food[see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
Copyright © XXXX, Eli Lilly and Company. All rights reserved. VER-USPI-5-0000-YYYYMMDD
PATIENT INFORMATION VERZENIO™ (ver-ZEN-ee-oh) (abemaciclib) tablets |
What is the most important information I should know about VERZENIO? VERZENIO may cause serious side effects, including: · Diarrhea. Diarrhea is common with VERZENIO treatment and may sometimes be severe. Diarrhea may cause you to develop dehydration or an infection. The most common time to develop diarrhea is during the first month of VERZENIO treatment. If you develop diarrhea during treatment with VERZENIO, your healthcare provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking VERZENIO, stop your treatment, or decrease your dose. - If you have any loose stools, right away tell your healthcare provider, start taking an antidiarrheal medicine (such as loperamide), and drink more fluids. · Low white blood cell counts (neutropenia). Low white blood cell counts are common during treatment with VERZENIO and may cause serious infections that can lead to death. Your healthcare provider should check your white blood cell counts before and during treatment. If you develop low white blood cell counts during treatment with VERZENIO, your healthcare provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking VERZENIO, decrease your dose, or wait before starting your next month of treatment. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have signs and symptoms of low white blood cell counts or infections, such as fever and chills. · Liver problems. VERZENIO can cause serious liver problems. Your healthcare provider should do blood tests to check your liver before and during treatment with VERZENIO. If you develop liver problems during treatment with VERZENIO, your healthcare provider may reduce your dose or stop your treatment. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following signs and symptoms of liver problems: - feeling very tired - loss of appetite - pain on the upper right side of your stomach area (abdomen) - bleeding or bruising more easily than normal Blood clots in your veins, or in the arteries of your lungs. VERZENIO may cause serious blood clots that have led to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of the following signs and symptoms of a blood clot: - pain or swelling in your arms or legs - rapid breathing - shortness of breath - rapid heart rate - chest pain See “What are the possible side effects of VERZENIO?” for more information about side effects. |
What is VERZENIO? VERZENIO is a prescription medicine used: · in combination with fulvestrant to treat women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer or breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic), whose disease has progressed after hormonal therapy. · alone to treat adults with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer or metastatic breast cancer whose disease has progressed after hormonal therapy and prior chemotherapy. It is not known if VERZENIO is safe and effective in children. |
Before taking VERZENIO, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: · have fever, chills, or any other signs of an infection. · have liver or kidney problems. · are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. VERZENIO can harm your unborn baby. - If you are able to become pregnant, your healthcare provider may do a pregnancy test before you start treatment with VERZENIO. - Females who are able to become pregnant should use effective birth control during treatment with VERZENIO and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose of VERZENIO. - Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods to prevent pregnancy during treatment with VERZENIO. If you become pregnant or think you may be pregnant, tell your healthcare provider right away. · are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if VERZENIO passes into your breast milk. Do not breastfeed during treatment with VERZENIO and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose of VERZENIO. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Certain other medicines can affect how VERZENIO works and cause serious side effects. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take a medicine that contains ketoconazole. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider or pharmacist when you get a new medicine, such as antibiotics, or medicines that treat fungus or HIV/AIDS, because your dose of VERZENIO might need to be changed. |
How should I take VERZENIO? · Take VERZENIO exactly as your healthcare provider tells you. · Your healthcare provider may change your dose if needed. Do not stop taking VERZENIO or change the dose without talking to your healthcare provider. · VERZENIO may be taken with or without food. · Swallow VERZENIO tablets whole. Do not chew, crush, or split the tablets before swallowing. Do not take VERZENIO tablets if they are broken, cracked, or damaged. · Take your doses of VERZENIO at about the same time every day. · If you vomit or miss a dose of VERZENIO, take your next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses of VERZENIO at the same time to make up for the missed dose. · If you take too much VERZENIO, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away. |
What should I avoid during treatment with VERZENIO? · Avoid taking ketoconazole during treatment with VERZENIO. Tell your healthcare provider if you take a medicine that contains ketoconazole. · Avoid grapefruit and products that contain grapefruit during treatment with VERZENIO. Grapefruit may increase the amount of VERZENIO in your blood. |
What are the possible side effects of VERZENIO? VERZENIO may cause serious side effects, including: · See “What is the most important information I should know about VERZENIO?”The most common side effects of VERZENIO include: · nausea abdominal pain · infections tiredness · low red blood cell counts (anemia) low white blood cell counts (leukopenia) · decreased appetite vomiting · headache low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) VERZENIO may cause fertility problems in males. This may affect your ability to father a child. Talk to your healthcare provider if this is a concern for you. These are not all the possible side effects of VERZENIO. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your healthcare provider for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. |
How should I store VERZENIO? · Store VERZENIO at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C). Keep VERZENIO and all medicines out of the reach of children. |
General information about the safe and effective use of VERZENIO Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use VERZENIO for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give VERZENIO to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for more information about VERZENIO that is written for health professionals. |
What are the ingredients in VERZENIO? Active ingredient: abemaciclib. Inactive ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose 102, microcrystalline cellulose 101, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, sodium stearyl fumarate, silicon dioxide. Color mixture ingredients: polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc, iron oxide yellow, and iron oxide red. Marketed by: Lilly USA, LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA Copyright © YYYY, Eli Lilly and Company. All rights reserved. VER-PPI-3-0000-YYYYMMDD For more information, go to www.verzenio.com or call 1-800-545-5979. |
This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Issued: September 2017